{"title":"T-PLL Presenting with an Indolent Course.","authors":"Arsa Thammahong, Narittee Sukswai, Chantana Polprasert","doi":"10.1155/2024/7310135","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7310135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a rare, mature T-cell leukemia which usually presents with aggressive behavior. We report an asymptomatic T-PLL patient diagnosed by clinical features, lymphocyte morphology, and flow cytometry. Incidentally, she was found to have lymphocytosis and lymphadenopathy. Flow cytometry from blood revealed an abnormally increased CD4+ T-cell population. T-cell receptor clonality assessment by next-generation sequencing revealed a dominant clone in the ß-chain constant region. No pathogenic mutations in 25 lymphoma-related genes were found. Due to her asymptomatic T-PLL disease, we observed her clinical situation and blood count every three months for at least one year.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7310135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141895186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Serdar Aykut, Suleyman Cansun Demir, Ismaıl Cuneyt Evruke, Mete Sucu, Fatma Islek Uzay, Mesut Avan, Ozge Keles Bayer, Emre Yalcin
{"title":"Approach to Pregnancy Affected by Kell Alloimmunization.","authors":"Serdar Aykut, Suleyman Cansun Demir, Ismaıl Cuneyt Evruke, Mete Sucu, Fatma Islek Uzay, Mesut Avan, Ozge Keles Bayer, Emre Yalcin","doi":"10.1155/2024/1929147","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1929147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is the development of anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and finally hydrops fetalis in the fetus when antibodies to antigens on the surface of erythrocytes are transferred from the placenta to the fetus. The most common cause is D-HDFN. K (KEL1) from the Kell blood group system is the most potent immunogenic antigen after D among all blood group antigens. K-HDFN occurs in 0.1-0.3% of pregnant women. It accounts for 10% of cases of antibody-mediated severe fetal anemia. We present a successful management of Kell alloimmunization in a pregnant woman who had 3 times pregnancy loss with hydrops fetalis due to K-HDFN and who was proven to have K-HDFN in the postnatal period in her last pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1929147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janna Shold, Lea Jukic, Daniel Farrell, Wei Cui, Da Zhang
{"title":"EBV Positive Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma with Negative Pan-B Cell Markers, Case Report, and Literature Review.","authors":"Janna Shold, Lea Jukic, Daniel Farrell, Wei Cui, Da Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2024/4803071","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4803071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most B cell lymphomas are positive for one or more B cell markers including CD19, CD20, CD79a, or PAX5. However, rare cases of mature B cell lymphoma not expressing any B cell markers have been characterized and recognized as distinct diagnostic entities by current classification guidelines, including plasmablastic lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and ALK-positive large B cell lymphoma. We present a case of pan-B cell marker negative, EBV positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma that is positive for OCT2, BOB1, and clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangement that does not meet diagnostic criteria for any B cell lymphoma by current 4<sup>th</sup> and 5<sup>th</sup> Ed beta version WHO Hematolymphoid Tumors classification. In challenging cases like the one presented, utilizing OCT2 and BOB1 immunohistochemical stains can assist in determining B cell lineage. The WHO tumor classification system should consider adding OCT2 and BOB1 as alternative B cell lineage markers into their corresponding categories.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4803071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade in Patients Treated with First and Second Generation Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: An Underappreciated Risk.","authors":"Thomas Erblich, Charlotte Manisty, John Gribben","doi":"10.1155/2024/2312182","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/2312182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The introduction of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors significantly improved the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, BTK carry the risk of cardiotoxicity, which is not only limited to atrial fibrillation. <i>Case Reports</i>. We report three cases of patients on BTK inhibitors who developed acute pericarditis and cardiac tamponade. We report the first patient who developed this complication on treatment with zanubrutinib. This patient's treatment was changed to zanubrutinib due to atrial fibrillation. Shortly after cardioversion, he developed cardiac tamponade and shock. He underwent pericardiocentesis, received treatment for acute pericarditis with steroids and colchicine, and made a full recovery. We also report two further cases, both involving patients treated with ibrutinib. These patients also developed acute pericarditis and cardiac tamponade and required pericardiocentesis. All three patients discontinued BTK therapy following the events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These three cases highlight the rare but potentially life-threatening risk of cardiac tamponade which can occur even with newer generations of BTK inhibitors. Haemato-oncologists should remain vigilant in patients who report dyspnea or who show sinus tachycardia on routine electrocardiography. Even in the absence of classical clinical signs of tamponade, patients require urgent evaluation with echocardiography and potentially emergency pericardiocentesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"2312182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141628066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hodgkin Lymphoma Presenting as Cardiac Tamponade in a Young Female.","authors":"Georgia Kaiafa, Stylianos Daios, Stavroula Bountola, Triantafyllia Koletsa, Michail Makris, Charikleia Chatzikosma, Antonia Loukousia, Vasileios Perifanis, Antonios Ziakas, Christos Savopoulos","doi":"10.1155/2024/5597263","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5597263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon malignancy that is characterized by Hodgkin or Reed-Sternberg cells. Cardiac implications of HL remain one of the least investigated subjects. There are few case reports in the literature of cardiac tamponade in HL patients. We describe a case of a 21-year-old female patient who presented with cardiac tamponade as an initial presentation of HL. Any pericardial effusion significant for tamponade requires immediate drainage and fluid analysis for thorough investigation. Prompt identification and timely intervention are crucial in effectively addressing these complex situations. Therefore, clinicians should maintain heightened awareness in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5597263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11250532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141628065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua Glass, Julia Weston, Amy Feldman Lewanda, Suvankar Majumdar
{"title":"<i>De Novo</i> Variant in the <i>RPL27</i> Gene in a Second Infant with Diamond-Blackfan Anemia.","authors":"Joshua Glass, Julia Weston, Amy Feldman Lewanda, Suvankar Majumdar","doi":"10.1155/2024/6626388","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6626388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a 10-month-old female with Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) who presented with macrocytic anemia and reticulocytopenia. Whole exome sequencing revealed a <i>de novo</i> intronic variant in <i>RPL27</i> (NM_000988.3:c.-2-1G > A p.?) previously reported in one individual with DBA. The existing literature suggests the <i>RPL27</i> gene encodes for a ribosomal protein involved in pre-rRNA processing and erythropoiesis. Further research is needed to assess the functional significance of this variant and its implications for genetic testing and therapeutic strategies. This case expands the clinical spectrum of <i>RPL27</i>-associated DBA and highlights the importance of reclassifying this gene to likely pathogenic.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6626388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11236463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cedric Stabel, F J Sherida H Woei-A-Jin, Thomas Tousseyn, Maria Garmyn
{"title":"Sulfasalazine-Induced Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Mucocutaneous Ulcer.","authors":"Cedric Stabel, F J Sherida H Woei-A-Jin, Thomas Tousseyn, Maria Garmyn","doi":"10.1155/2024/6883657","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6883657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may cause a wide spectrum of symptomatology in humans ranging from asymptomatic upper respiratory tract infection to infectious mononucleosis and in more severe cases lymphoproliferative disorders or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Its neoplastic potential is higher in immunocompromised individuals. We describe a case of EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer, a more indolent clinical entity on the spectrum of EBV-driven lymphoproliferative disorders, and are one of the first to put sulfasalazine, an immunomodulatory agent, forward as the possible culprit.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6883657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gi Eun Kim, Yousif Khaled, Saleh Mahmoud, Amin Ur Rehman
{"title":"Chylothorax as Initial Presentation of Follicular Lymphoma: A Case Report and Literature Search.","authors":"Gi Eun Kim, Yousif Khaled, Saleh Mahmoud, Amin Ur Rehman","doi":"10.1155/2024/7985228","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7985228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chylothorax is accumulation of chyle in pleural space. Causes include traumatic, such as after esophagectomy, and nontraumatic, most commonly malignancy. Lymphoma usually presents as asymptomatic lymphadenopathy, and chylothorax tends to occur late in disease course. Chylothorax as initial presentation of lymphoma is rare with only case reports. We present a case of 43-year-old female who presented with dyspnea only with no B symptoms and found to have left-sided chylothorax, and was later diagnosed to have stage IV follicular lymphoma. This case highlights an atypical presentation of follicular lymphoma, to help physicians to reach diagnosis earlier in similar cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7985228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11208796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amy Song, Julie Y Li, Samuel G Cockey, Richard Shao, Hailing Zhang
{"title":"EBV-Positive Pleomorphic Variant Transformation of CD5-Negative Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Amy Song, Julie Y Li, Samuel G Cockey, Richard Shao, Hailing Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2024/3267739","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3267739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a mature B-cell lymphoma associated with cyclin D family rearrangements and typically expresses CD5 and cyclin D1. Epstein-Barr virus- (EBV-) positive MCL is rare, and the role of EBV infection and its transformation in MCL remains unclear. We present a case of CD5-negative classic MCL that progressed to an EBV + pleomorphic MCL six years after the initial diagnosis. Molecular studies confirmed the same clonal origin. To the best of our knowledge, the EBV-positive transformation of CD5-negative MCL into a pleomorphic variant has rarely been reported, and its recognition is important for the diagnosis and the management of patients with MCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3267739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11208810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Treatment of a Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with Multiple Isolated Relapses in the Central Nervous System: A Case Report and Mini-Review of the Literature.","authors":"Qixin Sun, Wenyi Chen, Ahui Wang, Zili Yang, Guiping Chen, Zhigang Zhu","doi":"10.1155/2024/5593775","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5593775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The efficacy of therapeutics for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has exhibited an increase in recent years. Only a few patients experience relapse, including extramedullary relapse, and in patients with extramedullary relapse, the central nervous system (CNS) is the most common site. To date, there is no expert consensus or clinical guidelines available for CNS relapse, at least to the best of our knowledge. The optimal therapeutic strategy and management options for these patients remain unclear. The present study reports the treatment of a patient with APL with multiple isolated relapses in the CNS. In addition, through a mini-review of the literature, the present study provides a summary of various reports of this disease and discusses possible treatment options for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46307,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Hematology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5593775"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11087148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}