Kyklos最新文献_第9页

Preference evolution, attention, and happiness 偏好演变、注意力和幸福感

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12329

Edward Castronova

{"title":"Preference evolution, attention, and happiness","authors":"Edward Castronova","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12329","url":null,"abstract":"We present the first model of preference evolution in an environment where the fame of an agent affects selection. Specifically, agents who are famous are more likely to be selected for comparison by other agents. Agents compare happiness, and then switch preferences if the other agent is happier. Without the attention economy, only ‘happy’ preferences survive – happy preferences being those which, when followed, give agents maximal subjective well-being. In an attention economy, however, unhappy preferences can persist if there is incomplete information. With incomplete information, agents may make errors when assessing the happiness of others. Furthermore, famous agents may be systematically less happy than others; empirical happiness research suggests that happiness comes from factors like family and religion, not fame. With these two possibilities in play, ordinary agents may be matched frequently with famous people who seem happy but are not. In these matches, ordinary agents will adopt preferences that actually make them less happy, and this allows unhappy preferences to persist in equilibrium. Our model contributes a theoretical explanation for the empirical finding that people who pay more attention to media generally score lower on scales of subjective well-being.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 2","pages":"301-315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Homophily in voting behavior: Evidence from preferential voting 投票行为中的同性恋：来自优先投票的证据

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12328

Lucie Coufalová, Štěpán Mikula, Michal Ševčík

{"title":"Homophily in voting behavior: Evidence from preferential voting","authors":"Lucie Coufalová, Štěpán Mikula, Michal Ševčík","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12328","url":null,"abstract":"Homophily—the preference for people similar in their characteristics—is a strong determinant of many types of human relationships. It affects, for example, whom we marry and potentially also whom we vote for. We use data on preferential voting from eight (1996–2021) Czech parliamentary elections matched with census and administrative data to identify the effect of homophily on voting behavior. The Czech system of preferential voting is well suited to an analysis of homophilic preferences, as it enables us to filter out preferences for political parties and focus solely on candidates' individual background characteristics. We identify the effect of homophily on a sample of 6,844,538 observations from small municipalities that are not likely to be affected by potential electoral list optimization. We find that a 1 % increase in the share of a municipality's population whose education level or age are the same as the candidate's increases the number of preferential votes the given candidate receives by 0.5% or 0.2% respectively. We also find evidence for strong geographical homophily as living in the municipality substantially increases the number of preferential votes a candidate receives.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 2","pages":"281-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50123650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Externally funded trade policy reforms and firm productivity: Evidence from a world database of reforms funded by foreign aid agencies 外部资助的贸易政策改革和企业生产力：来自外国援助机构资助的世界改革数据库的证据

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12325

Jean Baptiste Habyarimana, Vikas Kakkar

{"title":"Externally funded trade policy reforms and firm productivity: Evidence from a world database of reforms funded by foreign aid agencies","authors":"Jean Baptiste Habyarimana, Vikas Kakkar","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12325","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the impact of externally funded trade policy reforms on firm productivity by combining data from the International Aid Transparency Initiative and World Bank Enterprise Surveys. By specifying baseline and end-line surveys based on the 2006 to 2020 World Bank Enterprise Surveys, we find that 70 of 83 countries received external funds for trade policy reforms, and primarily use records based on 45,886 firms with data on productivity across these countries. Applying difference-in-differences and triple-difference techniques, this paper finds that the impact of externally funded trade policy reforms is significant, accounting for 12% of firms' average productivity growth in the recipient countries relative to firms in non-recipient countries. We also show that externally funded trade policy reforms improve firms' international-trade-climate in the recipient countries by 0.17 standard deviations, which translates into a 27% increase in the average productivity of firms with a good international-trade-climate in recipient countries over that of firms in non-recipient countries and firms with poor international trade climate in recipient countries. These results suggest that interventions should focus on financing trade policy reforms that are more likely to improve the international-trade-climate of firms in the recipient countries.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 2","pages":"196-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50143934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Citizens' attitudes towards climate mitigation policies: The role of occupational exposure in EU countries 公民对气候缓解政策的态度：职业暴露在欧盟国家的作用

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12327

Gabriella De Sario, Giovanni Marin, Agnese Sacchi

引用次数: 0

Hot hand or choking under pressure – Evidence from professional basketball 手部发热或在压力下窒息——来自职业篮球的证据

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12326

Wen-Jhan Jane

引用次数: 1

Political selection when uncertainty is high 不确定性较高时的政治选择

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12323

Thushyanthan Baskaran, Zohal Hessami, Temurbek Khasanboev

引用次数: 0

Eudaimonic wellbeing and life expectancy Eudaimonic健康和预期寿命

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12324

Leonardo Becchetti, Fabio Pisani, Berkan Acar

引用次数: 0

Can television reduce xenophobia? The case of East Germany 电视能减少仇外心理吗？东德的情况

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12322

Lars Hornuf, Marc Oliver Rieger, Sven A. Hartmann

引用次数: 0

Meta-mining: The political economy of meta-analysis 元挖掘：元分析的政治经济学

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12321

Martin Paldam

引用次数: 0

The strength of gender norms and gender-stereotypical occupational aspirations among adolescents 青少年中性别规范的力量和性别陈规定型的职业愿望

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2022-10-24 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12320

Andreas Kuhn, Stefan C. Wolter

{"title":"The strength of gender norms and gender-stereotypical occupational aspirations among adolescents","authors":"Andreas Kuhn, Stefan C. Wolter","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12320","url":null,"abstract":"We empirically test the hypothesis that adolescents' occupational aspirations are more gender-stereotypical if they live in a region where the societal norm towards gender equality is weaker. For our analysis, we combine rich survey data describing a sample of 1,434 Swiss adolescents who attended 8th grade in 2013 with municipal voting results dealing with gender equality and policy. We find that occupational aspirations predominantly follow gender stereotypes and that adolescents living in municipalities with a stronger norm towards gender equality are significantly less likely to aspire for a gender-stereotypical occupation, even after controlling for individual-level controls. At the same time, we also find that the association is surprisingly weak – in the sense that adolescents tend to aspire for gender-stereotypical occupations even in the most gender-progressive municipalities. Moreover, a more detailed analysis shows that the association mainly reflects the intergenerational transmission of occupations from parents to their children and/or regional differences in the prevailing occupational structure. We discuss the implications of these findings and several mechanisms that are consistent with the evidence from our analysis.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 1","pages":"101-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50119676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0