Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A Case Report of Metastatic Primary Thyroid Sarcoma Evaluated by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.","authors":"Archana Yadav, A V S Anil Kumar, Vempa Satish, Kritika Dewan","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_147_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_147_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the thyroid malignancies, primary thyroid sarcomas are very rare, comprising < 1% of all thyroid malignancies. Sarcoma, in particular spindle cell sarcomas of the thyroid gland, is very rare and aggressive which carries poor prognosis. Very little has been published regarding imaging findings and metastatic patterns of this rare entity. We report a case of metastatic spindle cell sarcoma of the thyroid presenting with hoarseness of voice and anterior neck swelling. Subsequent fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) imaging demonstrated a fluorine-18-FDG avid mass lesion in the left lobe of the thyroid, along with FDG avid cervical lymph nodes and multiple FDG avid nodules of varying sizes in the bilateral lung fields. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT proved invaluable in accurately staging this rare case of metastatic high-grade sarcoma originating from the thyroid.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"95-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive Value of Cardiac Dyssynchrony Parameters using Rest Myocardial Perfusion SPECT in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study.","authors":"Kabilash Dhayalan, Harish Goyal, Lara Churchill, Raja Selvaraj, Dhanapathi Halanaik","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_86_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_86_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac sarcoidosis is a challenging condition to diagnose with potentially severe consequences. Early diagnosis is crucial, but existing criteria help in diagnosis, not without limitations. This study explores the status of cardiac dyssynchrony parameters measured through gated myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in diagnosing cardiac sarcoidosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analytical study using data from patients who underwent cardiac inflammation imaging study (which includes myocardial perfusion SPECT and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) under cardiac inflammatory protocol) between September 2018 and September 2021. The images were analyzed independently by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians. The patients were categorized as sarcoidosis positive or negative based on the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) 2016 guidelines. Cardiac dyssynchrony parameters were assessed using phase analysis of the gated SPECT study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 22 patients (11 males, 11 females), 9 were positive for cardiac sarcoidosis according to JCS 2016 criteria. Data from 9 normal control subjects were analyzed separately. The dyssynchrony parameters assessed on gated SPECT studies were significantly higher in sarcoidosis-positive patients (mean phase standard deviation [PSD] =43.05 and phase histogram bandwidth [PHB] =108.11) compared to normal control subjects (mean PSD = 19.68 and PHB = 56.22, <i>P</i> = 0.01). However, these parameters did not show a significant difference compared to sarcoidosis-negative patients (mean PSD = 51.13, mean PHB = 143.23, <i>P</i> = 0.293).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiac dyssynchrony parameters from gated myocardial perfusion SPECT are higher in sarcoidosis patients when compared to the normal control subjects. The potential role in aiding the diagnosis of early cardiac sarcoidosis should be further investigated. To validate these findings and assess their clinical utility, further research is needed with larger sample sizes, early-stage disease, and elimination of confounding factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"72-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Busting Myths and Misinformation about Nuclear Medicine: Public Health Interventions.","authors":"Saurabh RamBihariLal Shrivastava, Prateek Sudhakar Bobhate, Gulshan Ruprao Bandre","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_145_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_145_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nuclear medicine has transformed healthcare delivery and played a crucial role in improving the quality of life of patients. Although nuclear medicine has multiple applications, its usage and acceptance among the general population is being influenced by the prevailing myths and misinformation. The need of the hour is that we must take targeted interventions to address these myths with information to augment the confidence of the general population, including its life-saving potential. In conclusion, nuclear medicine has a broad scope in healthcare delivery but the presence of myths and misconceptions about nuclear medicine has limited its utilization. This calls for organizing public health campaigns, empowering healthcare professionals, and facilitating transparent communication for optimal utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"124-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of ATTR Cardiac Amyloidosis in Patients with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Using Tc-99m Pyrophosphate Scintigraphy.","authors":"V M Vimala Priyadharshini, Indirani Muthukrishnan, Shelley Simon","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_156_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_156_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular deposition of fibrillar proteins, leading to tissue damage and dysfunction. Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) occurs when these fibrils accumulate in the heart's extracellular matrix, causing infiltrative cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and potentially death. Early diagnosis is imperative in accurate management. Transthyretin amyloidosis, either hereditary or age-related, is a common cause of CA, often presenting with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study investigates the utility of Tc-99 m Pyrophosphate (Tc-99 m PYP) imaging in diagnosing Transthyretin Amyloidosis ((ATTR)-CA) in patients with unexplained LVH.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective observational study, conducted between January 2023 and June 2024, involved 52 patients with clinical suspicion of CA and left ventricular wall thickness >12 mm. Patients underwent Tc-99 m PYP scintigraphy, and the results were categorized as positive, negative, or equivocal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population's mean age was 64.6 years, with a male predominance (69%). Of the 52 patients, 9 (17.3%) had positive, 28 (53.8%) negative, and 15 (28.8%) equivocal Tc-99 m PYP scan results. Echocardiographic features, such as septal hypertrophy and granular speckled appearance, were significantly associated with positive scan findings. Comorbidities such as coronary artery disease and dyslipidemia were also common. Cardiac biomarkers NT-proBNP and troponin I showed elevated levels in patients with positive scan results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tc-99 m PYP imaging is an effective noninvasive tool for diagnosing ATTR CA, particularly in patients with unexplained LVH. The presence of HFpEF, abnormal ECG, and restrictive features on echocardiography should prompt further investigation for CA. Early diagnosis allows for timely management, improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"79-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental Detection of NSTEMI on Whole-body [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT.","authors":"Ujwal Bhure, Nina Lampe, Tatjana Leike, Hannes Grünig, Raban Jeger, Klaus Strobel","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_163_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_163_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Besides tumor imaging, ¹⁸fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is equally useful for the detection of inflammatory diseases such as polymyalgia rheumatica and large vessel vasculitis. Critical incidental findings might be observed with FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) needing urgent medical attention and intervention. We present a case of an 81-year-old patient with a history of polymyalgia rheumatica. Cardiac activity representing an evolving non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction was detected incidentally by FDG PET/CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"117-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffuse Pulmonary ^99mTc-MDP Uptake on Bone Scintigraphy: A Paraneoplastic Hypercalcemia Clue in Cervical Carcinoma.","authors":"Ikram Zahfir, Yassir Benameur, Meryem Aboussabr, Salah Nabih Oueriagli, Omar Ait Sahel, Abderrahim Doudouh","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_19_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_19_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>^99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy is a cornerstone imaging modality for skeletal assessment; however, extraosseous radiotracer uptake may signal underlying systemic metabolic derangements. Diffuse pulmonary uptake, classically linked to metastatic calcification, is commonly observed in chronic kidney disease patients with calcium-phosphate homeostasis disruption. We present an uncommon case of bilateral pulmonary ^99mTc-Methylene diphosphonate (MDP) uptake in a 48-year-old female with advanced cervical carcinoma, renal insufficiency, and severe hypercalcemia accompanied by paradoxically normal parathyroid hormone levels. While thoracic computed tomography showed no structural abnormalities, bone scintigraphy demonstrated diffuse pulmonary radiotracer accumulation, consistent with metastatic calcification secondary to calcium-phosphate deposition within alveolar walls. This case underscores the critical need for vigilant monitoring of metabolic complications in oncology patients, especially those with renal impairment, and highlights the diagnostic value of bone scintigraphy in identifying occult extraskeletal pathologies, even when conventional imaging appears unremarkable. The findings advocate for integrating metabolic profiling with functional imaging to better understand atypical tracer uptake patterns in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"120-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular imaging findings with ¹⁸F-FDG and ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT in a case of chronic polyarthralgia.","authors":"Aparna Mahalik, Sivasankar Kanankulam Velliangiri, Sanjana Ballal, Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_152_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_152_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Positron emission tomography (PET) with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose for detection of active inflammation is well documented; however, the <i>in vivo</i> visualization of immune-mediated tissue remodeling has not been possible till date. With the recent development of ⁶⁸Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI), which specifically binds to the activated fibroblasts located around the synovium allowing for the visualization of mesenchymal and stromal activation process <i>in vivo</i>, it is possible to use this modality to use as an objective indicator of disease activity. We observed increased FAPI uptake around all the large joints of the bilateral upper and lower limbs of a chronic polyarthralgia patient. In view of the specificity of FAPI for the activated fibroblasts, the possibility of future therapeutic approach using FAPI must, therefore, be kept in mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"113-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Management and Long-term Survival of Malignant Struma Ovarii with Radioactive Iodine Therapy.","authors":"Nimmagadda Ajit, Zakir Ali Abubacker, Prathyusha Bikkina, C B Virupakshappa","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_4_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_4_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian teratoma with predominant thyroid tissue. Malignant SO (MSO) occurs in 5%-10% of cases, with papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas being the most common malignant types. The disease is typically diagnosed in women aged 40-60 years, and management protocols are not well defined due to its rarity. We report the case of a 37-year-old female who initially presented with vague abdominal pain and a complicated right ovarian cyst and who underwent right oophorectomy. Histopathology confirmed SO. Two years later, she experienced a recurrence with elevated cancer antigen 125 levels and a new left adnexal mass. The surgical intervention included total abdominal hysterectomy, with left Salpingo-ophorectomy and laparotomy revealing disseminated disease. A total thyroidectomy showed no malignancy, and the patient required multiple doses of radioactive iodine (RAI). Over 20 years, she received a cumulative dose of 1250 mCi of RAI and remains asymptomatic with stable disease. MSO is a rare tumor that often requires a combination of surgical intervention and RAI therapy for effective management. This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including surgery and RAI, in managing extensive or recurrent MSO, and provides insights into long-term management and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"109-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental Adrenal Histoplasmosis Revealed by FAPI PET-CT in an Immunocompetent Patient.","authors":"Sairam Doppalapudi, Ashish Mohite, Rumaanah Khan, Karuna Luthra","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_143_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_143_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 77-year-old male presented with pyrexia of unknown origin. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed adrenal lesions, a suspicion of neoplasia was raised, and Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG PET-CT) was recommended. Since the patient had uncontrolled diabetes (Fasting Blood Sugar - 326 mg/dL), FDG-PET was not feasible. The patient, therefore, underwent Ga68-Fibroblast Activating Protein Inhibitor - 46 PET-CT (FAPI PET-CT). Scan showed high-grade Fibroblast Activating Protein (FAP) expression in bilateral enlarged adrenals. Findings appeared atypical for malignancy and the possibility of chronic inflammatory/infectious condition was raised. Biopsy proved adrenal histoplasmosis (AH). Although FDG avidity in AH is known and previously reported, this is best to our knowledge the first literature documentation of FAP expression in AH.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 1","pages":"49-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpectedly Low FDG and FAPI Uptake in Mucosal Melanoma: Case Report with Literature Review.","authors":"Nimmagadda Ajit, Prathyusha Bikkina, Zakir Ali Abubacker, C B Virupakshappa, S Lm Chandrasekhar Rao, Koyye Ravindranath Tagore, Suseela Kodandapani","doi":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_123_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_123_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucosal melanomas (MMs) represent a rare subset of melanomas arising from melanocytes in noncutaneous sites such as mucosal membranes of the head-and-neck, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts. Unlike cutaneous melanomas, MMs often present late due to their occult nature, leading to a poor prognosis. Fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is widely utilized for staging and monitoring melanomas, leveraging their characteristic high FDG avidity. Recently, fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-based PET/CT imaging has become a popular modality in the evaluation of various cancers. Here, we present a case of MM where FDG avidity was notably absent and mild FAPI avidity, despite the lesion's typical anatomical location and clinical suspicion. This case highlights an uncommon scenario within the literature and underscores the variability in radiotracer uptake observed in MMs, challenging conventional imaging expectations and potentially impacting clinical management decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45830,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 1","pages":"32-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}