Case Studies on Transport Policy最新文献

{"title":"Airport noise assessment and mitigation: A simple and flexible methodology","authors":"Gianmarco Andreana,&nbsp;Mattia Grampella,&nbsp;Gianmaria Martini,&nbsp;Davide Scotti","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Airport noise assessment and mitigation have been recognized as major challenges in the current civil aviation context. This paper aims to provide a general, simple, and flexible methodology to approximate airport noise-influenced zones and quantify the social cost of noise pollution. The proposed methodology performs this assessment without the need for specific software, monitoring stations, and sophisticated data. Airport noise-influenced zones are estimated by relying on publicly available aircraft certification data, while the social cost of such estimation is computed by taking into account the distribution of residential units located within zones affected by noise. We present an application of this method to a group of Italian and Spanish airports, as well as possible beneficial policy interventions in terms of minimization of noise impact on the population living in the airport neighborhoods. In addition, possible mitigation policies are presented in the form of noise surcharges applied to different aircraft categories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000956/pdfft?md5=550f42360e53b0e64388b5da8f2ec3cd&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000956-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘How can I get there?’: Effects of road system destruction in the northeast of Aleppo governorate under war conditions","authors":"Fateh Shaban ,&nbsp;Fares Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting tourism through the promotion of cycling: GIS model applied in the metropolitan area of Cagliari (Italy)","authors":"Francesco Piras,&nbsp;Eleonora Sottile,&nbsp;Italo Meloni","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Italy, where bicycle culture is struggling to catch on, the Extraordinary Plan for Tourism Mobility 2017–22 aims to increase the accessibility of tourist sites through safe and pleasant cycling routes, interconnected with other modes of transport. These same objectives have been pursued by Sardinia, one of the Italian regions more attractive to tourists, through the design of a regional cycle network and a long-distance tourist cycling routes (<em>Ciclovia della Sardegna</em>).</p><p>The current study focuses on tourism mobility in the metropolitan city of Cagliari, the largest urban area in Sardinia, and aims to explore how much the existing and planned cycling routes constitute an alternative mobility solution for tourists who intend to reach the beaches. In particular, the study aims to evaluate the level of accessibility offered by bicycling to the beaches, which are among the most visited and attractive places for tourists, before and after the implementation of a regional bike tourism network system. A GIS-based procedure was employed and the method comprised of three main steps: (1) data collection and preparation, (2) GIS analysis, and (3) assessment of results. We performed two main types of analysis using GIS. First, we delineated service areas around each beach for various distances. Then, we overlaid and analyzed these areas in conjunction with the accommodation facilities. Second, we measured the accessibility of beaches using a gravity-based accessibility index.</p><p>Our results demonstrate that, following the implementation of the regional cycle network Sardinia, various zones in the metropolitan area of Cagliari significantly increased their level of accessibility to the beaches, while others did not. Importantly, the adopted methodology has proven to be a valid tool for assessing cycling accessibility for different infrastructure scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000841/pdfft?md5=e51ee6965f49d68636507045420bdb1d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000841-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a sustainable road-rail multimodal distribution network for improved animal welfare and meat quality under carbon tax in Queensland, Australia","authors":"Mahla Babagolzadeh ,&nbsp;Yahua Zhang ,&nbsp;Hang Yu ,&nbsp;Jianming Yong ,&nbsp;Tarryn Kille ,&nbsp;Anup Shrestha","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There have been ongoing calls for reviving the rail system in Australia to transport cattle and meat products which is thought to be more reliable transport mode than road transport. This paper aims to develop a decision support model for the road-rail network for meat and cattle transportation. This model considers animal welfare, traffic congestion, and meat quality loss due to the delay of transportation as well as the effects of a carbon tax. The proposed model generates an optimal network configuration in which each leg of the journey is conducted by the most reliable and efficient transport mode. We implement this model using the meat and cattle supply chain case of Queensland that that comprises production regions, terminals, abattoirs, seaports and distribution centers. The results indicate that the road–rail multimodal network would be preferred if animal welfare issues were prioritised. Our decision support model is expected to support policy makers in making decisions to design a transport network with optimum balance of economic and environmental goals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000798/pdfft?md5=34090f469c572276060670cf2959d1d8&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000798-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the effects of a long-term transit service suspension during the COVID-19 pandemic on transit users’ travel choices","authors":"Mohamed G. Noureldin ,&nbsp;Ehab Diab","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Substantial funding is allocated towards building new transit infrastructure worldwide. Such large undertakings can disrupt the system and result in the suspension of some of the provided transit services. While there is a considerable number of studies that focused on understanding people’s mode choices during normal operations and short-term disruptions, little has been done to investigate travel choices during long-term disruptive periods. This paper aims at examining changes in travel choices during a long-term disruption that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic in Montréal. Using two waves of surveys, it explores the impacts of the suspension of the Deux-Montagnes train line due to the construction of a new light rail system, the Réseau express métropolitain (REM), on the travel choices of users that previously used the train line. Associations between respondents’ travel choices and socioeconomics, users’ perceptions, and spatial factors were examined, while exploring the difference between users’ anticipated travel choices reported before the suspension and their actual choices during the suspension. The results show that only around one-third of the Deux-Montagnes line’s previous users continued to use transit, while many shifted to using cars to reach the same destinations. Nevertheless, a higher percentage of users who live within an 800-metre buffer from a closed station used alternative transit options during the closure than using cars. Respondents who relied on using cars were the least likely to report that they will use the REM service in the future. The study highlights the overlooked impacts of long-term service closures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Externalities from the confinement of a railway: Analysis of the barrier effect","authors":"Alejandro Tirachini ,&nbsp;Francisca Inostroza ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Mora ,&nbsp;Daniela Cuevas ,&nbsp;Diego Fuchser","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we present a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach to analyse the multiple dimensions of the barrier effect caused by the removal of all at-level pedestrian crossings on a railway in a residential area of Santiago, Chile, as part of a new suburban rail service. A set of interviews with a wide range of stakeholders is followed by a quantitative analysis of time delays and extra discomfort for pedestrians, as we measure both the horizontal and vertical detours on walking distance and time, due to having to cross on pedestrian overpasses and underpasses. We find that (i) the new suburban rail service is a source of social inclusion on a metropolitan scale (accessibility gains) and of social exclusion on a more local scale, due to a barrier effect (ii) the confinement of the railway produces strong negative impacts on pedestrians that need to cross the railway, by increasing walking times and by worsening their perception of security and comfort (iii) underpasses and overpasses increase between twofold and fourfold the time needed to cross the railway on average, relative to the case of at-level crossings, (iv) taking into account the increased physical burden and insecurity perceived on overpasses and underpasses, weighted walking times increase up to ten times relative to at-level crossing, and (v) women, elderly people and pedestrians with heavy luggage are more affected by the increased walking time. Traditional methods employed to analyse large-scale transport projects should assess the negative implications of the barrier effect on local communities, as well as the relief measures designed to reduce local segregation, especially in vulnerable communities. The results of this study are useful to quantify the social value of such relief measures, particularly in highly unequal urban settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000804/pdfft?md5=49c488b57ef6e43fe25ac38c64601055&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000804-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritizing bicycle parking improvements: An application of the logsum approach","authors":"David Kohlrautz ,&nbsp;Tobias Kuhnimhof","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing the number and quality of bicycle parking facilities is essential to promoting cycling. However, quantifying the benefits of such improvements is difficult and has not yet been the focus of research. Apart from rule-of-half-based approaches, logsum analysis is a method for estimating the consumer surplus of measures, reflecting actual behavior.</p><p>This paper presents such an analysis of a set of measures on the RWTH Aachen University campus as a case study. Considering only the direct consumer surplus, the economic efficiency of the analyzed measures diverges significantly. The replacement of inadequate front wheel racks has the best consumer surplus-cost ratio, while the construction of bicycle parking stations has the worst. Taking into account modal shift effects and related changes in externalities and reduced demand for car parking, the cost-benefit ratios of the measures would be much higher. Even though the presented logsum approach ignores these second-order effects and focuses exclusively on economic efficiency, it is still useful in practice for prioritizing potential measures. Apart from that, the results show that groups of cyclists benefit differently from certain types of measures depending on their student status, employee group, and the resale value of their bicycle. Additionally, the analysis emphasizes the importance of including informal parking when modeling bicycle parking behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000828/pdfft?md5=c01a78edd3af97c48919a15d2536c7da&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000828-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impacts of videoconferences on domestic business flights in Brazil’s post-pandemic era","authors":"Ricardo Fernandes Consulin,&nbsp;Maurício Oliveira de Andrade","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, society realized that many activities could be conducted remotely, achieving similar or superior results. Several trends were anticipated and consolidated, such as remote work and hybrid activities. In this context, the air transport market was also profoundly affected, and we are still trying to understand the size and depth of the ongoing changes. It has become crucial for airline market strategies to evaluate how the behavior of business passenger demand has changed, considering the new conditions created and the intensified use of information and communication technology (ICT) tools, particularly videoconferencing. The article aims to identify and analyze the factors that have influenced the number of domestic business flights in Braziĺs post-pandemic era, focusing on the increased use of ICT<u>.</u> It applied a logit model to a database collected at Congonhas Airport in São Paulo, the second busiest airport in the country and the seventh in Latin America, which operates only domestic flights and is used mainly for business trips. Findings showed that the most significant variables influencing reduced travel for work were the number of trips made, the company’s market segment, and travelers’ perceptions about how the company dealt with topics such as productivity, employee well-being, videoconference use, and airline ticket purchases. With this understanding, airlines can develop more effective advertising strategies, enhance ticket sales, and prospect customers in more promising market niches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive investigation of crashes associated with citywide speed limit reduction in Seattle, Washington","authors":"Jin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Road traffic crashes are a leading cause of fatalities and injuries worldwide, prompting authorities to implement various strategies to enhance road safety. One common approach involves lowering speed limits in an effort to mitigate the severity of crashes and improve overall traffic safety. Seattle, Washington has been lowering its citywide default speed limits on municipal roads since 2016, among several cities in the US. This research paper presents a comprehensive investigation of the impact of these speed limit reductions on various safety indicators, such as the crash frequency, crash severity, crash characteristics, crash type, crash location, contributing factors, and overall traffic safety performance. The study employs a comprehensive dataset encompassing several years before and after the implementation of lower speed limits. Data analyses indicate varying changes in crash severity distribution between before and after periods in Seattle. Fatal and incapacitating crashes in Seattle decreased by 19% after the initial speed limit lowering in 2016 and further decreased by 3% after the second speed limit lowering in 2018. Pedestrian-involved crashes experienced a 26% significant decrease while speeding-related had a 16% decrease after the city implemented lowering speed limits. There was also a statistically significant 4% decrease in property damage only collisions and a 7% decrease in parked car crashes. Distracted driving / inattention-related crashes also decreased by 4%. The Mid-Block (but intersection related) crashes saw a significant decrease by 6%, and Driveway Junction related crashes decreased by 1%. The findings provide insights into the effectiveness of speed limit reductions in enhancing road safety in urban environments. The findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on speed management strategies and their impact on traffic safety. The outcomes of this study can inform transportation policymakers and practitioners in Seattle and other urban areas as they make informed decisions regarding speed limit regulations and road safety measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141140215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Students’ commuting habits to the university: Transportation choices during the Covid-19 era","authors":"Chiara Lodi ,&nbsp;Giovanni Marin ,&nbsp;Paolo Polidori ,&nbsp;Désirée Teobaldelli","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper seeks to analyse the drivers behind students’ commuting choice in the context of a medium-sized public university (University of Urbino Carlo Bo) in Italy. The study accounts for changes in commuting preferences and choices occurring during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results are based on a 2020 survey on students analysed by means of a mixed multinomial logit model and a latent class model. The University of Urbino is an interesting case study for several reasons. First, it has a higher number of enrolled students (approximately 15,000) than there are residents in the municipality (less than 15,000). Second, Urbino is located far from main roads and transport infrastructures. Third, there are commuting options to and from the city, meaning that local transport policies have a relevant impact on the entire territory. Personal characteristics, distance from home, and price of the transportation mode influence the choice of students. The estimates for the two post-Covid-19 scenarios showed no particular changes in students’ transport habits, except when the number of household members was taken into account. The study provides valuable insights into the attitudes towards change in transportation choices that have recently emerged among a specific student population after an extended lockdown, that is now faced with making decisions marked by evident uncertainty about the possible developments of the Covid-19 virus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000725/pdfft?md5=0d40936c574d394c08b8ca07111c3bcc&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000725-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141136091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}