Lung India最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of radiographic pulmonary artery diameter and echocardiographic pulmonary artery pressure in COPD patients in South-West Nigeria.","authors":"Zuliat A Awoyemi, Faosat O Jinadu, Abimbola O Fasan-Odunsi, Abiola O Adekoya, Olayinka O Adeyeye, Folasade A Daniel","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_116_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_116_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Cardiac comorbidity is an important prognostic factor in chronic lung diseases. The presence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with higher morbidity and mortality, with an increased risk of exacerbations, compared with COPD patients without PH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty patients with COPD and sex and age-matched 120 non-COPD patients were enrolled. A mean right descending pulmonary artery diameter (RDPAD) on chest radiographs (CXR), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) on echocardiograms, and lung function on Spirometry were evaluated. Student t-test, Chi-square, and ANOVA were used to test these two groups' differences to determine PH. The Spearman correlation coefficient assessed the linear relationship between the mPAP and RDPAD, and the statistical significance was P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The subjects' mean RDPAD was higher than the controls, 15.48 ± 1.64 mm vs. 14.23 ± 1.44 mm (P value < 0.001), and higher in men than in women. The subjects' mean RDPAD significantly increased with the severity of COPD (P = 0.007) and increasing body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.032). The subjects' median mPAP was higher than the controls (U = -5.490, P < 0.001), with higher values in the women. A significant correlation was found between the RDPAD on CXR and the mPAP from echocardiograms (r = 0.263, P < 0.001), with a PH prediction accuracy of 81%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated that RDPAD on the CXR significantly correlates with echocardiography-estimated mPAP, and they are diagnostic tools good enough to predict PH in COPD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age.","authors":"Ira Shah, Dhruv N Gandhi, Ramsha Ansari, Himanshu Warse, Sachi Kalawadia, Tsering Yangchen, Daksha Shah, Varsha Puri, Sanjay Mattoo, Minnie Bodhanwala","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_609_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_609_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>This study evaluates the treatment outcomes and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of longer oral bedaquiline (BDQ)-based (without delamanid) antitubercular therapy (ATT) regimens in children aged 5-18 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted between June 2021 and February 2024. We included 105 children diagnosed with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and treated with longer oral BDQ-based regimens. Duration of treatment was based on clinico-radiological resolution and multiple ADRs. Data on demographics, clinical features, resistance patterns, treatment regimens, outcomes, and adverse effects were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 11.29 ± 3.20 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.42:1. Prior ATT exposure was reported in 61 (58.1%), with previous treatment failure in 34 (55.7% of those with prior exposure) patients. BDQ was administered for a median duration of 6 months, with 14 (13.33%) requiring extension. BMLCC (bedaquiline-moxifloxacin-linezolid-cycloserine-clofazimine) regimen was received by 61 (58.1%), and BLCC ± additional drugs (bedaquiline-linezolid-clofazimine-cycloserine) regimen was received by 30 (28.6%) patients. Treatment completion was achieved in 75 (71.43%) patients with a mean duration of 22.50 ± 7.50 months, of which 35 (46.67%) required treatment for 18 months, 32 (42.67%) required treatment for more than 18 months, and 8 (10.67%) patients required treatment stoppage before 18 months in view of multiple ADRs. Fifty-one (48.6%) patients had ADRs, including QTc prolongation in 25 (23.8%), psychosis 11 (10.5%), and vomiting 7 (6.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BDQ-based regimens are effective in treating pediatric DR-TB, with high treatment completion rates. However, the duration of treatment is 18 months or longer in most patients based on clinico-radiological resolution. ADRs, particularly QTcF prolongation, warrant close monitoring and follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"330-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary nocardiosis: Α threat in the near future for immunocompetent individuals?","authors":"Vasileios Papavasileiou, Ilektra Voulgareli, Vasileios Paraschou, Stelios Loukides, Vasileios Tzilas","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_76_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_76_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"381-383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tongue scalloping as a sign of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: Clinical and polysomnographic insights.","authors":"Lalitkumar B Patel, Maitri M Patel, Dhara K Patel, Dhruvkumar M Patel, Stuti P Shah, Vensi A Patel, Mukundkumar V Patel","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_110_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_110_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), but identifying clinical markers can aid early detection. Tongue scalloping (TS) indicates upper airway obstruction, but its diagnostic significance in OSAS requires further exploration. The present study was to assess the prevalence of TS in individuals with obesity and high-risk features of sleep-disordered breathing and to evaluate its correlation with polysomnographic parameters compared to snoring and daytime somnolence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational cross-sectional study included 1261 participants, of whom 250 were diagnosed with OSAS via PSG. Demographic, clinical, and polysomnographic data were analyzed to compare OSAS and non-OSAS groups, as well as OSAS patients with and without TS. Diagnostic accuracy measures, including sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, were calculated for TS, snoring, and daytime somnolence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OSAS patients were significantly older and had a higher prevalence of snoring, smoking, and daytime somnolence. TS was observed in 39.6% of OSAS patients compared to 20.5% of non-OSA participants (P < 0.001). TS exhibited moderate specificity (79.5%) and a high negative predictive value (84.2%) for OSAS diagnosis. It showed the highest specificity for nocturnal desaturation (84%) and had a high positive predictive value (90%). Logistic regression identified smoking, TS, snoring, daytime somnolence, higher neck circumference, body mass index, and waist-to-height ratio as independent OSAS predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TS is a valuable clinical marker for OSAS, particularly in high-risk individuals. Combined with established clinical features, it can enhance non-invasive screening and aid in early detection and diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"299-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and covariates of chronic respiratory disorders among middle-aged Bangladeshi people: A rural community-based study.","authors":"Rashidul Hassan, Iqbal Hasan, Abdullah H K Khan, Liaquat Ali, Jannatul Nayeem","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_23_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_23_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) and their covariates have not yet been investigated in community settings of Bangladesh where the risk of the disorder is fast increasing due to adverse environmental, sociodemographic, and behavioural shifts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, the prevalence of CRDs and their socioenvironmental and behavioural risk factors have been explored in a rural Bangladeshi community.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A group of 1224 rural Bangladeshi adults, aged 34-65 years, were screened for CRDs using a locally adapted version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Questionnaire as well as by tools covering self-reported and/or prescription/medical record-based diagnoses of CRDs. Spirometry (by hand-held portable device) was done among CRD symptom-positive (CRDS+) subjects (n = 742), and individual CRDs [COPD, Bronchial Asthma, and Restrictive Lung Disease (RLD)] were identified following standard guidelines. Some metabolic biomarkers (OGTT, lipid profile, SGPT, and S Creatinine) were assessed among the spirometrically diagnosed CRD cases (n = 142).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on spirometry, 19% of the non-spirometry tool-based CRD symptom-positive subjects had one or more CRDs. Higher age (P < 0.001), male gender (P < 0.001), lower BMI (P < 0.001), and exposure to cooking fuel-generated smoke (P = 0.003) were found (both on bivariate and multivariate analyses) to be the significant risk factors. The spirometry-positive CRD subjects were found to be distributed almost equally (COPD, 7%; asthma, 5%; and restrictive, 7%). COPD was found to be more common among males than females (72% vs 28%), but females showed more vulnerability to restrictive disorders (61% vs 39%). The two genders did not differ in proportions of asthma. Lower BMI was associated with COPD; on the contrary, people in higher BMI ranges suffered more from asthma and restrictive disorders. COPD was also found to be associated with tobacco smoking (P = 0.05). No significant difference among the three groups was found regarding any metabolic biomarker.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>About one-fifth of rural Bangladeshi middle-aged people with respiratory symptoms suffer from one or more CRDs. Higher age, male gender, lower BMI, exposure to cooking fuel-generated smoke, and tobacco smoking are the major risk factors of CRDs among rural Bangladeshis with varying contributions to individual diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"315-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bleeding track sign during endobronchial ultrasound: A signal for caution.","authors":"Manoj K Goel, Ajay Kumar, Gargi Maitra, Lakshay Mehta","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_645_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_645_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"380-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic accuracy of whole lung perfusion blood volume as a predictor of 28-day mortality in acute pulmonary thromboembolism - A prospective study.","authors":"Kundan Nikit Mehta, R S Lekshmi, M S Barthwal","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_59_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_59_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"387-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EBUS-TBNA needles: A path to affordable safety.","authors":"Abhinav Choubey, Alkesh K Khurana","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_112_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_112_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"281-282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presentation of sarcoidosis as vocal cord palsy - A case series and review of literature.","authors":"Arjun Khanna, Pradeep Bajad, Satyam Agrawal, Swadha Jain, V P Rasheeka, Sourabh Pahuja","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_612_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_612_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcoidosis, is a complex multisystemic disease of unknown aetiology, which manifests via a variety of symptoms frequently affecting multiple organs. Vocal cord paralysis is rarely reported with Sarcoidosis. There have been very few case report of patients presenting with vocal cord palsy due to mediastinal lymphadenopathy causing compression of recurrent laryngeal nerve. We hereby report a case series of 3 patients presenting with vocal cord palsy due to recurrent laryngeal nerve compression by enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes due to Sarcoidosis and also reviewed the supporting literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"367-370"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated MAPCAs - A rare cause of hemoptysis in an adolescent.","authors":"Akriti Gera, Amit Misri, Pankaj Bajpai, Shefali Yadav","doi":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_201_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_201_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47462,"journal":{"name":"Lung India","volume":"42 4","pages":"385-386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}