Lung India最新文献

{"title":"Pneumothorax as first presentation of 'ABPA sans asthma'.","authors":"Preeyati Chopra, Rhea S Suares, Rishabh Deshwal, Kranti Garg","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_466_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_466_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>In patients with severe asthma with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), a variety of radiological manifestations are seen. Pleural involvement is rare, and a very few case reports of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax have been reported in the literature. Here, we report an even rarer case of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient of ABPA 'without asthma'.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"155-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race-specific to GLI multi-ethnic to race-neutral GLI Global prediction equations for spirometry - which is the right option for Indians?","authors":"Sunil K Chhabra","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_532_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_532_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"84-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic endometriosis syndrome diagnosed by dry thoracoscopy: Novel diagnostic method for a rare disease.","authors":"Parul Sharma, Saurabh Karmakar, Abdul Raouf Wani, Vinay Venugopal, Debapriyo Maji","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_576_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_576_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Endometriosis is an ectopic implantation of uterine tissue and can affect the thoracic cavity, resulting in Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome (TES). TES is rare and presents with catamenial pneumothorax, haemothorax, and hemoptysis, often coinciding with menstruation. We report a case of a 46-year-old female with a decade-long history of hemoptysis and periodic chest pain associated with her menstrual cycle. High-resolution CT scans revealed persistent pneumothorax and pleural nodules. A dry thoracoscopy was performed, and biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of TES through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. This case highlights the importance of considering TES in women with cyclic respiratory symptoms and demonstrates the diagnostic value of dry thoracoscopy in benign conditions of the pleura. Raising awareness among clinicians is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of TES, reducing patient morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"147-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newer research transforming 24-month treatment of MDR/XDR-TB TO 6 months.","authors":"Nitin Jain, Divyam Sharma, Nirmal Kumar Jain","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_431_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_431_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a global threat to public health and remains the second leading infectious cause of death from a single infectious agent in 2022. According to the global tuberculosis report 2023, an estimated 10.6 million people developed TB in 2022 and 1.3 million died from the disease. About 4,10,000 new cases of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) emerged in 2022. This huge burden has been recognised by World Health Organisation (WHO) by launching the End-TB strategy. The United Nations (UN) is committed to end TB epidemic globally by the year 2030; the aim is to reduce TB incidence by 80% and TB deaths by 90%. To eliminate the catastrophic cost, the Prime Minister of India has announced an ambitious plan to eliminate the TB in India by 2025, 5 years ahead of UN targets by ensuring quality health care and advanced treatment. Responding to the challenge of TB and drug-resistant tuberculosis, WHO is regularly issuing evidence-based guidelines using the International Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to assessment of new scientific evidence. Major advances have been reported in newer drugs and impact making research for new regimens in recent years. National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme has adopted effective interventions and technologies for diagnosis, treatment, and care of TB giving a new hope for elimination of TB. The present article reviews the new impact making research transforming traditional 18 to 24 months treatment of MDR/XDR TB to 6 months treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"140-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of RAPID score in parapneumonic effusion or empyema: A prospective study at a tertiary centre.","authors":"Deepak Kumar Suthawal, Govind Singh Rajawat, Suresh Koolwal, Komal Chaudhary","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_222_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_222_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study we evaluated the utility of RAPID score in Parapneumonic effusion and empyema. Both of which are most common causes of exudative pleural effusion and this score was developed by Rahman et al by using multicentre intrapleural trial 1[MIST1 and MIST2]. Most of the patients with parapneumonic effusion usually recovers but mortality rate still around 10% along with long hospital stay, surgical interventions requirement, morbidity (3-month follow up) despite of advances in treatment specially in empyema cases. For this reason, this study was done as there is no such study have done by anyone in our knowledge specially in India. After calculating RAPID score in pleural infection then patients were stratified in the different risk categories and association was compared with these risk categories with different variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective study at tertiary in which clinical utility of RAPID score in pleural infection in INDIAN population where tuberculosis infection is predominant. Baseline RAPID score was calculated on admission and stratified into risk category according to RAPID score. Primary outcome both mortality and morbidity, secondary outcome need of surgical interventions, length of hospital at 3-months in different risk category.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 120 patients were included in this study. Mortality was 7 (5.83%) in our study. Total 17 (14.17%) patients needed surgery and length of hospital study was compared in all three categories of RAPID score. Total 26 (21.67%) patients had <7 days and 94 (78.33%) >7 days hospital stays. Most common organism isolate was mycobacterium tuberculosis. RAPID score was compared in Tubercular And non-tubercular organisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prognostic utility of RAPID score is well established especially in non-tubercular organisms. Here, in our study management utility of RAPID score also found useful. It performs good some aspects in tubercular aetiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Stoned\" airways: Bilateral airway foreign body (pebble) aspiration following a road traffic accident.","authors":"Meenakshisundaram Arunachalam, Saurabh Mittal, Vijay Hadda, Anant Mohan, Karan Madan","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_457_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_457_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"164-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchodilator reversibility and eosinophilic biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.","authors":"H Ameet, Deependra K Rai, Saurabh Karmakar, Somesh Thakur, Mala Mahto, Priya Sharma, Rajesh Yadav, Vatsal Gupta","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_261_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_261_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is now one of the top three causes of death worldwide. Recently, increased focus has been on COPD patients displaying eosinophilic inflammation and asthma-like features of bronchial hyperreactivity and bronchodilator responsiveness. The objective of the study was to measure the proportion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with bronchodilator reversibility and to compare the eosinophilic biomarkers between the bronchodilator non-reversible and reversible groups.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This hospital-based cross-sectional study included COPD patients who visited the Pulmonary Medicine OPD at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna. Spirometry and eosinophilic biomarkers such as blood eosinophil, sputum eosinophil, FeNO, and serum IL-5 were measured. All statistical calculations were conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science 22 version (SPSS, Chicago, IL, United States).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 160 COPD patients were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 61 (±10) years. Males (68.1%) and non-smokers (55%) respectively were predominant. The prevalence of bronchodilator reversibility was found to be 32%. There was a significant difference in eosinophil biomarker levels, of sputum eosinophil count, peripheral eosinophil count, and FeNO levels between the bronchodilator non-reversible and bronchodilator reversible groups. Serum IL-5 levels were higher and more significant in GOLD group D patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Eosinophils are crucial to the underlying inflammatory response in this subset of COPD patients, as evidenced by the observation that eosinophil biomarkers were significantly higher in COPD patients with bronchodilator reversibility. Also, sputum eosinophil levels had a better correlation in comparison to peripheral eosinophil level in this subset.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological resolution of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised patients in North India.","authors":"Sayar Ahmad Pandit, Hazique P Koul, Saniya Saif","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_526_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_526_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infectious cause of death, and radiology is a corner stone of its management. No data are available from India regarding the radiological resolution of CAP in the current antibiotic era. We set out to study determine the radiological resolution of CAP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in a 1250-bedded North Indian hospital. Consecutive consenting adults admitted with CAP over a period of 2 years from July 2019 were enrolled for the study. The patients were subjected to routine investigations and radiological imaging and treated with standard antibiotic/antiviral therapy as per standard protocols and followed daily till clinical resolution and discharge from the hospital. Serial chest radiographs were taken at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after admission, and the follow-up terminated at either complete clinical or radiological resolution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>176 patients (age 20 to 90 years, median 60 years; 109 (61.9%) male) participated. Eighty-nine (50.6%) patients were current smokers. Chest radiographs revealed lobar consolidation as the most common finding (n = 97, 55.1%), followed by pulmonary infiltrates (n = 73, 41.5%) and pleural effusion (n = 6, 3.1%); 44 (25%) patients had multi-lobar consolidation The rates of radiological resolution at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks follow-up were 30%, 38.5% (cumulative 68.5%), 25.7% (cumulative 94.2%), and 5.9% (cumulative 100%) of patients, respectively. The average time taken for radiological resolution was 31.49 (±20.2) days in 70 cases, where documented. On multi-variate analysis, smoking was an independent factor for delayed radiological resolution (P = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radiological resolution of CAP occurs in the majority (68.5%) of the patients at 4 weeks from the time of clinical presentation, with smoking as an independent risk factor for delayed (>4 week) radiological resolution. Clinicians can wait for 4 weeks to document radiological recovery unless clinical features suggest otherwise.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"134-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement in radiologic findings over time is associated with increased survival in patients with viral ARDS requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.","authors":"Laura DiChiacchio, Ikeoluwapo Ibrahim, Alison Grazioli, Neda Bionghi, Kiran Batra, Sameer Chabbra, Nicholas Ladikos, Vaidehi Kaza, Srinivas Bollineni, Manish R Mohanka, Adrian Lawrence, Fernando Torres, Aldo Iacono, Daniel Herr, Irina Timofte","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_501_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_501_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) support is associated with chest radiograph changes commonly referred to as \"drowning ECMO lung\" ECMO lung presents as white-out of both lung fields, involving all lobes of the bilateral lungs. While the clinical significance of chest radiograph findings over time has been described in the general ARDS population, it has not been evaluated specifically in VV ECMO patients. This subpopulation suffers the most severe disease as well as the confounding effects of ECMO support.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We identified 28 patients requiring VV ECMO cannulation for influenza-related ARDS between September 2009 and January 2018. Interpretation of chest X-ray images was divided into zones that correspond to anatomical lobes on computed tomography. Progression of radiologic injury was assessed by analysing the number of zones involved on the chest radiograph (X-ray) at days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 from cannulation and discharge. The primary endpoint was survival to hospital discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of patients had complete opacification on days 1, 3, and 7 after VV ECMO cannulation. Patients with persistent complete opacification on chest X-ray infiltrate by day 14, following cannulation had an increased mortality. Survival to hospital discharge was increased in patients demonstrating improvement in radiological findings at day 19 compared to patients without significant radiologic improvement (100% vs 53%, log-rank P = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evolution and recovery of lung injury reflected by serial chest X-ray imaging studies after influenza-related ARDS requiring VV ECMO support is associated with improved survival in this single centre, retrospective cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"91-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of stool Xpert MTB/Rif assay in the diagnosis of pulmonary and abdominal tuberculosis in children - A study from Western India.","authors":"Ira Shah, Dhruv N Gandhi, Dhruv Mamtora, Meenakshi Dey, Suhani Jain, Sonal Patil, Maneesha D'souza, Sanjay Mattoo, Daksha Shah, Varsha Puri, Minnie Bodhanwala","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_528_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_528_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microbiological diagnosis of pediatric pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis remains difficult due to difficulty in specimen collection such as with sputum, gastric aspirates or intestinal biopsies. Stool Xpert MTB/Rif may be useful as specimen collection is non-invasive.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the sensitivity and specificity of Stool Xpert for the diagnosis of pulmonary or intestinal tuberculosis in Indian children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively compared the performance of stool Xpert, pulmonary sample Xpert (gastric lavage, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage), and Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) for 52 children with pulmonary, intestinal or disseminated tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty (57.7%) children had positive pulmonary Xpert results, while 17(32.7%) had positive stool Xpert results. The sensitivity and specificity of stool Xpert compared to pulmonary Xpert was 43.3% and 81.8%, respectively. On using MGIT as a reference, pulmonary Xpert had a higher sensitivity compared to stool Xpert (81.8% vs. 63.6%, respectively) but lower specificity (48.8%vs.75.6%, respectively). Kappa analysis showed fair agreement between stool and pulmonary Xpert results (0.23), and moderate agreement between stool and gastric lavage Xpert results (0.43). Stool Xpert was found to be equivalent to pulmonary Xpert in detecting tuberculosis in children younger than 5 years (36.4% in both; 4 children each tested positive out of 11). No patients with isolated intestinal tuberculosis had positive stool Xpert.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stool Xpert may serve as a supplementary diagnostic tool in paediatric tuberculosis, particularly in young children where specimen collection is difficult. However, its lower sensitivity compared to pulmonary samples limits its potential as a standalone test.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 2","pages":"115-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}