Latin American Perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Subtle Green Grabbing? The Extractive Dimensions of Carbon Offsetting","authors":"Andrea Rizzi","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251377000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251377000","url":null,"abstract":"Among the subtlest forms of contemporary “green grabbing” are carbon offsetting ventures, as most nature-based carbon credits are issued in tropical countries through carbon forestry projects. While it may appear less problematic than the seizing of tangible land, the “scramble for carbon” unleashed by global “green” agendas implies new de facto enclosures—often on Indigenous land—and requires the disciplining of forest communities. Drawing on research in the Colombian Amazon, this paper brings into relief the territorial and extractive dimensions of carbon offsetting, as well as the forms of resistance it generates. Entre las formas más sutiles del “acaparamiento verde” contemporáneo destacan los negocios de compensación de emisiones del carbono, ya que la mayoría de los bonos del carbono basados en la naturaleza se producen en países tropicales mediante proyectos de reforestación. Aunque a primera vista puedanparecer menos problemático que la apropiación tangible de tierras, la “carrera por el carbono” desatada por las agendas climáticas globales conlleva nuevos cercamientos de facto —a menudo en tierras indígenas— y requiere disciplinar las comunidades rurales. Basándose en investigaciones realizadas en la Amazonía colombiana, este artículo pone de relieve las dimensiones territoriales y extractivas de los proyectos de compensación de emisiones de carbono, así como las formas de resistencia que generan.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saving Indigenous Children? The Government of Childhood and the Coloniality of Development in Amazonia","authors":"Thaís de Carvalho","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251372484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251372484","url":null,"abstract":"The moral imperative of “saving” Indigenous children has been historically used as a tool to facilitate land appropriation in Amazonia. This paper examines how three types of child-centered interventions—early colonial tutelage, state schools, and conditional cash transfers—have contributed to reinforcing development models that threaten Indigenous livelihoods. Drawing insights from governmentality and decolonial studies, this literature review foregrounds the interplay between child saviorism, land dispossession, and predatory extractivism in Amazonia. The paper concludes by calling for the integration of Indigenous perspectives in social policies to challenge the colonial legacy of child-centered development.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absolution of Expropriation: Dynamics of Extractivism Within Protected Areas in the Amazon","authors":"Ana Carolina Alfinito, Brian Garvey, Hugo Gravina Affonso, Maurício Torres, Yamila Goldfarb","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251367301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251367301","url":null,"abstract":"This article brings into dialogue the theoretical foundations of “so-called primitive accumulation” with the politics of public land designation in the Brazilian Amazon to investigate how areas intended for environmental protection and for the self-determination of Indigenous and traditional peoples are converted into spaces for capital accumulation. It analyzes two Amazonian territories affected by the predatory appropriation of protected areas: the Saracá-Taquera National Forest, created to protect mining and logging operations against the demands of traditional communities, and the Terra Nossa Sustainable Development Project, a land reform settlement that was established on a reduced Indigenous land to be handed over to loggers, land grabbers, and transnational mining companies. Based on these cases, the article shows how protective land tenure designations are manipulated by companies and the state in ways that lead to the exoneration of illegal expropriation and to the establishment of institutional conditions that facilitate the expansion of contemporary extractive regimes. Este artigo estabelece um diálogo entre os fundamentos teóricos da acumulação primitiva e as políticas de destinação de terras públicas na Amazônia brasileira para investigar como áreas destinadas à proteção ambiental e à autodeterminação dos povos tradicionais são convertidas em espaços de acumulação de capital. O texto analisa dois territórios amazônicos afetados pela apropriação predatória de áreas protegidas: a Floresta Nacional de Saracá-Taquera, criada para proteger operações de mineração e extração madeireira contra as demandas das comunidades tradicionais, e o Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Terra Nossa, um assentamento de reforma agrária criado em cima de uma terra indígena reduzida para ser entregue a madeireiros, grileiros e empresas transnacionais de mineração. Com base nesses casos, o artigo mostra como regimes fundiários e territoriais protetivos são manipulados por empresas e pelo estado de forma a absolver a expropriação ilegal e estabelecer condições institucionais que facilitam a expansão de regimes extrativistas contemporâneos.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144983299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation Artifacts: Conservation and Climate Governance with Indigenous Amazonian Communities","authors":"Maritza Paredes, Anke Kaulard, Danitza Gil","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251367784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251367784","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous participation is increasingly recognized as critical for effective climate change governance. However, a gap persists between global commitments and their implementation at local levels. This paper examines the challenges of participation in forest conservation initiatives, particularly how “participation artifacts”—tools, methodologies, and mechanisms designed to facilitate participatory processes—shape Indigenous inclusion in climate governance. Drawing on Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory, we investigate how these artifacts mediate power dynamics and influence decision-making processes. Through a mixed-methods approach including interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, we find that participation artifacts often create the appearance of inclusion while reproducing the marginalization of Indigenous communities. Despite the presence of advanced participatory mechanisms, these processes fail to address Indigenous priorities and perspectives effectively, perpetuating political and social exclusion. Instead of contributing to climate justice, such mechanisms maintain power imbalances, undermine Indigenous autonomy, and jeopardize access to forests, which are essential for Indigenous livelihoods. Findings highlight the urgent need to move beyond mere technical compliance with participatory norms toward a more genuine engagement with Indigenous knowledge, leadership, and priorities. La participación indígena es cada vez más reconocida como un componente fundamental para una gobernanza climática efectiva. No obstante, persiste una brecha entre los compromisos asumidos a nivel global y su implementación en los ámbitos locales. Este artículo analiza los desafíos que plantea la participación en las iniciativas de conservación forestal, con especial énfasis en el modo en que los “artefactos de participación” —herramientas, metodologías y mecanismos diseñados para facilitar procesos participativos— configuran la inclusión indígena en la gobernanza del clima. A partir de la teoría del actor-red de Bruno Latour, se examina cómo dichos artefactos median las dinámicas de poder e inciden en los procesos de toma de decisiones. Mediante un enfoque metodológico mixto que incluye entrevistas, observación participante y análisis documental, se observa que los artefactos de participación suelen generar una apariencia de inclusión que, en realidad, reproduce la marginación de las comunidades indígenas. A pesar de la existencia de avanzados mecanismos participativos, estos procesos no logran incorporar de manera efectiva las prioridades ni las perspectivas indígenas, perpetuando así su exclusión política y social. En lugar de promover la justicia climática, dichos mecanismos tienden a preservar los desequilibrios de poder, socavar la autonomía indígena y poner en riesgo el acceso a los bosques, fundamentales para sus medios de vida. Los hallazgos evidencian la necesidad urgente de trascender el cumplimiento meramente técnico de las norm","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144983298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yasuní: the Tribulations of an Enduring History From Official Failure to Complex Popular Triumph","authors":"Alberto Acosta","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251368900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251368900","url":null,"abstract":"The 2007 official proposition to suspend oil exploitation in the Yasuní National Park area of the Ecuadorian Amazon was received with astonishment and resistance across national and international power spheres. Transforming entrenched visions and practices—even after their errors and ineffectiveness have been proven—will always be a complex task. The Yasuní-ITT Initiative, which sought international compensation in exchange for environmental protection of the region, took six years of planning. Although it was eventually rejected on a national, executive level, it was reactivated by civil society. What proves so surprising nowadays is that this proposal, which fundamentally lacks international support and exists in defiance of ongoing oil exploitation, continues as the express will of the Ecuadorian people. Following up on this decision will require renewed social commitment given how powerful the opposing forces are. Cuando se la propuso oficialmente en el 2007, la idea de no explotar petróleo en un sector de la Amazonía del Ecuador causó estupor y muchas resistencias en espacios de poder dentro y fuera del país. Romper visiones y prácticas arraigadas, aunque se demuestren sus errores y su inutilidad, siempre será una tarea compleja. La Iniciativa Yasuní-ITT, que buscaba una compensación internacional, se proyectó durante 6 años. Luego, cuando fracasó en el ámbito oficial, se reactivó impulsada desde la sociedad civil. Lo sorprendente ahora es que esta propuesta, sin que haya contribución internacional de por medio y cuando ya está en marcha la explotación petrolera, debería hacerse realidad gracias a la voluntad del pueblo ecuato Dar seguimiento a esta decisión exigirá un renovado compromiso social, habida cuenta de la magnitud de las fuerzas opositoras.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fighting Violence Against Women in the Brazilian Amazon: Protecting the Forest and the People Who Inhabit Her","authors":"Louisa Acciari, Concita Maia Manchineri, Benedita Nascimento, Helen Parrella","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251367698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251367698","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a reflection on decolonial and feminist struggles in the Brazilian Amazon. Less often categorized as a conflict-affected area, the Amazon is, nonetheless, faced with constant violence, from feminicide to deforestation, land invasions and attacks on Indigenous peoples. Based on the unique training experience “Advocacy in Gender, Race and Ethnicity,” led by the Instituto Mulheres da Amazônia (Institute Women of the Amazon -, IMA) between 2021 and 2022, we propose an understanding of violence against women as being part of a continuum and use the concept of body-territory to connect environmental issues to bodies, livelihoods and territories. We highlight the intersectional approach of IMA, and contend that racism and access to land are crucial aspects of the continuum of violence. Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre as lutas decoloniais e feministas na Amazônia brasileira. Embora raramente seja categorizada como uma área afetada por conflitos, a região amazônica enfrenta, contudo, formas constantes de violência, que vão do feminicídio ao desmatamento, passando por invasões de terras e ataques contra povos indígenas. Com base na experiência formativa singular do curso “Advocacy em Gênero, Raça e Etnia”, promovido pelo Instituto Mulheres da Amazônia (IMA) entre 2021 e 2022, propomos compreender a violência contra as mulheres como parte de um contínuo, e utilizamos o conceito de <jats:italic>corpo-território</jats:italic> para articular questões ambientais aos corpos, modos de vida e territórios. Destacamos a abordagem interseccional adotada pelo IMA e defendemos que o racismo e o acesso à terra constituem dimensões cruciais desse contínuo de violência.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“The Forest is Burning, Call the Police!” Challenges to Governing the Security-Development-Environment Nexus in the Amazon Basin","authors":"Laura Trajber Waisbich","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251366305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251366305","url":null,"abstract":"Across the Amazon Basin, deforestation and violence are out of control. This paper unpacks the unfolding law-enforcement and illegality crisis in the Brazilian Amazon through the lenses of a security-development-environment nexus. The paper analyses twenty years (2003-2023) of policy and political responses by the Brazilian federal government to the Amazon problem, highlighting the challenges to build and sustain governance arrangements to deal with the nexus, including tensions and unease related to the security dimension of the crisis, lack of policy coherence regarding sustainable development, the challenges of political alternance, and unresolved civil-military relations dilemmas. O desmatamento e a violência estão fora de controle na Bacia Amazônica. Este artigo analisa a crise de ilegalidade e cumprimento da lei na Amazônia brasileira sob a ótica do nexo entre segurança, desenvolvimento e meio ambiente. O artigo analisa vinte anos (2003-2023) de respostas e políticas do governo federal brasileiro à Questão Amazônica, destacando os desafios para construir e sustentar arranjos de governança para lidar com este nexo. Com destaque para as tensões e ambivalências relacionadas à dimensão securitária da crise, a falta de coerência política na promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável, os desafios de alternância política e os dilemas, todavia presentes, na relação civil-militar na gestão da região.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Farewell To Class Struggle? AntunesRicardoFarewell to Work? Essays on the World of Work’s Metamorphoses and Centrality. Studies in Critical Social Sciences 198. Translated by Murillo van der Laan and others. Boston: Brill/Chicago: Haymarket, 2022.","authors":"Cliff Welch","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251363996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251363996","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sounds, Silences, and Cultural Memory: An Analysis of the Artistic Performances Held during the “Grenada Revolution: 40 years After” 2019 Conference","authors":"Antonia MacDonald","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251351284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251351284","url":null,"abstract":"Using cultural memory studies as my guiding framework, this essay explores how memories of the Grenada Revolution are shared across generations. Arguing that the lack of education and the absence of public sites of memory result in the withholding of recollections of the Grenada Revolution, I analyze these issues in the context of the artistic representations of the Grenada Revolution as portrayed in the poetry, dance, and drumming youth-participation events which formed the entertainment program of the Grenada Revolution 40 years after: Commemoration, Celebration and Critique Conference. Critiquing the dominant militaristic symbols and imagery characterizing these cultural pieces, I argue for a continual creative enactment of the positives of the Grenada Revolution and suggest that the lively noises of these artistic expressions will serve as a viable means of creating cultural memory.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"34 1","pages":"107-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The 2016 Colombian Peace Agreement and Colonial Continuities”","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/0094582x251358172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x251358172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"10 1","pages":"242-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}