Population and Environment最新文献

{"title":"An environment and comprehensive wellbeing (ECW) conceptual framework: exploring environmental relationships with objective and subjective wellbeing.","authors":"Laurence Cannings, Craig W Hutton, Kristine Nilsen","doi":"10.1007/s11111-026-00518-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11111-026-00518-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wellbeing and environment are inherently interlinked and, as such, should be supported by a framework that captures multiple relationships between people and ecosystems. A comprehensive wellbeing assessment encompasses broad objective and subjective indicators which account for local community and governance priorities, and acknowledge wellbeing as relational to the time and space it is constructed. While existing frameworks address components of the environment-wellbeing system, they often do not incorporate comprehensive wellbeing within an environmental context. The Environment and Comprehensive Wellbeing framework addresses this gap, supporting research on the impacts of climatic hazards, landscape characteristics, and environmental policy interventions upon wellbeing in low- and middle-income countries. The framework is novel in its exploration of how objective and subjective wellbeing interact, and how the relational context, including environmental conditions over various timescales, impact these relationships. Despite being primarily designed to explore local wellbeing, the framework contains sufficient breadth to facilitate multiscale research. The framework is applied to a mixed-method example in Volta Delta, Ghana. The prominence of subsistence agriculture within the environmentally vulnerable delta accentuates the interconnectivity between livelihoods, wellbeing and environment. Applying this novel framework provides a platform for a deeper understanding of the findings. For example, a context-specific dichotomy between low objective and high subjective wellbeing was illustrated in drought-impacted agricultural areas. Research deploying an exclusively objective approach may have omitted information on how collective community norms could promote sustainable activities, while a subjective approach may have overlooked requirements for more-immediate material support, highlighting the synergistic benefit of encompassing subjective and objective wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-026-00518-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"48 2","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13032941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147582655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health disparities and industrial emissions: a case study of semiconductor manufacturing and asthma morbidity in Austin, Texas.","authors":"Sarah Chambliss, Aquiel Warner, Corwin Zigler, Emily M Hall, Catherine Cubbin, Elizabeth J Mueller, Roger D Peng, Elizabeth C Matsui","doi":"10.1007/s11111-026-00524-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-026-00524-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Racialized and lower-income communities often face disproportionate health risks from air pollution. In central Texas, semiconductor fabrication plants (SFPs) are a major emissions source, but their health effects and impact on disparities remain unclear. This study examined 217 census tracts in Travis County, Texas, calculating an SFP exposure score based on facility-reported emissions, weighted by proximity. Using distance-adjusted propensity score matching, this study compared 30 tracts within 2 km of SFPs to similar nearby tracts, controlling for demographics and socioeconomic indicators. Results showed SFPs were located in tracts with higher proportions of Black (12% vs. 7%) and Latinx (46% vs. 30%) residents and higher indicators of social vulnerability. Each one-standard deviation increase in SFP exposure corresponded to 9.3% higher asthma ED visits in the total population (IRR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.017-1.172) and 12.4% in children (IRR = 1.124, 1.058-1.232). Estimates were unchanged when controlling for black carbon and sulfate. These findings indicate that semiconductor manufacturing emissions are concentrated in neighborhoods with a higher share of racialized residents and are independently linked to higher population-level rates of asthma morbidity. These findings suggest that expansion of the US semiconductor industry warrants increased public health surveillance and equity-informed decision making in future facility siting.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-026-00524-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"48 2","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cash transfers relax climate-induced mobility constraints in Kenya.","authors":"Valerie Mueller, Clark Gray, Sudhanshu Handa","doi":"10.1007/s11111-025-00515-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-025-00515-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of migration as an adaptation strategy is now recognized by scholars and policymakers as a key response to climate change. Cash transfer programs, now being implemented worldwide, also have the potential to facilitate adaptation and promote resilience in low- and middle-income countries. We investigate the extent to which a cash transfer program in Kenya promoted the mobility of household members due to climate shocks, leveraging exogenous variation in local deviations from the historical climate and the administration of the program through a randomized controlled trial. Our findings indicate that beneficiary households were less likely to reduce migration amid cold spells, likely via shifts in education-related migration. We also find that heat spells ubiquitously encourage new members to join the household, while cold spells have the opposite effect, and that cash transfers do not appear to alter these relationships. Together the results suggest that cold spells can trap migrants in temperate, low-resource settings and that cash transfers can partially alleviate these constraints. Modeling migration and complementary strategies in the presence of climate tipping points will become necessary to predict when more permanent migration will be triggered and modifying social assistance will become necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"48 2","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who is exposed and who is harmed? Social disparities in flood exposure and impact in Pernambuco, Brazil.","authors":"Mohamad AlAbbas, Emily Hannum, Jere Behrman, Leticia Marteleto","doi":"10.1007/s11111-026-00523-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-026-00523-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How do geospatial sorting and social stratification condition natural-disaster exposure and impact? Using the case of the May 2022 flash floods in Pernambuco, Brazil, we address this question with a dual-source approach that captures disparities in both exposure to anomalously high rainfall and the reported impacts of resulting floods. While exposure to anomalous rainfall is tied to geospatial segregation patterns, reported impacts may also reflect localized infrastructure, such as drainage systems or piped water availability, that capture municipality-level investment and capacity to withstand flooding. Findings from exposure analysis reveal significant disparities by race, religion, maternal education, and income. However, these relationships fully attenuate after adjustment for municipal location, suggesting that settlement patterns and geospatial marginalization drive the observed exposure disparities. Findings from the analysis of self-reported flood impact also show disparate impacts by race, employment status, number of children under 15, and household income, but in this case, only racial disparities are fully attenuated after spatial adjustments. Further findings show that low-income households and those with more children report significantly greater impacts even after adjusting for both municipal fixed effects and hazard exposure. Interaction models reveal steeper dose-response relationships between rainfall and impacts for low-income households, and we find evidence that household infrastructure significantly mediates economic disparities in flood impacts. Combined, results demonstrate that relying solely on externally measured exposure to gauge the stratified impacts of extreme precipitation or flash floods may miss important socioeconomic disparities. Both geospatial segregation patterns and household-level capacities to withstand environmental shocks shape vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-026-00523-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"48 2","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13099789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertility Intentions in Rural Malawi After Cyclone Idai.","authors":"Monica J Grant, Katherine J Curtis","doi":"10.1007/s11111-025-00487-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11111-025-00487-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental disruptions such as extreme weather events can intensify household uncertainty by creating financial, marital, and housing instability. In this paper, we draw on unique interview data to advance knowledge of fertility intentions and the role of environmentally induced uncertainty in shaping them. We use in-depth interviews collected in rural Malawi in July 2019 to examine the motivations behind fertility intentions at a moment of heightened uncertainty, the months following the destruction brought by Cyclone Idai. Among respondents with children, the majority planned to wait at least four years before having another child. From the narratives of parents' reproductive plans, we develop a typology of respondents who prefer long inter-birth intervals. Analyses reveal that some respondents' motivations are consistent with traditional spacing intentions, whereas others reflect their fundamental uncertainty about the future and the chances of regaining economic and household stability in a natural-resource contingent context. Our results are foundational for building theory to understand the relationship between environmental forces and fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12700294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental change, aquatic conditions, and household food security: Evidence from Lake Malawi.","authors":"Heather Randell, Clark Gray, Monica Grant, Galina Shinkareva, Wondwosen M Seyoum, Catherine O'Reilly","doi":"10.1007/s11111-025-00476-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11111-025-00476-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food insecurity is a key barrier to improving global health and achieving sustainable development. Nearly 30% of the world's population experiences moderate or severe food insecurity, and rates of hunger have risen in recent years. Environmental change is a major factor driving this increase, as warming air and water temperatures, extreme weather, and land use change can threaten food production. We argue that an important, yet underexplored, pathway between environmental change and food insecurity is through aquatic conditions and fisheries. We focus on Malawi, which is heavily dependent on fish consumption and experiences high rates of food insecurity. By linking nationally representative household survey data from 2010 through 2020 to remotely-sensed chlorophyll and lake surface temperature data from Lake Malawi, we examine the relationship between changing aquatic conditions and food security among households located near the lakeshore. We find that warmer-than-average lake temperatures are negatively associated with multiple food security indicators including Food Consumption Score, self-reported adequacy of food consumption, consumption of dried fish, and consumption of animal protein during four of more days in the prior week. These findings provide insight into the linkages between environmental change, aquatic conditions, and population health, and can inform policies to reduce food insecurity, particularly among fisheries-dependent communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social differences in cause-specific infant mortality at the dawn of the demographic transition: New insights from German church records.","authors":"Michael Mühlichen, Gabriele Doblhammer","doi":"10.1007/s11111-025-00483-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11111-025-00483-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about social gradients in cause-specific infant mortality in the nineteenth century. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to explore this connection for the time prior to the epidemiologic and demographic transitions. We used the church records of Rostock, an important port city on the Baltic coast in northern Germany, and prepared and merged the baptismal and burial registers of its largest parish (St. Jakobi) for the periods 1815-1836 and 1859-1882. Based on individual-level data (<i>N</i> = 16,880), we classified the fathers' occupations into three social classes and estimated cause-specific infant mortality risks for these groups using event history analysis. We found a clear social gradient in neonatal and post-neonatal mortality. This gradient was driven by waterborne diseases and convulsions, suggesting severe nutritional and sanitation deficits among the lower social classes even before the city began to struggle with worsening living environments following industrialisation and population growth in the second half of the nineteenth century. Our results also suggest that deteriorating environmental conditions affect all parts of the population, leading to an increase of infant mortality rates in all social classes. Improvements in nutritional and sanitary conditions may thus reduce the risk of infant death from infectious diseases.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-025-00483-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"47 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrenchment under climate-driven risks in subsistence farming communities.","authors":"Nicolas Choquette-Levy, Dirgha Ghimire, Michael Oppenheimer, Rajendra Ghimire, Dil Ck","doi":"10.1007/s11111-025-00493-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11111-025-00493-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing climate risks introduce new sources of uncertainty to smallholder farmers' livelihood decisions. While farmers in different development contexts tend to accurately perceive long-term climatic trends, livelihood diversification as a climate resilience strategy has generally lagged behind awareness of climate risks. In this study, we investigate potential mechanisms behind this lagged response through a survey of 500 farming households in Nepal's Chitwan Valley, a region that is highly dependent on subsistence agriculture and highly exposed to several climate-driven hazards. Specifically, we employ a suite of cross-sectional and time series econometric techniques to analyze how farmers' information sources, social capital, and previous exposure to climate hazards shape climate risk perceptions and livelihood decisions. We find that climate-driven risks are highly salient to household perceptions of farming risks; however, they also drive higher perceived risks of common livelihood diversification strategies, including rural-urban migration and off-farm employment. Further, while farming households generally maintain diversified income portfolios, exposure to droughts and/or floods leads to persistent increases in the reliance on farming income, which we term a \"retrenchment\" response. We find evidence for both financial and psychological mechanisms behind this response, which may exacerbate environmentally driven poverty traps. Our results indicate that efforts to build farmers' resilience to climate risks should especially account for perceived risks of livelihood alternatives, financial constraints, and loss-averse behavior in response to income shocks.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-025-00493-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"47 2","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intergenerational grounding of women's environmental non-migration.","authors":"Bishawjit Mallick, Julia van den Berg","doi":"10.1007/s11111-025-00475-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11111-025-00475-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the impact of intergenerational learning and intellectual capital on women's voluntary decisions to remain in place despite environmental risks. By investigating how women experience the decision to stay through intergenerational knowledge transfer, we analyze the adaptability of communities facing climate-driven livelihood challenges and the intricate socio-ecological factors that tie individuals to their homes. Through life-story interviews with 70 women from 25 households in five environmental hazard-prone sites in Bangladesh, the study reveals nuanced patterns of traditional gender roles that both support and limit women's autonomy in making mobility choices. Although mobility decisions vary across site and scale, systemic issues such as arranged child marriage, financial instability, (traditional) home-bound duties, male authority over mobility decisions, and gendered expectations consistently emerged as barriers to women's (non-)migration, even when they aspired to leave. Thus, this research offers insights into gendered (non-)migration and its intergenerationality, which is inevitable in developing sustainable adaptation pathways.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-025-00475-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"47 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting and climate change: assessing carbon capability in early parenthood.","authors":"Sam Hampton, Elodie Taylor, Lorraine Whitmarsh","doi":"10.1007/s11111-025-00506-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11111-025-00506-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is an intergenerational issue, with parents uniquely positioned to influence both current emissions and future generations' environmental attitudes. This study explores the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours of parents in the UK regarding climate change, assessing their 'carbon capability'. Using data from a nationally representative survey (<i>n</i> = 1001), in-depth interviews (<i>n</i> = 30), and focus groups (<i>n</i> = 7), we found that parenthood is associated with increased energy consumption, transport use, and plastic waste. Despite these challenges, parents demonstrated a high capacity to influence and be influenced by others. They were aware of their environmental impacts and were open to adopting pro-environmental behaviours, driven by a desire to prepare and protect their children. Parents preferred timely information provision as a policy response but recognise the need for more substantive, structural interventions to support sustainable living. This study highlights the critical role of parents in climate action and calls for targeted policies to enhance their carbon capability. By applying the carbon capability framework, which integrates individual and structural factors, this research contributes to both parenting and environmental psychology literatures. Our findings underscore the importance of empowering parents with the knowledge and tools necessary to reduce their carbon footprints and foster a new generation of climate-conscious citizens.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-025-00506-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":47692,"journal":{"name":"Population and Environment","volume":"47 4","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}