Work and Occupations最新文献

Unsettled Times: The Contestation and Reproduction of Flexible Scheduling in Pandemic-Era Restaurant Work 不平静的时代：大流行时期餐厅工作中弹性排班的争议与再生产

IF 4.4 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/07308884241265477

Ewa Protasiuk

引用次数: 0

Working for Rehab: Labor Expropriation as Treatment for Addiction 为戒毒而工作：以劳动征用来治疗毒瘾

IF 4.4 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/07308884241265693

Erin Hatton

引用次数: 1

Inertia, Progress, or Regress? Observing and Explaining Heterogenous Tech Firm Demographic Diversity Trajectories 惯性、进步还是倒退？观察和解释异质性科技公司人口多样性轨迹

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1177/07308884241252338

JooHee Han, Donald Tomaskovic-Devey

{"title":"Inertia, Progress, or Regress? Observing and Explaining Heterogenous Tech Firm Demographic Diversity Trajectories","authors":"JooHee Han, Donald Tomaskovic-Devey","doi":"10.1177/07308884241252338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884241252338","url":null,"abstract":"Tech firms are under strong pressure to increase their demographic diversity. While activists and scholars have tended to treat the sector as homogenously hostile to women and racialized minorities, recent theory on organizational inequalities stresses heterogeneity in firm-level inequality regimes. Beginning with an inductive exploration of variation in executive, managerial, and professional workforce trajectories, we find that between 2008 and 2016 most Tech firms show little change, but that there are also significant clusters of firms that were becoming either much more or much less diverse for all three occupational levels. We model these trajectories as a function of firm visibility, the regulation of federal contractors by the U.S. Department of Labor, and leadership composition. Multinomial logistic regression models show that firms with an increasing (decreasing) diversity pattern in managerial and executive positions are also more likely to become more (less) diverse in their much more numerous professional jobs. Managers are more influential than executive in this regard. Regulatory pressure is associated with increased executive diversity trajectories, but not with managerial or professional trajectories. We conclude that increased Tech diversity is possible but requires leadership, particularly at the middle manager level. In addition, regulatory and visibility pressures primarily produce symbolic shuffles in top jobs.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forsaking an Organization in Favor of Another: Judgment Change in an Occupational Community 放弃一个组织，选择另一个组织：职业群体中的判断变化

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/07308884241237253

Kyoung-Hee Yu, Sung-Chul Noh

{"title":"Forsaking an Organization in Favor of Another: Judgment Change in an Occupational Community","authors":"Kyoung-Hee Yu, Sung-Chul Noh","doi":"10.1177/07308884241237253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884241237253","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how occupations change their judgments about organizations has important consequences for occupations themselves, organizations, and ultimately for institutional change. Collectively held judgments about the value of specific organizational forms are difficult to change because occupations share normative understandings about what is good practice and discriminate across organizations based on this knowledge. Given the difficulty of changing collectively held judgments in occupational communities, the question asked in this article is: How does normative judgment change about organizations develop within an occupational community? We investigate how judgement change occurs in an occupational community in the context of the television broadcasting sector in South Korea. We study how producers in public broadcasters changed their respective judgments about public broadcasters and new commercial broadcasters. Producers found expressing judgment change difficult initially, yet judgment change among more experienced producers enabled it to spread among rank-and-file producers, ultimately leading to an “exodus” of producers from public broadcasters. Findings suggest that occupational members at different stages of their careers play distinct roles in bringing about collective judgment change in occupations. Our study highlights the importance of normative judgments by expert occupations as an impactful means by which occupations can withdraw cooperation or sever their relationship with organizations. The article also contributes to the study of occupational communities in creative industries.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing Trans and Nonbinary Workers’ Response to Workplace Discrimination 分析变性和非二元工人对工作场所歧视的反应

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/07308884241240079

Brook Hutchinson, J. Shircliff, Christy Glass, Gabe H. Miller, G. Marquez-Velarde, Mario I. Suárez

{"title":"Analyzing Trans and Nonbinary Workers’ Response to Workplace Discrimination","authors":"Brook Hutchinson, J. Shircliff, Christy Glass, Gabe H. Miller, G. Marquez-Velarde, Mario I. Suárez","doi":"10.1177/07308884241240079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884241240079","url":null,"abstract":"Workplace discrimination against trans and nonbinary workers is pervasive and contributes to high rates of unemployment, underemployment, and economic precarity. Scholars have begun to identify the ways cisnormativity is embedded in workplace organizations in ways that contribute to hostile work environments for trans and nonbinary workers. However, relatively little research has explored the strategies trans and nonbinary workers use to navigate such environments. The current study contributes to this growing field by exploring the predictors of worker agency among trans and nonbinary workers. Drawing on data from the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey, this study analyzes the role of social status, including race, gender, and social class, and institutional protections, including union membership and antidiscrimination policies, in shaping trans and nonbinary workers’ responses to discrimination. Our findings suggest that lower status workers are more likely than higher status workers to rely on self-protective measures that pose risks to their health and well-being, while comprehensive antidiscrimination policies enhance the ability of all workers to pursue redressive action. We consider the implications of our findings for workplace policy and practice.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Exit, Voice, and Solidarity: Contesting Precarity in the US and European Telecommunications Industries by Doellgast, Virginia 书评：退出、话语权和团结：弗吉尼亚州多尔加斯特著：《美国和欧洲电信业中的先入之见》（Contesting Precarity in the US and European Telecommunications Industries

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1177/07308884231224795

Dustin Avent-Holt

引用次数: 0

More Than a Match: “Fit” as a Tool in Hiring Decisions 不仅仅是匹配将 "适合 "作为招聘决策的工具

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/07308884231214279

Beth Nichols, David S. Pedulla, Jeff T. Sheng

{"title":"More Than a Match: “Fit” as a Tool in Hiring Decisions","authors":"Beth Nichols, David S. Pedulla, Jeff T. Sheng","doi":"10.1177/07308884231214279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884231214279","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of “fit” has become important for understanding hiring decisions and labor market outcomes. While social scientists have explored how fit functions as a legitimized evaluative criterion to match candidates to jobs in the hiring process, less is known about how fit functions as a hiring tool to aid in decision-making when hiring decisions cannot—or should not—be justified. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 53 hiring professionals, we develop a theoretical argument that hiring professionals can use fit as a tool to circumvent legitimized hiring criteria and justify their hiring goals. Specifically, we show how hiring professionals use fit as a tool to explain their hiring decisions when these decisions cannot or should not be justified and we outline two mechanisms through which this process occurs: (1) fit as a tool for circumventing human capital concerns, and (2) fit as a tool to circumvent hiring policies based upon social characteristics. We argue that fit is more than an evaluative criterion for matching individuals to jobs. Hiring professionals deploy fit as a tool to justify their decisions amid uncertainty and constraint. Fit, then, becomes a placeholder when these hiring decisions are not able to be justified through legitimized means. Our findings reveal some of the potential negative consequences of using fit during the hiring process and contribute important theoretical insights about the role of fit in scholarship on inequality and labor markets.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Gender Wage Gap, Between-Firm Inequality, and Devaluation: Testing a New Hypothesis in the Service Sector. 性别工资差距、企业不平等与货币贬值：检验服务业的一个新假设

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221141072

Carmen Brick, Daniel Schneider, Kristen Harknett

引用次数: 2

Living to Work (from Home): Overwork, Remote Work, and Gendered Dual Devotion to Work and Family 生活到工作(在家):过度工作、远程工作和性别对工作和家庭的双重奉献

2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1177/07308884231207772

Kim de Laat

{"title":"Living to Work (from Home): Overwork, Remote Work, and Gendered Dual Devotion to Work and Family","authors":"Kim de Laat","doi":"10.1177/07308884231207772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884231207772","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary North American work culture is characterized by experts as one of overwork. Throughout much of the previous century, many parents devoted themselves either to their careers, or to their families. These “competing devotions” served as a cultural model for making sense of the world and alleviated the tension between overwork and family life. Data from interviews with 84 IT workers are used to examine whether devotion to work and family is still experienced as oppositional for working parents. I find that interviewees report feeling devoted both to their families and their careers, which I refer to as dual devotion. Such espousals of dual devotion are facilitated by the use of flexible work policies—remote work and flextime—which enable those with dual devotions to accomplish work–life integration. However, whereas men perceive remote work as allowing them to dedicate more time to childcare, women perceive it as allowing them to dedicate more time to work. These findings advance our understanding of the relationship between gender inequality and the experiential dimensions of work and family time: the practices that enable dual devotions, in particular remote work, help parents maintain an orientation to time that makes overwork more palatable. In either case, workplaces win since women are working long hours and men are not sacrificing paid work hours to take on more childcare or housework.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135322738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Disability and the State Production of Precarity 残疾和不稳定的国家生产

2区社会学

Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/07308884231207773

Emily H. Ruppel

引用次数: 0