Case Studies on Transport Policy最新文献

{"title":"Revisiting transport policy through idling exhaust measurements from two-wheelers - A case study","authors":"Mildred Chileshe ,&nbsp;Abhinav Pandey ,&nbsp;Rajeev Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The automobile sector in India contributes significantly to the ambient air pollution, with two-wheelers (2-Ws) dominating the urban vehicular fleet. The existing phase-out policy for 2-Ws is only based on its age, regardless of other vehicle-specific parameters (VSPs). It is imperative to ascertain key VSPs affecting 2-Ws emissions from the perspective of strengthening such policy. Through real-time exhaust emission testing of 575 2-Ws, the present study finds that VSPs such as mileage, age, and complying emissions standards have a very strong influence on the tailpipe CO and HC (carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon). 2-Ws age and mileage were both significantly correlated with CO and HC (For age, R² = 0.85 and 0.82, respectively, and for mileage, R² = 0.84 and 0.81 respectively). Further, the fuel ignition system played a significant role in CO and HC emissions as it was discovered that more recent and sophisticated versions of 2-W engines had lower maximum emissions values when compared to older versions.. Also, kerb weight has a weak correlation to HC and CO emissions (R² &lt; 0.3), implying that approximately 30 percent of vehicles with the same kerb weight had the similar CO and HC emissions. At present, the 2-W scrapping policy is solely based on its age of fifteen years regardless of any other variables. The study recommends that the relevant environmental and scrappage policy for 2-Ws be suitably upgraded to include mileage as a key factor. It is need of the hour in achieving the desired results towards safer and sustainable transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101623"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the level of sustainable integration between inland water transport and other modes","authors":"J.M.R.S. Jayakodi ,&nbsp;Darshana Othayoth ,&nbsp;T.V. Rameesha ,&nbsp;B.Anish Kini","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seamless travel is important in enhancing the overall user satisfaction with any public transit facility. The present study aims to assess the sustainable level of integration between land based multimodal transport systems with Inland Water Transportation (IWT) systems. Study employs Assessment Indicator Model (AIM) to arrive at Sustainable Seamless Travel Index (SSTI) and further evaluates the effect of different transport policies on the SSTI using Monte Carlo Simulation. Methodology is applied to assess the level of sustainable integration between Kochi water metro, Asia’s first fully electric water mass transit, with land-based transport modes (public transportation, intermediate public transportation and active transportation modes). Through literature, 21 sustainability indicators spanning across 4 sustainability dimensions were identified. Indicator values were measured through extensive user perception survey and inventory survey. The data collection was carried out at four water metro terminals. Further, expert opinions were obtained to assign weights to the sustainability indices. SSTI results concluded that water metro terminal at Vytilla is having a better sustainable integration compared to other three terminals. Best policy initiative for High court and Fort Kochi water metro terminals was facilitating “bicycle carry-it-along with water metro” while for Kakkanad and Vytilla water metro terminals it was “integration of bus timings with water metro”. The methodology adopted and the study findings will assist the policy makers, practitioners and the water metro operators in improving the sustainable integration of various transport modes with IWT, thereby leading to better overall user satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101624"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Don’t be afraid of the bosses, they should be afraid of us’ – a power resource analysis of a successful union organising on local trains in Sweden","authors":"Pål Brunnström ,&nbsp;Andrea Iossa ,&nbsp;Paula Mulinari","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the 2000s, in Sweden, as in other European countries, the transport sector that once was public owned has been subjected to neoliberal privatisation. The involvement of private actors in public transport entails changes in industrial relations, which have impact in the workplace. In this paper, though a power recourse lens, we discuss a multifaceted labour dispute that occurred 2018 to 2021 between Arriva (now VR Sverige), the private company that runs the regional train service in the Swedish southern region of <em>Skåne</em>, and the local trade union club <em>Klubb Pågatåg</em>, affiliated with the blue-collar trade union federation Seko (<em>Service- och Kommunikationsfacket</em>). Started in conjunction with the negotiations for renewing the local collective agreement initially set for April 2020, the dispute became sharper following the decision of the company to implement a business plan contemplating the redefinition of individual terms of employment for all employees and, later, the attempt to fire the local trade union health and safety representative appointed by <em>Klubb Pågatåg</em> <!-->who confronted that decision. By relying on interviews, observations, online material as well as legal documents analysis, we discuss the significance of the 2020–2021 <em>Pågatåg</em> <!-->and the capacity of a local trade union to successfully engage in a dispute by mobilising associational power resources even against institutional constraints. In line with global trends, our paper shows the strength of logistics workers (broadly conceived) in attempting to change power relations on the labour market through local union organising.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic gender bias in transportation research: recommendations for change","authors":"Arun Ulahannan ,&nbsp;Andree Woodcock","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gender bias has long shaped transport systems, leading to unsafe, exclusionary, and poorly tailored services for women. While transport outcomes have been widely studied, little attention has been given to the research practices that produce these biased findings. This study provides the first critical examination of how gender imbalance is embedded within transport research practice itself. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 experienced transport researchers from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand, and analysed using a rigorous thematic analysis. Four core themes emerged: research culture, trust in institutions, research methods, and visibility. Together, these reveal how current norms in transport research often disadvantage inclusive practice, whether by prioritising participant numbers over diversity, relying on methods that inadvertently exclude women, or failing to build trust with under-represented groups. The findings demonstrate that systemic change is required: inclusive practices must be supported by institutions, normalised through training and peer-review processes, and incentivised in funding calls. By exposing the cultural and methodological mechanisms through which gender bias is reproduced, this study offers concrete recommendations to improve recruitment, analysis, and dissemination practices. It provides a foundation for reshaping research culture towards more equitable and inclusive transport systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of urban landscape in regulating e-rickshaw services: A case study of Krishnanagar Municipality, India","authors":"Sushmita Biswas,&nbsp;Koel Roychowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes the development of e-rickshaw services in Krishnanagar Municipality, India, highlighting how the urban landscape shapes these services. The research employed a triangulation method to collect data, primarily analyzed using statistical techniques and Geographic Information System (GIS). The findings indicate that higher densities of Public Utility Centres (PUCs), high built-up areas, and better road accessibility correlate with increased e-rickshaw services. Contrary to existing literature that suggests paratransit options primarily serve the outskirts of cities; this study finds that e-rickshaws predominantly operate in the central areas of Krishnanagar. Interestingly, fares for longer trips to the outskirts are relatively low. However, e-rickshaw services are mainly restricted to major thoroughfares. The central part of the city predominantly relies on pre-negotiated fares between operators and users, which leads to an uneven distribution of e-rickshaw stands across the municipality. This uneven location of stands results in inequitable service provision. Additionally, e-rickshaws have not successfully served as a mode of first-and-last-mile connectivity, as door-to-door service is only available for reserved trips. This study emphasizes the importance of planning e-rickshaw services within the urban landscape to improve residents’ mobility equity. The insights gained can benefit planners and policymakers by enhancing urban public transport, ultimately contributing to sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Port and road network development post coastal disaster: Hurricane Ian flooding of port of Kingston, Jamaica","authors":"Corey Johnson ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Shemar Reid ,&nbsp;Nicholas Campbell ,&nbsp;Majda Rahhali ,&nbsp;Claire Irungu","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>After the colossal impact of Hurricane Ian in 2022, this prompted the need to investigate the extent of the damage and, more importantly, the policies implemented to mitigate against it. That tropical storm, while passing over Jamaica, intensified into a hurricane as it hit North America in mid-September of 2022. As such, this research was conducted over the final quarter of the year 2022. As hurricanes and natural disasters morph, some regions face greater risks of flooding and a rise in sea level that occurs subsequent to it. The tropical region of the Caribbean faces these coastal disasters annually, in some cases biannually. In the Caribbean Sea, all the countries located centrally are islands. Their ports are essential as it is the only physical contact they have with each other and the rest of the world. Therefore, the damage they incur and the prevention methods must be of high importance to different regulatory bodies. This paper will analyse the frequent occurrence of natural disasters, including flooding induced by hurricanes/heavy rainfall and the rise in sea level. The way the occurrence is handled was tabulated based on a series of interviews from various governing bodies on the island. From this, the Hurricane Aftermath Evaluation Method was created, a method that holds five main variables: type of damage, extent of infrastructure damage, port downtime, impact on economy and strategies for recovery and mitigation. The study concludes that the Port of Kingston is highly susceptible to coastal disasters, and oftentimes, the infrastructure and regulatory bodies alike are grossly underprepared to combat them. Therefore, reconstruction of the drainage system must be done along with further study and improvement to the surrounding infrastructure currently in place.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming barriers to delivering active travel infrastructure: inter-agency collaboration in a state-led neighbourhood redevelopment","authors":"Simon Louis Opit,&nbsp;Karen Witten","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the challenges to collaboration government agencies face in delivering active travel infrastructure as part of neighbourhood regeneration projects. Through a sociotechnical systems lens, we examine the influence of governance structures, decision-making processes, and institutional norms on inter-agency collaboration. Drawing on document analysis and key informant interviews, we identify opportunities and challenges faced by housing and transport agencies in coordinating the design and delivery of active travel infrastructure. Challenges include a disconnect between strategic objectives and funding mechanisms, bureaucratic inertia and complexity, and a reliance on informal networks within a complex regulatory structure. Despite these challenges, the research highlights the value of forums for knowledge exchange and relational approaches to collaboration, as well as the potential for pragmatic solutions such as collaborative working groups to overcome structural barriers within sociotechnical regimes. Achieving mode shift towards healthier and more sustainable forms of transport requires formalised effective mechanisms for integration of land use and transport planning. Our findings have implications for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders involved in shaping urban environments and promoting active mobility as a viable transportation option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redesign of public transit in low-demand areas, and integration with shared modes, based on travel preferences: A case study analysis in the province of Utrecht, the Netherlands","authors":"Roy J. van Kuijk,&nbsp;Tim H.A. de Ridder,&nbsp;Niels van Oort,&nbsp;Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia,&nbsp;Bart van Arem","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offering shared mobility options at transit stops can potentially increase the service area of a stop and consequently, possible detours in transit lines can be eliminated to decrease in-vehicle travel times for through-passengers and reduce operational costs. However, current research mostly focusses on shared mobility options and expected behaviour only, whilst not looking at this integrated transit network design problem. Additionally, most focus of current studies is on the integration of shared mobility in urban areas and/or around train stations, leaving a gap on suburban areas and transit lines with lower demand.</div><div>In order to answer our research question “what the effects are of increased route directness for low-demand transit lines in conjunction with offering shared mobility at transit stops”, we developed a mesoscopic model extension for the aggregated four-step transport model to model changes in travel behaviour as a result of straightened transit lines and the simultaneous integration of shared modes. Discrete choice models are used to accurately model first and last mile preferences of people, based on the access and egress distance, demographics and available (shared) modes. Finally, the probability of passengers cancelling their complete trip as a result of increased first and last mile distances is also explored.</div><div>This model framework was applied to nine case studies in the Netherlands. The synthesis of the case studies resulted in key factors contributing to a promising redesign of the transit network. The main factor is that through-passengers should significantly outnumber local passengers, by at least 75%-25%. Additionally, the increase in access and egress times should not be significantly larger than in-vehicle time savings of through-passengers. Moreover, it is found that the mode share of micromobility in the first and last mile is approximately 15% across the different cases, whereby the highest usage can be seen for people under the age of 25 and for distances greater than 1 km. Finally, it is concluded that the additional costs of shared mobility are on average only 10% of the savings in operational costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuzzy evaluation of institutional leverage points for TOD implementation: the case of Vietnam","authors":"Pham Vu Hong Son ,&nbsp;Le Tung Duong","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study identifies and scores the most crucial hindrances of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in Vietnam based on a combination of Best Worst Method (BWM) and Fuzzy TOPSIS method. From experts’ views and community surveys, 24 barriers were evaluated within four dimensions: governance, finance, infrastructure, and society. Results show that the governance and policy barriers carry the highest effects, highlighting that institutional reform is crucial. Notably, new laws-namely the 2024 Land Law and Capital Law-provide a legal framework for TOD, distinguishing Vietnam from other Southeast Asian cities where TOD remains policy-driven without legally binding instruments. The study offers a workable model for TOD development in emerging urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charging forward: How bus availability drives the economics of fleet electrification","authors":"Jac McCluskey ,&nbsp;Charles Larkin ,&nbsp;Tom Druitt","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrification of bus fleets is central to achieving low-carbon transport, yet uncertainties remain around whether electric buses can deliver reliable and cost-effective operations for all types of operators. While previous studies emphasise their lower fuel and maintenance costs, limited attention has been given to the economic implications of vehicle downtime. This study investigates how electric bus availability influences fleet size requirements and subsidy needs. Using detailed maintenance and downtime data from a UK bus operator, we apply a total cost of ownership (TCO) framework combined with a probabilistic model of bus availability over a 20-year period. Our analysis shows that although electric buses incur lower maintenance expenditures, their reduced availability substantially increases the number of spare vehicles required, raising capital costs – especially for smaller or rural operators. For example, electric fleet size requirements increase by roughly 18 to 23% per 10-percentage-point shortfall in availability relative to the diesel fleet benchmark. Policy simulations indicate that that if availability has not improved since 2020, then today’s operators will require procurement grants of between 35.7 and 45.0% depending on the scale of operation – and will continue to require additional financial support beyond 2040. Whereas, if availability has and continues to improve, the procurement grants required by today’s operators fall to between 30.7 and 39.7%, with no procurement grants necessary past 2032. These results highlight that vehicle availability is a critical but underappreciated factor in fleet electrification and should be explicitly incorporated into both cost analyses and subsidy design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}