Case Studies on Transport Policy最新文献

{"title":"How concerned should we be about attracting never-riders to the bus?","authors":"Devajyoti Deka ,&nbsp;Chihuangji Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transit agencies in the United States struggle to achieve a balance between the goals of ridership maximization and coverage maximization when providing bus service. Ridership maximization seeks to increase fare revenue by focusing on high-density areas, whereas coverage maximization seeks to increase transit availability for people in diverse places. Researchers often argue in favor of ridership maximization because it benefits transit’s reliable core riders, who are composed mostly of people with low income and no vehicles. That argument would be stronger if it could also be shown that the people who have never used transit (i.e., the never-riders) will not use transit even if service is made available. In that context, this study examines the never-riders’ potential for riding the bus by utilizing data from a survey of 1074 New Jersey residents. It uses descriptive statistics, binary logit models, and probability analysis. The results showed that about 75% of the never-riders never considered riding the bus. While work trips constitute an overwhelming majority of actual bus trips, never-riders think about the bus more as a travel mode for recreational activities than a work-trip mode. The never-riders have lower proximity to bus stops than current bus riders, but model results showed that even when they are given greater proximity, their low probability of riding the bus increases little. This research shows that transit agencies should be extremely cautious about extending bus service to neighborhoods predominantly inhabited by never-riders because their probability of riding could be very low.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of ride-hailing demand in Latin American metropolises: Case study of Fortaleza, Brazil","authors":"Anderson Yago Sampaio Brito,&nbsp;André Soares Lopes,&nbsp;Carlos Felipe Grangeiro Loureiro","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>App-based mobility services promoted a paradigm shift in public transportation demand and supply dynamics associated with changes in the perception of accessibility to opportunities. In such a new urban context, this research examines the determinants of ride-hailing demand by developing a theoretical and empirical literature review to support the construction of a causal hypotheses diagram as the basis for running Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses of data from the 2019 Origin-Destination (OD) household survey in Fortaleza, Brazil. Thus, this case study aims to investigate specific factors that shape app-based mobility services usage patterns in a Latin American metropolis. The findings clarify the role of socioeconomic status in influencing app-based travel production, with individuals of higher income demonstrating a propensity towards ride-hailing for compulsory trips<strong>,</strong> defined as necessary journeys to work or school that follow fixed schedules of entry and exit<strong>.</strong> Conversely, the presence of car ownership diminishes reliance on ride-hailing for the same purposes, emphasizing the interplay between access to private vehicles and both trip production and length. The case study unveils the significance of accessibility levels in driving the adoption of ride-hailing services, particularly for shorter, non-compulsory trips. These insights confirm the nuanced nature of ride-hailing demand in Latin America and highlight the importance of integrating individual attributes and spatial considerations into urban mobility planning initiatives. Our research provides policymakers and transportation planners with valuable guidance on addressing mobility challenges in similar urban contexts, ultimately aiming to achieve more efficient and sustainable transportation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145469163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic assessment of push and pull initiatives in behavioural responses associated with public transport fares, service frequency, car-related tolls, distance-based road user charges, and parking charges","authors":"David A. Hensher,&nbsp;Edward Wei,&nbsp;Wen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a constant flow of empirical evidence suggesting the likely modal trip impact that stand-alone policy initiatives such as public transport fares or service frequency and road pricing reforms (be it tolls or distance-based charging) have on the change in travel behaviour. While the evidence, typically converted to mean direct elasticity and cross elasticity modal estimates, is informative, there is a dearth of published empirical evidence on elasticities associated with policy initiatives that combine policies such as a public transport fare or service frequency change and a car-related toll and /or distance-based charge and/or parking charges. This paper investigates the one-way trip and arc elasticity impacts of stand-alone policy initiatives and compares the two elasticity effects when push and pull policy initiatives are at play. We find not only that there are asymmetric effects according to whether the policy involves an increase or a decrease, but that the combined policy initiatives suggest very different mean arc elasticity impacts, opening up opportunities for behavioural changes that are not obtained to the same extent from a stand-alone policy initiative. Each policy by itself generally, although not always, has a lower relative elasticity compared to when it is combined with another policy. We use the advanced Metroscan integrated transport and land use strategic model system to obtain the predicted trip changes under various scenarios for 2024 in the Sydney Metropolitan Area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101656"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Disabled Ancient Phenomenon: Perceivable Legal Debates Attributable to the Architects and a Foreseeable Global Trade Emergency","authors":"Khashayar Safavinia","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current situation in the Red Sea is indeed a maritime security concern, undermining the effectiveness of the Suez Canal (hereinafter referred to as the Canal)—one of the world’s most critical and strategic locations. The Canal is a strategic maritime trading route and chokepoint. It links the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, and ships carried approximately 12–15 percent of the world’s trade<span><span>¹</span></span> through it in 2023. However, according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), in January 2024, the trading amount dropped by 42 percent compared to its peak in 2023, which was approximately 2,300 monthly transits.<span><span>²</span></span> The impracticality of maritime chokepoints, such as the Suez and Panama Canals or the Black Sea, is due to three reasons: firstly, the impact of the Ukraine war on global food security and seaborne distances. For instance, Brazil and the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as the US), rather than Ukraine, are Egypt’s grain suppliers. Secondly, the catastrophic outcome of climate change on the Panama Canal, and thirdly, the maritime situation in the Red Sea caused by an armed group known as the Houthis of Yemen. The situation is a complex combination of a marine security case and principles of public international law. A holistic approach could duly address its legal complexities and problems, i.e. analysis of Houthis’ attacks on not only the merchant vessels but also warships in violation of international law. As it may be the case, the law of naval warfare (hereinafter referred to as LoNW) could be an applicable source of contemplation if applied to the status quo. In addition, the topic encompasses key historical points concerning the construction of the Canal, along with the traditional and contemporary debates related to the subject matter. Thus, the overall evaluation shall revolve around maritime security issues and the public international law formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of passenger road transportation in India’s state road transport undertakings: A meta-frontier network data envelopment analysis","authors":"Swati Goyal ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar ,&nbsp;Shivi Agarwal ,&nbsp;Trilok Mathur","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study utilises the panel dataset of 39 state road transport undertakings (SRTUs) in India spanning the period from 2013 to 2018, to evaluate the performance of SRTUs by employing a directional-distance-<em>meta</em>-frontier-based network data envelopment analysis (DDF-MF-NDEA) framework. This method explicitly accounts for heterogeneity in operational technologies and assesses technological gaps across both efficiency and effectiveness stages. The analysis considers key input variables, including the number of buses, fuel consumption, and staff strength (drivers and conductors), along with output variables such as vehicle-kilometres, passenger-kilometres, passengers carried, number of breakdowns, and number of accidents. The findings reveal persistent inefficiencies at both stages while considering the significant technological disparities between metropolitan and non-metropolitan SRTUs groups. The results reveal an average improvement potential in efficiency, effectiveness, and overall performance across all SRTUs during the study period. Notably, non-metropolitan SRTUs exhibit higher efficiency but lower effectiveness compared to their metropolitan counterparts. These insights offer robust decision support tools for policymakers and transport managers, enabling targeted interventions to optimise the operational and financial performance of SRTUs. It helps in advancing sustainable and socially equitable public transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101692"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “eVTOL aircraft for the low-altitude economy: a review of development history, core technologies, and future trends” [Case Stud. Transp. Policy 22 (2025) 101629]","authors":"Zhijun Meng ,&nbsp;Jiachi Ji ,&nbsp;Lulu Liu ,&nbsp;Siyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Zhen Sun ,&nbsp;Qingfang Xiao ,&nbsp;Zikang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101725","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vehicle routing with Backhauls in retail: a case study","authors":"Marcelo Koiti Fugihara,&nbsp;Marcel Heimar Ribeiro Utyama,&nbsp;Mauro Sampaio","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of integrating backhaul operations into outbound distribution routes in the Brazilian retail sector, utilizing real operational data from a large home improvement retailer. Building on the Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls (VRPB), the research incorporates operational constraints highly relevant to transport policy and logistics management, such as last-in/first-out loading, heterogeneous vehicle capacities, warehouse handling times, and driver working-time regulations. A directed network model was developed and evaluated in Coupa Supply Chain Guru® X, enabling the simulation and comparison of alternative routing strategies. Results show that coordinated outbound–inbound planning can reduce transportation costs by nearly 30%, increase vehicle utilization, and decrease CO₂ emissions by approximately 10 tons annually. The case provides evidence of how backhaul-based routing can enhance efficiency and environmental performance in emerging-economy retail networks. The findings provide practical guidance for companies and policymakers seeking to reduce empty-haul movements, promote sustainable freight transport, and support circular economy initiatives within regional distribution systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101715"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid SEM–ANN framework for predicting crash involvement and prioritizing safety strategies among LCV drivers in India","authors":"Karamsetty Pavan Kumar,&nbsp;Balamurugan Shandhana Rashmi,&nbsp;Sankaran Marisamynathan","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road traffic crashes (RTCs) are major public concerns causing societal and economic burden worldwide. According to empirical data, most crashes are caused by drivers engaging in risky driving behaviour. However, in developing nations like India, limited research exists on crash involvement of professional drivers, including light commercial vehicle drivers (LCVs). Therefore, the aim of the present research to study the determinants of crash involvement and develop a prediction model for LCV drivers. Further, the study also recommends suitable strategies for improving the safety of LCV drivers. To accomplish this, face-to-face interviews with LCV drivers were carried out using a questionnaire form in Nellore city, Andhra Pradesh, India. The questionnaire consisted of items related to personality traits, work safety climate, driver safety attitude, risky driving behaviour and crash involvement of LCV drivers. Data collection yielded 605 valid samples for further study. The exploratory factor analysis obtained a four-factor structure (sensation seeking, normlessness, anxiety, and anger) for the personality traits items, which was subsequently validated by confirmatory factor analysis. To analyze the complex relationships among several latent constructs and develop a prediction model for crash involvement, a hybrid Structural Equation Modeling and Artificial Neural Network (SEM-ANN) methods were adopted in this study. The ranking results from the ANN model demonstrated that risky driving behavior as the utmost influential predictor of crash involvement. Further, the analysis of safety strategies using the ANN model identified GPS-ANPR integrated enforcement of traffic rules as the most effective interventions, with normalized importance scores of 100%, followed by regular health checkup of drivers (94.19%), and installing of telematic systems (82.90%). The outcomes indicate the importance of enforcement-driven and technology-based strategies for improving LCV drivers’ safety. The outcomes of this study offer valuable insights for Indian trucking companies and road safety authorities to enhance the safety of LCV drivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of motorcycle rider behavior and attitudes in urban and rural environments: comparative study utilizing a motorcycle rider behavior questionnaire","authors":"Duangdao Watthanaklang ,&nbsp;Chinnakrit Banyong ,&nbsp;Onanong Sangphong ,&nbsp;Natthaporn Hantanong ,&nbsp;Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao ,&nbsp;Thanaphon Sakonphattharasorn ,&nbsp;Thanapong Champahom","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road traffic fatalities in Thailand, especially among motorcyclists, continue to rise and now represent a major public health concern. This trend is linked to unsafe riding behaviors influenced by personal attitudes and environmental conditions, both of which play a critical role in determining accident outcomes. Riding in urban and rural environments can affect rider behaviors differently. In this study, structural equation modeling (SEM) with multigroup analysis was used to evaluate variations in motorcycle rider behavioral factors in urban versus rural settings. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Health Belief Model (HBM) were applied as theoretical frameworks. Data were collected from 800 participants in Nakhon Ratchasima Province (400 urban and 400 rural), who completed a standardized motorcycle rider behavior questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis identified three behavioral categories: traffic errors, control errors, and stunt behaviors. The multigroup SEM results showed notable structural differences between urban and rural models, suggesting the need for context-specific safety interventions. TPB variables, especially subjective norms and perceived behavioral control among urban riders, were most predictive in reducing risky behaviors. In contrast, the rural model was more strongly influenced by HBM variables, with perceived severity emerging as the strongest predictor of reduced traffic errors and stunt behaviors, as well as reductions in control errors. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring traffic safety interventions to the specific behavioral patterns exhibited in urban and rural contexts in order to reduce motorcycle-related risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding supply chain operations in urban corridors: lessons from Bogotá","authors":"Carlos Rivera-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Luis Angel Guzman ,&nbsp;Juan Esteban Sanchez ,&nbsp;Angie Criado","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urbanization rates and the growth of e-commerce have placed unprecedented pressures on urban freight systems in metropolitan areas. Examining the supply chain characteristics of establishments is essential to reveal their operational patterns and uncover potential commonalities. With this in mind, this research uses a data-driven framework to examine patterns in supply chain operations across establishments, alongside a corridor in Bogotá (Colombia), aiming to generate evidence-based insights for improving logistics practices. The analysis uses a two-stage statistical approach, drawing from 1,042 establishment surveys, and applies ANOVA and Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference tests to uncover meaningful variations across corridor segments and industry sectors.</div><div>The results showed that loading and unloading activities take approximately 30 min, regardless of the corridor segment or industry sector. The results also showed that the industry sectors of beauty, healthcare, and entertainment in one specific corridor segment typically have larger in-store floorspace for keeping inventory, and attract more deliveries than the same establishment types in other parts of the corridor. These insights can be the foundation of evidence-based policies, such as dynamic allocation of curb spaces for freight parking purposes or establishing potential consolidation programs to reduce delivery frequency while increasing inventory levels. Overall, the research aims to show the applicability of a two-layer statistical analysis approach through Bogotá’s case study, showing how this method provides evidence-based insights for developing initiatives that foster sustainable urban freight practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}