{"title":"Maurice Rupert Bishop: A Biographical Essay","authors":"Curtis Jacobs","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251340088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251340088","url":null,"abstract":"Scion of one of Grenada’s oldest, best-known, most distinguished families, Maurice Rupert Bishop (1944-1983) has been, since his death, inextricably linked with the origins, course and conclusion of the Grenada Revolution (1979-83). This biographical essay attempts to recreate the major events of his personal history, as well as the historical background that shaped his personality. Descendiente de una de las familias más antiguas, conocidas y distinguidas de Granada, Maurice Rupert Bishop (1944-1983) ha estado, desde su muerte, inextricablemente vinculado con los orígenes, el desarrollo y el desenlace de la Revolución de Granada (1979-1983). Este ensayo biográfico intenta reconstruir los principales acontecimientos de su historia personal, así como el contexto histórico que moldeó su personalidad.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dread Culture and Memory in (Post) Revolutionary Grenada","authors":"Candia Mitchell Hall","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251337712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251337712","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the Dread culture that emerged during and after the Grenada Revolution through the lens of a pro-revolutionary song and memorial inscription to assess how different memories commemorate the event. This paper puts forth the central argument that Dread culture signifies a resistive memory aesthetic that define the people’s experiences with the Grenada Revolution. It locates organic, nostalgic, and uncomfortable memories that permit access to the revolutionary self through textual aesthetics and memory texts. These memory texts convey diverse meanings of the people’s revolutionary experiences, contradictions, and eruptions of identity and re-memory forty years after the Grenada Revolution. Este artículo examina la cultura Dread que surgió durante y después de la Revolución de Granada, a través del análisis de una canción pro-revolucionaria y una inscripción conmemorativa, con el fin de evaluar cómo distintas memorias rememoran dicho acontecimiento. El artículo sostiene como argumento central que la cultura Dread representa una estética de la memoria resistente que define las experiencias del pueblo con respecto a la Revolución de Granada. Identifica memorias orgánicas, nostálgicas e incómodas que permiten el acceso al yo revolucionario mediante estéticas textuales y textos de memoria. Estos textos de memoria transmiten significados diversos sobre las experiencias revolucionarias del pueblo, sus contradicciones y las irrupciones de identidad y re-memoria, cuarenta años después de la Revolución de Granada.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Transition in Search of Democracy: Democratic Stagnation and Resurgent Authoritarianism in Paraguay","authors":"Arturo Ezquerro-Cañete","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251337695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251337695","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a special issue on Paraguay’s stalled democratization and enduring authoritarian legacies following the fall of Alfredo Stroessner’s dictatorship. Despite formal political reforms, the country remains dominated by elite rule, institutional fragility, and clientelist governance, reinforced by the near-continuous hegemony of the Colorado Party. The article surveys key turning points in the post-Stroessner period, explores the resurgence of authoritarianism under Cartismo, and outlines four themes addressed in the issue: authoritarian legacies and political patronage; state capture by economic elites; the rise of agro-extractivism; and grassroots struggles for land and democracy. Together, the contributions offer a critical reassessment of Paraguay’s post-dictatorship trajectory and shed light on the structural forces driving persistent democratic stagnation.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Return of Enclaves in Paraguay: Variants of Extractivism","authors":"Ramón Fogel","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251338034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251338034","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses development theories concerning agro-extractivism, providing a perspective from the Global South based on a brief historical and current review of Paraguay’s relationships with international markets These types of relationships are referred to as enclave economies; the concept denotes the exploitation of natural resources without ties (or with very weak ones) to national economies. Prominent features of enclave economies include the use of physical coercion and the submission of the nation-state to extraterritorial powers, facilitated by local elites lacking development projects of their own. This theoretical concept continues to be useful in both understanding current processes and avoiding their reproduction in emerging contexts. El trabajo busca contribuir a la discusión sobre teorías del desarrollo y más específicamente acerca del agro extractivismo, mirando desde el Sur Global, en base a una breve revisión histórica y actual de formas de conexión con los mercados internacionales que se dieron y se dan hoy en el Paraguay. Este tipo de conexión fue caracterizado en la teoría de la dependencia como economías de enclave; el concepto connota una forma de explotación de recursos naturales sin vínculos, o con vínculos muy débiles con las economías nacionales. Se destacan el uso de coerción física y la sumisión del Estado nacional a poderes extraterritoriales, facilitada por su captura por élites locales carentes de un proyecto de desarrollo propio. La categoría sigue siendo útil para la comprensión de procesos actuales y para evitar su reproducción en contextos emergentes.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chart-gazing Farmers and Agribusiness Co-ops: On the Mediating Role of Cooperative Organizations in Paraguay’s Soybean Complex","authors":"Esteban Sabbatasso","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251335965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251335965","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the shifting rural social relations in Paraguay’s soybean complex, with a specific focus on the role of farmer cooperatives in the commercialization of Paraguay's agriculture. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in the departments of Itapúa and southern Alto Paraná in 2021 and 2022, this paper adopts an agrarian political economy perspective to argue that cooperatives in Paraguay serve as a stabilizing force by buffering against farming risk and mitigating the rise of reproduction costs. This dynamic allows for the differential incorporation of medium and some small-scale farmers, while contributing to the consolidation of the hegemonic export-oriented agri-food system, with all its associated implications. The article also contextualizes the analysis of contemporary cooperatives by providing a historical overview of the uneven development and concomitant regional variations in Paraguay’s soybean agriculture, and engages with broader historical debates on the potential of cooperative organizations in a capitalist context.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unchained: A Caribbean Woman’s Journey through Invasion, Incarceration, and Liberation CoardPhyllisUnchained: A Caribbean Woman’s Journey through Invasion, Incarceration, and Liberation.","authors":"Maziki Thame","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251337710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251337710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Oyhantçabal Benelli, Soledad Figueredo Rolle, Lucía Sabia Suárez, Valdemar João Wesz Junior
{"title":"Foreign Capital in the Paraguayan Chaco","authors":"Gabriel Oyhantçabal Benelli, Soledad Figueredo Rolle, Lucía Sabia Suárez, Valdemar João Wesz Junior","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251334134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251334134","url":null,"abstract":"During the first two decades of the twenty-first century, the Paraguayan Chaco suffered profound social, productive, and ecological transformations due to investments that, through deforestation, expanded the agricultural frontier for the production of livestock and grains. This article analyzes the factors that made the Paraguayan Chaco an attractive location for capitalist expansion as well as the historical characteristics of this passage of land into foreign hands. The major findings demonstrate that this movement of capital is due to the Chaco’s situation as a commodities frontier area with policies favorable to foreign investment in Paraguay, making it a haven for foreign capital. En las primeras décadas del siglo XXI el Chaco paraguayo atravesó profundas transformaciones sociales, productivas y ecológicas con la expansión de inversores que, deforestación mediante, expandieron la frontera agropecuaria para la producción de ganado y granos. Este artículo analiza qué motivos volvieron al Chaco paraguayo un destino atractivo para la expansión capitalista y qué particularidades históricas tiene este proceso de extranjerización de la tierra. Los principales resultados muestran que este movimiento de capitales resulta de la condición de frontera de commodities del Chaco y de las políticas favorables a la inversión extranjera en Paraguay que lo vuelven un refugio para capitales extranjeros.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Much More Than Just Economic: The Political Construction of Agricultural Livestock Trade Associations in Paraguay","authors":"Magdalena López","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251332003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251332003","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes Paraguayan economic elites and the construction of their political practices, based on the study of three livestock agricultural sector business organizations: the Union of Production Trade Associations, the Rural Association of Paraguay, and the Paraguayan Chamber of Exporters and Marketers of Cereals and Oilseeds. The article examines the political profile of the groups, whose original capital was economic, with the goal of shedding light on their strategies and mechanisms of politicization within the sector (initially organizing in business associations aiming to gain political influence) and outside the sector (in relation to governments and political parties). Este artículo analiza a las élites económicas paraguayas y la construcción de sus prácticas políticas, a partir del estudio de tres organizaciones empresariales del sector agropecuario-ganadero: la Unión de Gremios de la Producción, la Asociación Rural del Paraguay y la Cámara Paraguaya de Exportadores y Comercializadores de Cereales y Oleaginosas. El artículo examina el perfil político de estos grupos, cuyo capital inicial fue de carácter económico, con el objetivo de arrojar luz sobre sus estrategias y mecanismos de politización tanto dentro del sector (organización inicial en gremios empresariales con fines de influencia política) como fuera de él (en relación con los gobiernos y los partidos políticos).","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regime Change and Alternancia Clientelar: From Monopolistic to Pluralistic Clientelism in Post-Stroessner Paraguay","authors":"Gustavo Setrini","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251327412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251327412","url":null,"abstract":"Clientelism is a deeply ingrained informal political institution in Paraguay and a source of continuity relative to political reforms and social and demographic changes, particularly democratization and the advent of electoral party alternation. This article examines Paraguay’s post-dictatorial politics (1992-2023), engaging with critical juncture and institutional change theory to analyze continuity and evolution in clientelist political systems. It argues that formal democratization, rather than eliminating the informal practice of clientelism, produced a process of gradual institutional conversion from a monopolistic form of clientelism to a more competitive and ideologically pluralistic form of clientelist interest representation in Paraguay.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ayoreo Culture Portrayed in New Documentary Apenas el sol (Nothing but the Sun), Directed by UllónArami, Paraguay, 2020.","authors":"Sophie M. Lavoie","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251330600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251330600","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}