Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Poor Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Frailty Among PLWHIV: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Larissa Souza Santos-Lins, Monah Sampaio Santos, Sávio Amaral, Carlos Roberto Brites Alves, Liliane Lins-Kusterer","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_65_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_65_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to explore the association between frailty and pre-frailty in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHIV), focusing on their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 184 PLWHIV. Frailty status was assessed using Fried's frailty criteria, categorizing participants as robust, pre-frail, or frail. The oral health profile was evaluated using the World Health Organization and European Association of Public Dental Health criteria. OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), while HRQoL was measured using the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and associations were analyzed using Spearman's correlation and one-way ANOVA, with significance set at <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pre-frail and frail PLWHIV groups reported significantly lower HRQoL scores across all domains compared to the robust group. Additionally, robust PLWHIV exhibited better oral health outcomes, with higher mean OHIP-14 scores (<i>P</i> = 0.005), attributed to fewer missing teeth (<i>P</i> = 0.019) and a higher number of filled teeth (<i>P</i> = 0.031). The total OHIP-14 score showed a moderate negative correlation with various SF-36v2 domains, particularly in the pre-frail and frail groups. Specifically, physical pain and physical disability subdomains of HRQoL were most affected by poorer OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frail and pre-frail PLWHIV demonstrated significantly poorer OHRQoL compared to robust PLWHIV, with a particular impact on physical pain and physical disability. A negative correlation between OHRQoL and HRQoL was evident, especially in the frail and pre-frail groups, highlighting the interrelationship between oral health and overall well-being in this population. Clinically, this suggests that improving OHRQoL could be an essential component of healthcare for frail and pre-frail PLWHIV, as enhancing oral health may positively influence their general health outcomes. Targeted interventions to manage frailty and improve oral health are needed to enhance both OHRQoL and HRQoL in this vulnerable group.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"515-522"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Rubber Dam Use among Tunisian Dentists: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Meriem Fejjeri, Ahmed Mezghanni, Sabra Jaafoura, Hedia Bellali","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_126_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_126_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Despite its undeniable advantages, the rubber dam (RD) is still struggling to claim its rightful place as the most effective used isolation tool in endodontics. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of RD use during endodontic treatment and to identify factors associated with its use by Tunisian dentists.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted. An online Google Form was emailed to a sample of Tunisian dentists, randomly selected from the National Dental Council register. It contains 33 questions divided into five parts: demographic characteristics, general endodontic practice, clinical applications of RD, reasons for not using RD, and alternative methods. The sample size, comprising 300 dentists, was calculated considering a previous prevalence. Chi-square/Fisher exact tests and <i>t</i> test have been used to investigate factors influencing RD use. For the multivariable analysis, we used binary logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 174 respondents, 56.3% were women, with a mean age of 37.7 ± 6.6 years. Seventy-three percent did not have postgraduate training on RD placement. Seventy-one percent reported never using RD for root canal treatments (RCTs) during undergraduate study. Forty-four percent used it with variable frequencies. In the univariable analysis, the number of RCTs per week, years of experience, duration of endodontic sessions, age, pre-endodontic buildup, and undergraduate training were associated with RD use. In the logistic regression, the duration of endodontic sessions [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.053; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.023-1.083; <i>P</i> < 10^-3] and the undergraduate training (adjusted OR = 4.625; 95% CI = [1.88-11.378]; <i>P</i> = 0.001) were associated with RD use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of RD by Tunisian dentists during endodontic procedures is not common. RD application is associated with the duration of the endodontic session and the undergraduate training. Greater emphasis should be placed on the application of RD at dental school and in clinical practice through continuous dental education programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"461-468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Mandibular Position on Visual Capacities: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Alessandro Marchesi, Dorothea Bellini, Clarita Pellegrini, Alessandro Rizzi, Roberto Marchesi, Andrea Sardella","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_191_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_191_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To verify the possible association between the stomatognathic and the visual system by analyzing the effects that different mandibular postures may have on the accommodative capacity and ocular convergence and by assessing whether temporomandibular disorders (TMD) can influence visual abilities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A case-control study was performed during a 1-year period on a sample of 100 subjects (50 cases and 50 controls). The subjects underwent a gnathological examination, and two visual tests were performed in three different jaw positions: maximum intercuspation, resting position, and open mouth. The statistical analyses were performed using the software SPSS program based on <i>t-</i>test to compare the different jaw positions and the odds ratio to understand the prevalence of visual defects in TMD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant worsening was observed comparing the visual capacities measurements from the maximum intercuspation to the open mouth position; \"case group\" measurements showed a worsening trend compared to the \"control group\" (<i>P</i> value < 0.05 in all comparisons). Furthermore, the examinations showed statistically significant results with reference to the relationship between TMD and their negative influence on visual abilities (<i>P</i> value = 0.007 for convergence and <i>P</i> value = 0.012 for accommodation).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on our data, TMD individuals performed worse in vision tests compared to healthy subjects and the presence of occlusal contacts appears to improve convergence and accommodation. The reduced reproducibility and accuracy of the orthoptic tests and the small sample number were the principal limitations of our study. The future perspective could be to investigate whether the visual apparatus could benefit from the treatment of stomatognathic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"506-514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oral Health Perception, Hygiene Behaviors, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Myanmar.","authors":"Kaung Myat Thwin, Wa Than Lin, Noboru Kaneko, Sachiko Takehara, Hiroshi Ogawa","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_182_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_182_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted various aspects of daily life, including oral health. However, limited research has explored the effects of the pandemic on oral health perceptions, hygiene behaviors, and their subsequent influence on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in underserved settings. This study aims to assess changes in oral health perceptions and behaviors during the pandemic and their impact on OHRQoL in Myanmar.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 at a township health center in Yangon, Myanmar. A total of 158 participants were included in the study. Clinical oral assessments were performed alongside face-to-face interviews, which collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, oral health perceptions and behaviors, psychological factors, and OHRQoL. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and regression analyses were used to explore associations and predictors of OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 158 participants, 30.4% reported a decline in oral health perception, and 27.8% reported negative changes in oral hygiene behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes were significantly associated with a history of COVID-19 infection, depressive symptoms, and bleeding on probing during oral examinations. Regression analysis revealed that worsened oral health perception (<i>B</i> = -2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -5.00, -0.18) and negative changes in hygiene behaviors (<i>B</i> = -2.27; 95% CI = -4.57, -0.02) were associated with poorer OHRQoL. However, these associations became nonsignificant after adjusting for confounding factors. Notably, a history of COVID-19 infection requiring hospitalization remained a statistically significant predictor of poorer OHRQoL in all models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant proportion of participants reported worsened oral health perception and negative changes in oral hygiene behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, which contributed to a decline in OHRQoL. However, the influence of other confounding factors, such as psychological and socioeconomic variables, needs to be carefully considered. Clinically, these findings highlight the importance of integrating psychological support and targeted oral health interventions in the post-pandemic recovery phase, particularly in underserved settings. Public health initiatives should address the long-term impacts of the pandemic on oral health behaviors and perceptions to improve OHRQoL in affected populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"479-488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of Fluoride Ion Release From Restorative Material Using an Ion-Selective Electrode and Ultraviolet-Visible Light Spectrophotometer.","authors":"Vinutha Manjunath, Raveena P John, Vidya G Doddawad, Paras Mull Gehlot, Raghu Ram Achar, K T Vadiraj","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_127_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_127_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Importance of fluoride in dental restorative materials for preventing secondary caries. Several commercially available tooth-colored dental restorative materials, such as glass ionomer cement, resin composites, and compomers were used for this study.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the amount of fluoride release from tooth-colored restorative materials [Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement (GC Fuji II)], Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement (ACTIVA BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE), and Giomer (BEAUTIFIL II LS)] using ion-selective electrode (ISE) and spectrophotometer using zirconyl alizarin red dye method.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 90 extracted premolars were divided into two control groups and four experimental groups. Group I: GC Fuji II/ISE; Group II: BEAUTIFIL II LS/ISE; Group III: ACTIVA BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE/ISE; Group IV: GC Fuji II/Spectrophotometer; Group V: BEAUTIFIL II LS/Spectrophotometer; and Group VI: ACTIVA BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE/Spectrophotometer. The amount of fluoride released was analyzed using an ion-selective elective method and spectrophotometer. The results were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and Scheffe <i>post hoc</i> tests (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Groups I and IV exhibited the highest fluoride release (1.42 and 1.12 ppm), which was statistically significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared with Groups II and V, which showed the least using both methods. The fluoride release pattern of ACTIVA BioACTIVE (Groups III and VI) restorative was significantly lower than that of glass ionomers and showed no significant difference from the giomers groups (Groups II and IV).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) showed the highest fluoride release followed by enhanced resin-modified GIC and giomer irrespective of the methods used. Fluoride ion concentration values obtained from the ISE method, and spectrophotometer method were comparable. Alizarin red dye can be used as an alternative to sulfanilic acid azochromotrop dye for the estimation of the release of fluoride ions from dental materials, which is known to be sensitive and much more economical compared with the latter.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"489-496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Anti-COVID Mouthwash and Remineralization Agents on Dentinal Tubular Occlusion: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Mohammad Faruq Soleimanyfar, Somayeh Hosseini Tabatabaei","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_80_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_80_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Tooth sensitivity caused by exposed dentin tubules is a common clinical problem requiring correct treatment methods. Owing to the spread of the COVID-19 virus, it has become common to use different mouthwashes, including 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP), before dental procedures. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of 1.5% HP, tooth mousse casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) toothpaste on dentinal tubular occlusion.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this laboratory interventional study, eighty dentin disks with a thickness of 15 mm were prepared from permanent human molar teeth. Five dentin disks were randomly placed in the untreated group (Group 1). The remaining dentin disks were immersed in 5 mL of 17% Ethylendiaminetetraacetic. Fifteen disks were randomly isolated from the resulting slices, constituting Group 2. The remnants of the disks were submerged in 15 mL of 1.5% HP. Then, they were randomly divided into four groups: not affected by any substance (Group 3), immersed in the artificial saliva (Group 4), tooth mousse CPP-ACP (Group 5), and n-HAP toothpaste (Group 6). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluated the dentinal tubular occlusion in each group, according to the following scoring criteria: Score 1: no occlusion; Score 2: less than 50%; Score 3: more than 50%; Score 4: almost all dentin tubules. Two observers ranked the micrographs separately. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests analyzed the findings (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in the degree of dentin tubule occlusion among the six groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The HP group significantly differed with CPP-ACP, n-HAP, and artificial saliva (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Among the interfering experimental materials, the n-HAP demonstrated the highest rate of tubular obstruction (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with the first observer reporting that 66.7% scored 3 and 26.7% scored 4 and the second observer reporting that 73.3% scored 3 and 13.3% scored 4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study's findings suggest that the anti-COVID mouthwash did not amend dentin tubule obstruction, whereas the n-HAP toothpaste showed the best blockage. This implies that in patients with tooth sensitivity who use preprocedural anti-COVID mouthwash, the n-HAP toothpaste could be a beneficial choice to enhance dentinal tubule blockage.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"453-460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Adolescents' Knowledge, Practices, and Attitudes Towards Oral Health in the Rupa-Rupa District, Peru.","authors":"Katherin Miluska Espinoza-Andres, Julissa Amparo Dulanto-Vargas, Kilder Maynor Carranza-Samanez","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_152_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_152_24","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to identify factors associated with adolescents' knowledge, practices, and attitudes (KPA-OH) regarding oral health in the Rupa-Rupa district, a high jungle region of Peru.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;An analytical study was conducted with a sample of 408 adolescents (aged 13-17 years) from seven public schools in the Rupa-Rupa district (elevation: 649 meters above sea level). The sample was stratified by sex, age, and school. Data were collected using a 49-item questionnaire, which included sections on knowledge (10 items), practices (10 items), and attitudes (13 items) toward oral health, as well as 16 sociodemographic variables. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed (KMO ≥ 0.537, Bartlett's test: P &lt; 0.001, ω ≥ 0.7). Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze associations, with significance set at &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05, using Jamovi software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Correct knowledge regarding oral health was highest for understanding the functions of teeth (speech, chewing), the link between caries and bacteria-sugar interaction, the relationship between gingivitis and gum inflammation, fluoride as a remineralizing agent, and the use of dental floss for cleanliness (73.3%-99.8%). Appropriate oral health practices, such as using an individual toothbrush, replacing it quarterly, and brushing twice a day for 2 minutes (89.8%-99.8%), were associated with being the only child and not having reading difficulties (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.03). Positive attitudes toward brushing and dental visits for caries and gingivitis prevention were more prevalent in females (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that demographic factors explained 21.4% of the variance in oral health knowledge (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt; = 2.05, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), but had no significant predictive value for oral health practices (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.127) or attitudes (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.230). Significant predictors of better knowledge included being female (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.3257, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.026), aged 15-17 years (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.6477-0.8246, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.006), and having part-time employed parents (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 0.5097, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007). Negative associations with knowledge were observed in adolescents with reading difficulties (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -0.6376, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018) and comorbidities (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -0.5405, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.031).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Factors such as sex, age, sibling position, general health, reading abilities, and parental employment status were found to influence adolescents' oral health knowledge, practices, and attitudes. Clinically, these findings suggest that targeted oral health education programs should consider these demographic factors, especially for adolescents with reading difficulties and comorbidities, to improve oral health outcomes in underserved populations. The results also highlight the need for interventions that emphasize preventive oral health practices, particularly among you","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"469-478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Online Learning and Health Behavior on Mental Health among Thai Dental Students during the COVID-19 Era.","authors":"Kamonnat Wangsathaporn, Thanyarat Worawichayaporn, Wuttipong Kittinawawit, Yanapat Hemprachitchai, Nathawut Kaewsutha","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_7_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_7_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the impact of online learning on the mental health and health behaviors of Thai dental students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among Thai dental students from first to sixth year who had been engaged in online learning during the COVID-19 period. A total of 440 students participated. Data were collected from January to March 2023 using an online questionnaire comprising 36 items addressing demographic information, online learning experiences, and health behaviors, including exercise and sleep. Psychological health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, binary logistic regression, Pearson's correlation, and simple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found high rates of mental health issues among the participants, with 58.2% experiencing depression, 57.3% experiencing anxiety, and 41.1% reporting stress. Personal factors influencing mental health included university type and household situation. Key factors associated with depression were the number of hours spent on assignments and the quality of the online learning environment (<i>β</i> = 1.096, 1.193). For anxiety, factors such as frequency of exercise, sleep quality, time spent on assignments, and familiarity with assignment submission platforms were significant (<i>β</i> = -0.773, -0.666, 0.801, 1.002). Stress was significantly correlated with the frequency of exercise, sleep quality, and assignment workload (<i>β</i> = -1.072, -0.497, 1.210).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight a significant association between online learning-related factors, such as the number of hours spent on assignments, and the mental health outcomes of dental students. Health behaviors, particularly exercise and sleep quality, were also linked to mental health status. These results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing assignment-related stress, improving sleep hygiene, and promoting physical activity may be crucial in mitigating mental health problems among dental students. Clinically, addressing these factors could enhance both psychological well-being and academic performance, ultimately contributing to more effective learning environments for dental professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"437-444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Antimicrobial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles incorporated into Alginate Impression Material: An <i>In vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Hamzah Al-Nema, Luma Al-Nema, Ahmed Al-Ali","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_112_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_112_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>In dental clinics, disinfecting alginate impression materials is a critical practice to prevent cross-infection. Recently, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been explored for their potential antimicrobial properties, making them promising additives for dental materials. This study investigates the antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs incorporated into alginate impression materials and assesses the impact on material flow. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of ZnO NPs when incorporated into alginate impression material and to examine its effect on the material's flow properties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Zinc oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into an irreversible hydrocolloid alginate impression material at varying concentrations. The antimicrobial properties were assessed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for antifungal activity against Candida albicans, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The well-diffusion test was employed to observe zone inhibition. The flow properties of the modified alginate were evaluated using a standardized flow test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to observe the morphological characteristics and nanoparticle distribution in the alginate matrix. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test, with a significance level set at <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the MIC for ZnO NPs against Candida albicans was 5% by weight, and the MFC was 10% by weight. For Staphylococcus aureus, the MIC was also 5%, with the MBC at 10%. The incorporation of ZnO NPs resulted in a significant reduction in the flow of the alginate material. SEM images revealed a random distribution of ZnO NPs within the alginate matrix, suggesting uniform incorporation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles into alginate impression materials conferred both antibacterial and antifungal properties, with effective antimicrobial activity observed at concentrations as low as 5%. However, the addition of ZnO NPs led to a decrease in the material's flow, which may affect the handling characteristics of the alginate. Clinically, the antimicrobial properties of ZnO NP-enhanced alginate could reduce the risk of cross-contamination in dental settings, but the alteration in flow must be considered when selecting or modifying impression materials for clinical use. Future studies should focus on optimizing the concentration of ZnO NPs to balance antimicrobial efficacy with material performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"497-505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Fluoride-incorporated Bioactive Glass Toothpaste on Remineralization of Primary Enamel Lesions: An <i>In-Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Nuttamon Katkanchano, Praphasri Rirattanapong, Veeritta Yimcharoen","doi":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_76_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_76_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the enamel remineralization effect of fluoride-incorporated bioactive glass (F-BG) toothpaste on artificial subsurface caries in primary teeth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty sound primary maxillary incisors were subjected to a demineralizing solution for four days to induce artificial enamel caries. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups (<i>n</i> = 10 per group): Group I, F-BG toothpaste (530 ppm fluoride) (BiominF^®); Group II, 0.22% sodium fluoride toothpaste (1000 ppm fluoride) (Colgate^®); Group III, 0.32% sodium fluoride toothpaste (1450 ppm fluoride) (Colgate^®); and Group IV, deionized water as a control. Over the course of seven days, each specimen was treated with a slurry of the respective toothpaste twice daily, followed by pH cycling to simulate oral conditions. Mineral density (MD) values were measured at depths of 0, 40, 80, and 120 μm using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) before and after the pH cycling. The percentage of remineralization was calculated based on changes in MD. Statistical comparisons among the groups were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post-hoc Bonferroni tests, with a significance level set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At depths of 0, 40, and 80 μm, both F-BG toothpaste (Group I) and the 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste (Group III) demonstrated significantly higher remineralization than the 1000 ppm fluoride toothpaste (Group II) and the control group (Group IV) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). No significant difference in remineralization was observed between Group I and Group III (<i>P</i> > 0.05). At a depth of 120 μm, none of the test groups showed significant remineralization compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The fluoride-incorporated bioactive glass toothpaste (530 ppm fluoride) demonstrated remineralization effects on enamel comparable to those of the 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste in terms of both surface and subsurface enamel restoration in primary teeth. Clinically, this suggests that F-BG toothpaste may be a viable alternative for remineralization therapy in pediatric populations, especially in situations where lower fluoride concentrations are preferred for young children. Further long-term studies are needed to assess the clinical durability and efficacy of F-BG toothpaste in caries prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":47247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry","volume":"14 6","pages":"445-452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}