Clinical Neurophysiology Practice最新文献

{"title":"Stimulation selectivity in transcranial motor evoked potentials for monitoring during surgery for supratentorial lesions","authors":"Tammam Abboud ,&nbsp;Jan-Bernd Wemhoff ,&nbsp;Fares Komboz ,&nbsp;Angelina Nazarenus ,&nbsp;Tatiana Chacon ,&nbsp;Dorothee Mielke ,&nbsp;Veit Rohde","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify the most selective electrode configuration for monitoring of transcranial motor evoked potentials (TcMEP) during supratentorial tumor surgery and determine the stimulation threshold at which bilateral corticospinal tract (CST) activation occurs at deeper white matter levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-six patients undergoing resection of supratentorial tumors without preoperative motor deficits were prospectively included. TcMEPs were elicited under general anesthesia using three electrode configurations: C1 ↔ C2, C3 ↔ C4, and C3/4 → Cz. Motor thresholds (MT) were recorded bilaterally from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), and the selectivity ratio (ipsilateral/contralateral MT) was calculated. Electrode combinations were compared using paired t-tests. Linear regression assessed the influence of age, sex, height, and weight.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The C3/4 → Cz montage demonstrated the highest selectivity ratio (median 248%, range: 140–364%), significantly greater than C1 ↔ C2 and C3 ↔ C4 (p &lt; 0.001). Bilateral CST activation with C3/4 → Cz began at 140% of the contralateral MT. Age correlated with lower MTs; sex, height, and weight had no significant effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>C3/4 → Cz is the most selective configuration for eliciting contralateral TcMEP and requires higher stimulation intensity before activating bilateral CST fibers at deeper levels.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study supports using C3/4 → Cz to optimize TcMEP selectivity and reduce the risk of false-negative monitoring due to deep white matter stimulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 86-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A movie in the operating theater: Guided story narration as a pragmatic language screening tool during awake craniotomy","authors":"Nishanth Sampath ,&nbsp;Sunil Kapilavayi Raghavendra ,&nbsp;Vishwaraj Ratha ,&nbsp;Gomathi Sivakumar ,&nbsp;Vijay Sankaran ,&nbsp;Suresh Bapu K.R.","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 36-37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating paediatric normative values for nerve studies using clustering techniques","authors":"G.K. Cooray ,&nbsp;D. Motan ,&nbsp;K. Howse ,&nbsp;L. Nastasi ,&nbsp;J. Deeb","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective:</h3><div>To estimate normative values from mixed clinical paediatric electroneurography data using an unsupervised clustering approach.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>Electroneurography studies from paediatric patients (2009–2024) were analysed for common motor and sensory nerves. Motor parameters included distal motor latency, CMAP amplitude, duration, area, and conduction velocity; sensory parameters included SNAP amplitude and conduction velocity. Data were grouped into age windows, and within each, t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE) was applied to identify the normative distribution. The mean, 5th, and 95th centiles were derived and modelled using exponential fits.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>Normative values were estimated for ages 0–18 years. Motor amplitudes increased with age, and conduction velocities rose rapidly until 3–4 years before plateauing. Distal motor latency showed a brief early dip followed by an increase. Sensory amplitudes peaked between 1 and 8 years, while sensory conduction velocities increased sharply in the first year, then gradually declined.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>Unsupervised clustering can derive normative paediatric electroneurography values from heterogeneous clinical data, yielding trends consistent with published references.</div></div><div><h3>Significance:</h3><div>This data-driven approach is practical, generalisable, and enables identification of likely healthy individuals using multivariate electrophysiological parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to editor re: “Stimulation selectivity in transcranial motor evoked potentials for monitoring during surgery for supratentorial lesions”","authors":"Justin W. Silverstein ,&nbsp;Otakhon Matchanov ,&nbsp;Jung Park ,&nbsp;Daniel G. Eichberg ,&nbsp;Jason A. Ellis ,&nbsp;Randy S. D’Amico","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 216-217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147537693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and neurophysiological changes associated with a single session of bimanual task practice after stroke","authors":"Joshua Jacob ,&nbsp;Jessica Hesling-Fox ,&nbsp;Masahiro Yamada ,&nbsp;Shailesh Kantak","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Stroke survivors often show slower, uncoordinated bimanual performance. This study examined the effects of a single session of bimanual task practice on performance, coordination, motor corticospinal excitability (CSE), and transcallosal inhibition in stroke survivors compared to age-matched controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eleven individuals with chronic stroke and ten neurotypical controls practiced a naturalistic bimanual task for 400 trials. Movement time, errors and bimanual coordination ability were assessed before and after practice. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to examine CSE of the ipsilesional and contralesional motor cortices (M1), and ipsilateral silent period duration and inhibition in the two M1s at pre- and post-test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both groups significantly reduced movement time without increasing errors. Controls improved bimanual coordination, but stroke survivors did not. Controls showed significant increases in bilateral CSE, while stroke survivors showed increase only in contralesional CSE. Ipsilateral silent period duration and inhibition remained unchanged in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A single session of bimanual task practice improves speed, but not bimanual coordination in stroke survivors. Novel to this study, contralesional, but not ipsilesional CSE is modulated following a single bimanual task practice session.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Findings highlight potential clinical relevance for neurorehabilitation strategies targeting bimanual coordination for improved arm function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 393-402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148230816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term neuromuscular alterations during botulinum toxin treatment for chronic migraine","authors":"Tina Plensäll,&nbsp;Maarika Liik,&nbsp;Artor Pogosean,&nbsp;Annika Eriksson,&nbsp;Malin Garrett,&nbsp;Jan Olszowy,&nbsp;Sven Jackmann,&nbsp;Anna Rostedt Punga","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate early and long-term neuromuscular and clinical effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) in women with chronic migraine undergoing sustained treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty female patients were stratified by cumulative BoNTA exposure (treatment-naïve, ∼1 year, 2–5 years, &gt;5 years). Clinical outcomes included migraine frequency, pain burden, and quality of life. Neurophysiological assessments during one treatment cycle comprised motor nerve conduction studies, quantitative EMG, jitter analysis, and blink reflex. Serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were also measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>BoNTA significantly reduced migraine days (<em>p</em> = 0.0008) with sustained benefit across treatment groups. Neuromuscular side effects were reported in 75% of patients treated for ≥1 year, including ptosis, diplopia, and shoulder weakness. In treatment-naive patients, frontalis CMAP amplitudes declined significantly from baseline to week 12 (<em>p</em> = 0.0006), whereas cumulative reductions were most pronounced in the trapezius muscle in patients treated for 2–5 years (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). EMG showed spontaneous activity consistent with denervation in up to 60% of patients and myopathic patterns in 30–40% of long-term-treated individuals. Abnormal jitter in the orbicularis oculi was present in 47% at week 12. NfL levels were higher in long-term treated groups at week 4 (<em>p</em> = 0.0095), while GFAP remained unchanged. Subtle blink reflex abnormalities suggested possible central modulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>BoNTA is associated with persistent neuromuscular alterations, with early effects in facial muscles and cumulative changes in the trapezius.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>These findings support the occurrence of treatment-dependent neuromuscular side effects and highlight the need for monitoring during long-term therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 503-511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13324298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foot dorsum thermal quantitative sensory testing thresholds in healthy Vietnamese adults: Reference data","authors":"Phan Hoang Phuong Khanh MD,&nbsp;Pham Dinh San MD,&nbsp;Phan Hoang Dang Khoa MD, MSc,&nbsp;Nguyen Huu Cong MD, PhD,&nbsp;Nguyen Le Viet Hung MD, PhD,&nbsp;Nguyen Le Trung Hieu MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Objective:</strong> To provide preliminary reference data for thermal quantitative sensory testing (QST) at the foot dorsum in healthy Vietnamese adults and to examine associations with demographic and metabolic variables.</div><div><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional study included 68 healthy Vietnamese adults (23–80 years). Participants were screened to exclude diabetes and prediabetes according to ADA 2024 criteria. Cold Detection Threshold (CDT), Warm Detection Threshold (WDT), and Heat Pain Threshold (HPT) were assessed bilaterally at the foot dorsum using the Q-Sense device and the Method of Limits protocol. Reference intervals (2.5th–97.5th percentiles) were estimated using non-parametric methods. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate associations with age, sex, BMI, LDL-C, triglycerides, and HbA1c.</div><div><strong>Results:</strong> Bilateral symmetry supported the use of averaged bilateral values. Age was independently associated with all QST parameters (CDT β = −0.0299; WDT β = 0.0801; HPT β = 0.0739; all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In the reduced model, BMI was associated with CDT (β = 0.0929, <em>p</em> = 0.030), but this was not observed in the full model. LDL-C was associated with WDT in both models (β = 0.0122, <em>p</em> = 0.007; β = 0.0121, <em>p</em> = 0.011). Sex was not consistently associated with any parameter.</div><div><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study provides preliminary reference data for thermal QST in a Vietnamese population. Age was the most determinant of thermal thresholds. LDL-C was associated with warm detection thresholds, while BMI was not significant in the full model.</div><div><strong>Significance:</strong> These data may support interpretation of thermal QST in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 562-569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate variability and heart rate in a sample of medicated and unmedicated adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder","authors":"Manuel Burkart,&nbsp;Sophie P. Scheer,&nbsp;Lea L. Backhausen,&nbsp;Magdalena K. Wekenborg,&nbsp;Nicole Beyer,&nbsp;Maria McDonald,&nbsp;Veit Roessner,&nbsp;Nora C. Vetter","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Alterations in autonomic nervous system activity – measured by heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) - have been proposed as a relevant biopsychological mechanism in several psychiatric disorders. However, only few studies have examined these parameters in OCD, and evidence from pediatric samples is particularly limited. The aim of this study was to investigate autonomic activity in pediatric OCD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A five minute resting state electrocardiogram was recorded in adolescents with OCD (<em>n</em> = 64) and age- and IQ-matched healthy controls (HC, <em>n</em> = 52). Autonomic activity was compared using the logarithmized root mean square of differences between successive R-R intervals (logRMSSD), the logarithmized high-frequency HRV (logHF-HRV), the percentage of adjacent NN intervals differing from each other by more than 50<!--> <!-->ms (pNN50) and HR. Associations with psychotropic medication status and symptom severity were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adolescents with OCD showed lower logRMSSD and higher HR than HC, whereas logHF-HRV and pNN50 did not differ between groups. No associations were found between cardiac measures and OCD symptom severity. Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested lower logHF-HRV and logRMSSD in medicated adolescents with OCD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings add to evidence for altered autonomic activity in pediatric OCD, reflected by elevated HR and lower RMSSD. The observed reduction in HRV did not increase with greater symptom severity and appeared most pronounced among medicated adolescents with OCD.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The autonomic imbalance observable in adolescents with OCD is common across anxiety disorders and has been linked to cardiovascular risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 689-696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148737277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cathodal tDCS in obsessive-compulsive disorder: cognitive and neurophysiological outcomes in a double-blind sham-controlled trial","authors":"Rut Zaks-Ohayon,&nbsp;Talia Beit-On Hakmon,&nbsp;Hagit Cohen,&nbsp;Itay Besser,&nbsp;Zippi Frenkel,&nbsp;Jonathan Guez,&nbsp;Doron Todder","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This preliminary study examined the efficacy of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in reducing symptom severity, enhancing cognitive flexibility, and modulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial was conducted with 20 patients meeting DSM-V criteria for OCD, of whom 15 completed the intervention and were included in the final analysis. Participants received cathodal mPFC-tDCS (2 mA, 20 min, 10 sessions) or sham stimulation. Symptom severity (Y-BOCS), cognitive flexibility (task-switching), salivary BDNF, and frontal alpha activity (qEEG at Fz) were measured at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The tDCS group exhibited greater reductions in Y-BOCS scores over time (<em>F</em>(2, 26) = 12.562, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, partial η² = 0.425). Task-switching performance improved in the experimental group compared with controls (<em>F</em>(2, 26) = 20.351, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, partial η² = 0.531). Salivary BDNF levels increased significantly in the tDCS group at follow-up (<em>F</em>(2, 16) = 6.086, <em>p</em> = 0.01, partial η² = 0.432). Trends toward normalization of frontal alpha activity were observed, but did not reach statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cathodal mPFC-tDCS was associated with reduced OCD symptom severity, improved cognitive flexibility, and increased salivary BDNF. These preliminary findings warrant replication in larger controlled samples.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study extends previous tDCS research in OCD by integrating clinical outcomes with cognitive performance and a peripheral marker of neuroplasticity. It provides preliminary support for mPFC-targeted tDCS as a potential intervention for OCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 774-781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergent technologies in clinical neurophysiology to study the neuromuscular system: IFCN handbook chapter","authors":"H. Tankisi,&nbsp;H. Bostock,&nbsp;L.D. Hobson-Webb,&nbsp;D. Holder,&nbsp;J. Howells,&nbsp;H. Olausson,&nbsp;S.B. Rutkove,&nbsp;N. Shahrizaila,&nbsp;W. Z'Graggen,&nbsp;J. Valls-Sole,&nbsp;J. Cole","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnp.2026.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present chapter of the new third series IFCN Handbook focuses on how peripheral neurophysiology may develop in the next five years or more. While some are clinical relevant, others are more experimental. The first three sections detail the possible futures of EMG, motor unit number estimation, surface EMG and movement. In a section on magnetoneurography, electrically induced signals are visualized in sensory nerves whilst that on magnetomyography shows how motor units may be identified in greater detail than with surface EMG. Electrical impedance methods for assessing nerve and muscle are considered, with the latter having been used clinically in several neurological conditions already. The section on microneurography describes how single nerve cells' response properties are related to RNA activity from dorsal root ganglion cells, leading to the identification of sixteen peripheral sensory nerve populations. Hyperexcitability syndromes can be difficult to diagnose, so nerve and muscle excitability testing, measuring membrane properties and ion channelopathies, shows clinical promise. The last section details ultrasound methods used in peripheral nerve and muscle disease and shows how ultrasound is becoming a necessary adjunct to nerve conduction studies and EMG. Common considerations between these methods' future include the greater use of artificial intelligence and that being non-invasive means they may be used for both diagnosis and long-term monitoring. Common barriers to wider availability include access to complex software and appropriate machines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45697,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 804-831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149050329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}