Work and Occupations最新文献_第8页

Working More, Less or the Same During COVID-19? A Mixed Method, Intersectional Analysis of Remote Workers COVID-19期间工作更多、更少还是不变?一种混合方法:远程工作者的交叉分析

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211047208

W. Fan, P. Moen

{"title":"Working More, Less or the Same During COVID-19? A Mixed Method, Intersectional Analysis of Remote Workers","authors":"W. Fan, P. Moen","doi":"10.1177/07308884211047208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884211047208","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed where paid work is done. Workers able to do so have been required to work remotely. We draw on survey data collected in October 2020 from a nationally representative sample of 3,017 remote workers, as well as qualitative survey data collected from 231 remote workers, to examine perceived changes in work hours from before to during the pandemic. Results indicate women are at greater risk of change (either a major decrease or a major increase)—rather than stability—in work hours. Gender also intersects with caregiving, race/ethnicity, prior remote work experiences, and socioeconomic status to shape changes in hours. Women and men in the sandwich generation, as well as women (but not men) with pre-school children, are the most likely to report a decrease in work hours, whereas women with older children at home or caring for adults (but not both) are the most likely to have an increase in hours. Remote working Black women and women moving into remote work are more likely to experience a major increase in hours worked, even as Hispanic women and Black men are the most likely to report somewhat of a reduction in work hours. Gender also intersects with SES, such that women without a college degree are more likely to have a decrease in work hours, while women with an advanced degree and women managers report a considerable increase in work hours. Qualitative data further illuminate why work hours change or remain stable for remote workers during COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"49 1","pages":"143 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49147214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Unequal Reach: Cyclical and Amplifying Ties Among Agricultural and Oilfield Workers in Texas 不平等的影响：得克萨斯州农业和油田工人之间的循环和扩大关系

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-08-08 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211034208

K. Griesbach

{"title":"Unequal Reach: Cyclical and Amplifying Ties Among Agricultural and Oilfield Workers in Texas","authors":"K. Griesbach","doi":"10.1177/07308884211034208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884211034208","url":null,"abstract":"What kinds of ties do agricultural and oil and gas workers form in the field, and how do they use them later on? Why do they use them differently? Scholarship highlights how weak ties can link people to valuable information, while strong ties can be critical for day-to-day survival. Yet many mechanisms affect how workers form and use social networks over time and space. Drawing on 60 interviews and observations with agricultural and oilfield workers in Texas, I examine how both groups form strong ties of fictive kinship when living together in the field far from home—pooling resources, sharing reproductive labor, and using the discourse of family to describe these relationships. Then I examine how they use these ties very differently later in practice. Oilfield workers often use their fictive kin ties to move up and around the industry across space, time, and companies: amplifying ties. In contrast, agricultural workers renew the same strong ties for survival from season to season, maintaining cyclical ties. The comparison highlights how industry mobility ladders, tempos, and geographies affect how workers can use their networks in practice. While both agricultural and oilfield workers become fictive kin in situations of intense proximity, structural differences give their networks unequal reach.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"49 1","pages":"3 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44414419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Kelly, E. L., & Moen, P. (2020). Overload: How Good Jobs Went Bad and What We Can Do About It Kelly，E.L.和Moen，P.（2020）。过载：好的工作是如何变成坏的以及我们能做些什么

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-07-04 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211031976

Quan Mai

{"title":"Kelly, E. L., & Moen, P. (2020). Overload: How Good Jobs Went Bad and What We Can Do About It","authors":"Quan Mai","doi":"10.1177/07308884211031976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884211031976","url":null,"abstract":"select sample is a limitation of the study. The work-family dilemmas of less educated, low-paid, and immigrant women in these wealthy nations likely are quite different, as Collins acknowledges. While some might argue that if even privileged women struggle to integrate work and family, we can infer the problem is serious for all women. However, the challenges faced by disadvantaged mothers may not only be a matter of intensity but a matter of kind: the struggles of disadvantaged women may be unique and not well identified by studying middle-class women. For example, the reliance on market solutions for childcare produces wide variance in the quality and cost of care, with low-wage workers caught in a fragile net of childcare solutions. I hope Collins’ research inspires similar in-depth studies of women in different social locations across these varying political and cultural work-family contexts. Collins powerfully rejects the concept of work-family balance to encourage a social movement for work-family justice. Through this, Collins calls for a stronger safety net for American families and a suite of policies that enable each person to have “the opportunity and power to fully participate in both paid work and family care” (p. 7). As the recent pandemic has laid bare, the need for work-family justice has never been more important.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"49 1","pages":"135 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/07308884211031976","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48844686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Narrative Continuity/Rupture: Projected Professional Futures amid Pervasive Employment Precarity 叙事的连续性/断裂：在普遍的就业不稳定中预测的职业未来

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211028277

Elena Ayala-Hurtado

{"title":"Narrative Continuity/Rupture: Projected Professional Futures amid Pervasive Employment Precarity","authors":"Elena Ayala-Hurtado","doi":"10.1177/07308884211028277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884211028277","url":null,"abstract":"As working conditions change worldwide, employment precarity is increasing, including for groups for whom such conditions are unexpected. This study investigates how members of one such group—educationally advantaged young adults—describe their professional futures in a context of unprecedented employment precarity where their expected trajectories are no longer easily achievable. Using 75 interviews with young university graduates in Madrid, Spain, I find that most young graduates drew on a long-standing cultural narrative, which I call the “achievement narrative,” to imagine future stable employment. Simultaneously, most denounced this narrative as fraudulent. To explain this finding, I draw on the concept of hysteresis: the mismatch between beliefs that are dependent on the past conditions that produced them and the available opportunities in the present. I argue that hysteresis can extend into future projections; projected futures can be guided by beliefs based on past conditions more than by lived experiences in the present. Further, I argue that the achievement narrative itself reinforces hysteresis in future projections due to its resonance and institutional support. The paper offers new insights into projected futures and employment precarity by analyzing the future projections of a privileged cohort facing unexpected precarity, further develops the concept of hysteresis, and extends the study of cultural narratives.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"49 1","pages":"45 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/07308884211028277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41428533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Blackett, A. (2019). Everyday Transgressions: Domestic Workers’ Transnational Challenge to International Labor Law 布莱克特，A.(2019)。日常越轨:家政工人对国际劳动法的跨国挑战

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211029338

Hina B. Shah

{"title":"Blackett, A. (2019). Everyday Transgressions: Domestic Workers’ Transnational Challenge to International Labor Law","authors":"Hina B. Shah","doi":"10.1177/07308884211029338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884211029338","url":null,"abstract":"One in every twenty-five women workers worldwide is a domestic worker. They are largely invisible, undervalued, and lack the most basic labor protections. Professor Blackett’s book, Everyday Transgressions, tackles this invisibility head on and provides a much-needed conceptual framing that lays bare the inequities faced by domestic workers and the transnational movement for change. The book expertly peels back the layers of history of subjugation that shaped the historic efforts by the International Labour Organization to adopt the first international treaty for domestic workers – the ILO Convention Concerning Decent Work for Domestic Workers (Domestic Workers Convention, No. 189). In this book, Professor Blackett provides an insider’s view of this historic moment. She served as the ILO’s lead expert and wrote the ILO’s Report IV:1 on Decent Work For Domestic Workers (“Law and Practice Report”). Her vivid descriptions of the negotiations, the conflicts, and the behind-the-scenes agitations bring to life the Convention. The book benefits not only from Professor Blackett’s professional expertise in this area but also her intimate connection to her family’s legacy as migrant domestic servants. The legacy of subordination and servitude does not strip domestic workers of their agency. Everyday Transgressions makes a persuasive argument for the need for the ILO’s Domestic Workers Convention. Professor Blackett also creates a unique framing around the law of the household workplace – a largely invisible counterforce that is asymmetrical Book Reviews","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"49 1","pages":"130 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/07308884211029338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42460039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Bulut, E. (2020). A Precarious Game: The Illusion of Dream Jobs in the Video Game Industry Bulut，E.（2020）。一款不稳定的游戏：电子游戏行业梦想工作的幻觉

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211028892

Mengyang Zhao

引用次数: 0

Über-Alienated: Powerless and Alone in the Gig Economy Über-Alienated:零工经济中的无能为力和孤独

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211024711

Paul Glavin, A. Bierman, Scott Schieman

引用次数: 37

Chin, M. M. (2020). Stuck: Why Asian Americans Don't Reach the Top of the Corporate Ladder Chin，M.M.（2020）。陷入困境：为什么亚裔美国人没有登上企业阶梯的顶端

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211022414

Yvonnes Chen

引用次数: 4

Dilemma Work: Problem-Solving Multiple Work Roles Into One Work Life 两难工作:在一个工作生活中解决多重工作角色

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211017623

Phillipa K. Chong

{"title":"Dilemma Work: Problem-Solving Multiple Work Roles Into One Work Life","authors":"Phillipa K. Chong","doi":"10.1177/07308884211017623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884211017623","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars have observed workers combining multiple work roles to earn a living to cope with the vicissitudes of the labor market. In studies of creative labor markets, this trend of workers broadening of their skills is termed “occupational generalism”. Previous scholarship has focused on the structural factors that push and pull workers into generalizing and combining multiple work roles. But we lack an understanding of the subjective experience of work as a generalist. I introduce the concept of dilemma work: a form of problem-solving wherein workers who have generalized their work portfolios, attempt to rationalize their professional practices to overcome conflicts that arise from occupying multiple work roles. Drawing on in-depth interviews with professional writers who also freelance as book reviewers, I find that these generalists use three dilemma work strategies: anchoring another role to guide action in the current one; incorporating multiple roles under a higher role or purpose; and compartmentalizing roles in order to act exclusively within a single identity. I propose the general value of a typology of dilemma work for understanding workers’ experience both within artistic labor markets, and beyond.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"48 1","pages":"432 - 469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/07308884211017623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43104166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

McKersie, R. B. (2018). A Field in Flux: Sixty Years of Industrial Relations 麦克西，r.b.(2018)。一个变化的领域:六十年的劳资关系

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2021-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211008208

J. Lamare

{"title":"McKersie, R. B. (2018). A Field in Flux: Sixty Years of Industrial Relations","authors":"J. Lamare","doi":"10.1177/07308884211008208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884211008208","url":null,"abstract":"tional pathways for corporate occupations in order to strengthen their control of corporate leadership. And education became “the chief public policy to address problems of work and employment” (p. 180). Groeger’s book provides a fascinating historical lens into understanding America’s current educational/occupational structure. Groeger comes from a background in history, and her scholarly criticisms are mainly levied against economists. As a sociologist, I believe her critique could have benefited from a deeper knowledge of sociological scholarship. While Groeger regularly critiques the human capital model, an explicit discussion of cultural capital is noticeably absent. Despite mentions of particular forms of cultural capital— e.g. “flawless and perfectly accented English, tact, sociability, neatness, appropriate dress, trustworthiness, and character” (p. 7)—the terms “cultural capital” or “social capital” are never used in the book. There is a long tradition of sociological critique emphasizing the role of formal education in legitimizing and reproducing class structures (most notably, Bourdieu and Passeron; Lamont and Lareau) that might have added another layer of depth to Groeger’s critique of the human capital and credentialist models. Though she does not make the connection to cultural capital herself, for contemporary followers of the Bourdieusian tradition, Groeger’s rigorously collected data can provide useful insights into the history of the legitimation of the “great equalizer” ideology and contemporary class structure in American society.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"48 1","pages":"502 - 504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/07308884211008208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41866542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0