IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12363

Sophia Gaenssle

{"title":"Income distribution and nudity on social media: Attention economics of Instagram stars","authors":"Sophia Gaenssle","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12363","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12363","url":null,"abstract":"Social media stars gain star-status with uploads on social media pages like YouTube, TikTok, or Instagram. One of the most popular platforms is “Instagram” owned by Meta/Facebook. The growing social, cultural, and economic power of so-called influencers raises questions about key drivers of success and, moreover, distribution of income on social media platforms. Instagram has been accused of strategically favoring images with nude content. In order to shed light on this socio-critical aspect, this paper examines the following research questions: Does body exposure drive income success on Instagram? Is there a difference between male and female content in this regard? This paper empirically analyzes 500 top Instagram stars within the categories (1) fashion and beauty, (2) fitness and sports, (3) music, (4) photo and arts, and (5) food and vegan. The data provide information on popularity, posting behavior, and price estimates per post. Using hybrid regression models, the results show indeed positive impact of body exposure on monetary success. Accounts with high level of body exposure achieve higher prices and advertising revenues than accounts with less nudity, regardless of the gender. Regarding gender differences, male content achieves on average higher advertising prices, whereas female accounts provide more branded content and eventually achieve higher advertising revenues.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 1","pages":"184-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136348695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revenue sharing, fiscal incentives, and economic growth: Evidence from China 收入分享、财政激励和经济增长：来自中国的证据

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12362

Yixin Chen, Bingyang Lyu, Guangrong Ma

引用次数: 0

The impact of recentralization reform on corruption: evidence from a quasi-natural experiment 权力下放改革对腐败的影响：来自准自然实验的证据

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12361

Hiep Ngoc Luu, Tram Anh Nguyen, Ngoc Minh Nguyen, Dam Duc Le, Khoi Trong Dao

{"title":"The impact of recentralization reform on corruption: evidence from a quasi-natural experiment","authors":"Hiep Ngoc Luu, Tram Anh Nguyen, Ngoc Minh Nguyen, Dam Duc Le, Khoi Trong Dao","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12361","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12361","url":null,"abstract":"How does government recentralization reform affect corruption? We utilize the pilot recentralization reform that transforms the legislative function, power, and responsibility of the district-level authorities to the higher level of the government organ in Vietnam as a quasi-natural experiment to address the aforementioned question. We find strong evidence that recentralization reform leads to lower corruption. The result illustrates that, among the firms which have the highest probability of making a bribe payment, those incorporated in jurisdictions experiencing the recentralization reform are 4.3% less likely to pay a bribe. In addition, the perception that bribery is a common and necessary practice is also significantly lowered in the post-recentralization period. We further show that the impact of recentralization is stronger for firms which lack a political connection. Overall, these results shed light on the real impact of the government recentralization reform and also the determinants of corruption, thereby providing important policy implications for policymakers to create a more conducive business environment.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 1","pages":"118-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135112824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A theory of the city-state: The rise and decline of the rule of law in Medieval Italy 城邦理论：中世纪意大利法治的兴衰

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12360

Ennio E. Piano

引用次数: 0

Seventy-five years West German currency reform: Crisis as catalyst for the erosion of the market order 西德货币改革七十五年：危机是侵蚀市场秩序的催化剂

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12359

Gunther Schnabl

引用次数: 0

A post-politics earnings penalty? Evidence from politicians' lifetime income trajectories (1970–2019) 从政后的收入惩罚？政治家一生收入轨迹（1970-2019）的证据

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12358

Benny Geys, Rune J. Sørensen

{"title":"A post-politics earnings penalty? Evidence from politicians' lifetime income trajectories (1970–2019)","authors":"Benny Geys, Rune J. Sørensen","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12358","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12358","url":null,"abstract":"Politicians are commonly believed to gain financially from holding and/or having held office. We argue that there may often also be economic downsides to pursuing a political career and investigate whether and when politicians can (not) capitalize on their political experience. We thereby study both entry into and exit from political office and directly compare the returns to politics across government levels and types of politicians. Empirically, we build on detailed information from Norwegian administrative register data over the period 1970–2019 to study individual-level income developments before, during and after a political career at the national and local levels (covering nearly 22,000 individuals and 700,000 person-years). Using an event-study methodology, we show that politicians on average witness a significant income boost during their time in office. In sharp contrast, leaving political office is on average associated with a substantial drop in income, which generally outweighs the income gain from entry into office. These findings suggest that most politicians face a net present value loss from holding office.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 1","pages":"57-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135982001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does the unemployment rate moderate the well-being disadvantage of the unemployed? Within-region estimates from the European Social Survey 失业率是否减缓了失业者的福利劣势？来自欧洲社会调查的区域内估计值

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12357

Gábor Hajdu, Tamás Hajdu

引用次数: 0

The cost of love: Solving the gift anomaly 爱的代价解决礼物异常问题

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12355

Elias L. Khalil

{"title":"The cost of love: Solving the gift anomaly","authors":"Elias L. Khalil","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12355","DOIUrl":"10.1111/kykl.12355","url":null,"abstract":"Friendship-and-love affords bonding that satisfies what can be called “transcendental preferences”—in contradistinction of “substantive preferences” afforded by, for example, food, clothes, and shelter. Substantive preferences involve ordinary “substantive cost,” whereas transcendental preferences involve “bonding cost” that includes heartaches, obsession, and emotional turmoil. What about the cost of gifts such as flowers, time, and other carriers of friendship-and-love? The greater is the expenditure on gifts, the greater the bonding cost. This paper investigates the following question: How should we model bonding cost, which includes the cost of gift, in relation to substantive cost? Given bonding cost and substantive cost share the same budget, neoclassical economists treat them as commensurable and, hence, transcendental and substantive preferences make up a unidimensional objective function. This treatment, however, originates the “gift anomaly”: If people easily substitute between the two genera of preferences, why do they consider the demand of payments for visiting their grandmothers—or payments for voting and sexual intercourse—as repugnant (taboo)? To solve the gift anomaly, this paper is critical of the standard economist's entry point. This paper proposes bonding and substantive costs as incommensurable and, corollary, transcendental and substantive preferences as incommensurable as well. This paper further shows how, without undermining the incommensurability thesis, the incommensurability is up to a limit: the two genera of costs and, corollary, the two genera of preferences are still linked via the income effect—as opposed to the substitution effect.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"77 1","pages":"22-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/kykl.12355","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77478296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal taxation for democracies with less than perfect voters: A public choice perspective 选民不够完美的民主国家的最佳税收：公共选择视角

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12356

Roger D. Congleton

引用次数: 0

Forever young: Relative age effects in Belgian political selection 永远年轻：比利时政治选择中的相对年龄效应

IF 1.9 3区经济学

Kyklos Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12353

Alan Al Yussef, Bruno Heyndels, Pauline Le Boulaire

{"title":"Forever young: Relative age effects in Belgian political selection","authors":"Alan Al Yussef, Bruno Heyndels, Pauline Le Boulaire","doi":"10.1111/kykl.12353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12353","url":null,"abstract":"Political selection is crucial for the functioning of democracy. However, the practice—in education and sports contexts—of artificially dividing school-age children into different age groups leads to a considerable bias in this selection. The probability of becoming a (successful) politician depends on individuals' relative age. Being born shortly after the cut-off date significantly increases the probability that an individual will be politically successful later in life. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find strong evidence of such relative age effect (RAE) among a large sample of Belgian federal parliamentarians over the period 1950–2019 (N = 4032), but not among municipal councillors (N = 7387), nor among municipal candidates (N = 36,740) in the 2018 election. The estimated overrepresentation of federal members of the parliament (MPs) born immediately after the cut-off date is up to 90% compared to politicians born just before the cut-off date. The overrepresentation is observed over the whole period and thus seems to be deeply rooted in the political system. We find the RAE to have a gendered dimension: The effect is driven by early-born male politicians' overrepresentation. No significant RAE was found among female politicians.","PeriodicalId":47739,"journal":{"name":"Kyklos","volume":"76 4","pages":"859-881"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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