{"title":"A cutaneous nodule revealing Münchmeyer's disease.","authors":"Yasmine Rkiek, Ouiame El Jouari, Mouna Rimani, Meriem Haddad, Salim Gallouj","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Münchmeyer's disease, also known as fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, is an extremely rare congenital condition affecting the musculoskeletal system, occurring in approximately 1 in 2 million people. We report the case of a 13-month-old male toddler who presented with dorsal cutaneous nodules. Examination revealed a firm, immobile nodule and congenital hallux valgus with microdactyly. Imaging studies showed ossifications of the subcutaneous tissues, and genetic testing confirmed a mutation in the ACVR1 gene, leading to the diagnosis of Münchmeyer's disease. This disabling, progressive condition is characterized by extraskeletal ossification and congenital big toe malformations. The precocity of the diagnosis in this case is noteworthy, as Münchmeyer's disease is often misdiagnosed, leading to significant delays and complications. Awareness of this rare condition is important for dermatologists to avoid missed or delayed diagnoses, as early recognition and appropriate management are crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Zahid, Mohammad Es-Salim, Moaz O Moursi, Nabil Mahmood, Abdel-Naser Elzouki
{"title":"Hepatic vena cava syndrome: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Muhammad Zahid, Mohammad Es-Salim, Moaz O Moursi, Nabil Mahmood, Abdel-Naser Elzouki","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic vena cava syndrome (HVCS) is an uncommon condition, with no prior reports from the Gulf area. In regions with limited resources, where this disease is found, there is a lack of data due to underdiagnosis. HVCS results from recurrent bacterial thrombophlebitis of the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava (IVC), causing intimal thickening and obstruction, eventually leading to complications like liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 32-year-old Afghan refugee lady, presented with progressive abdominal distention. Initial investigations showed anemia, splenomegaly, and massive ascites. Further investigations revealed cirrhotic liver, varices, and a stenotic segment of the IVC. She was diagnosed with HVCS, underwent IVC stenting, and commenced on clopidogrel and dabigatran. Conclusion Often misdiagnosed, HVCS requires a high index of suspicion and should be considered in patients with liver cirrhosis with low socioeconomic backgrounds. Early diagnosis can prevent liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Aladawi, Mohamed Elfil, Pashayar Lookian, Zaid Najdawi, Mahmoud A Fayed, Edson DeOliveira, Steven Phillips
{"title":"Delayed cerebral vasculopathy following pneumococcal meningitis: a case report.","authors":"Mohammad Aladawi, Mohamed Elfil, Pashayar Lookian, Zaid Najdawi, Mahmoud A Fayed, Edson DeOliveira, Steven Phillips","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) remains a common disease, especially in developing countries. Although morbidity and mortality have improved with advances in medicine, significant neurologic complications of meningitis still occur. Delayed cerebral vasculopathy (DCV) is a unique complication following ABM leading to ischemic strokes and poor functional outcomes. We describe a case of a 66-year-old man with repeated acute infarcts from DCV due to ABM, notably in the absence of empiric dexamethasone treatment, which was not administered as meningitis was diagnosed post-antibiotic initiation. New areas of acute ischemia were noted on repeat imaging on days 6, 24, and 30 of admission. Vascular imaging revealed multifocal vascular stenosis, consistent with vasospasm that was successfully treated with Milrinone.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahab Haghollahi, Rebecca M Wood, Abdol Aziz Ould Ismail, Bing Ren, Muhammad Z Afzal
{"title":"Anastrozole-induced autoimmune hepatitis: a rare case report and literature review.","authors":"Shahab Haghollahi, Rebecca M Wood, Abdol Aziz Ould Ismail, Bing Ren, Muhammad Z Afzal","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anastrozole, an aromatase inhibitor (AI), has been used extensively for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an extremely rare but serious complication of anastrozole treatment.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We present the case of an 81-year-old female who presented with significantly elevated liver function test (LFTs) results 8 months after the initiation of anastrozole for early-stage breast cancer. Serological and liver biopsy findings were consistent with AIH. Discontinuation of anastrozole, along with a short course of steroids, resulted in rapid clinical improvement and normalization of both LFTs and autoantibodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians should be aware of drug-induced AIH as a rare but life-threatening complication of anastrozole and potentially other aromatase inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolated nodular hepatic tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient following dexamethasone treatment for COVID-19.","authors":"Jichang Seong, Egamberdiev Dilshod, Abdusattorov Ravshan","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf030","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic tuberculosis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of pulmonary or miliary tuberculosis, typically seen in immunocompromised individuals. Isolated nodular hepatic tuberculosis is exceptionally uncommon in immunocompetent individuals and often mimics other hepatic lesions such as hepatocellular carcinoma. We present a 35-year-old male who developed isolated nodular hepatic tuberculosis following high-dose dexamethasone treatment for COVID-19. Imaging and fine-needle aspiration cytology suggested hepatocellular carcinoma, prompting surgical hepatic segmentectomy. Postoperative histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of isolated nodular hepatic tuberculosis. This case highlights the potential risk of hepatic tuberculosis during temporary immunosuppression caused by high-dose dexamethasone treatment for COVID-19. Our case also emphasizes the importance of utilizing preoperative PCR and histopathological examination in diagnosing hepatic tuberculosis, helping to prevent unnecessary surgical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A case of Hyperkalemia-induced Brugada Phenocopy: a rare but serious electrocardiographic imposter.","authors":"Abraam Rezkalla, Islam Rajab, Fathi Milhem, Moath Hattab, Yezin Shamoon, Fayez Shamoon","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brugada Syndrome is a potentially fatal, hereditary cardiac disorder that may precipitate sudden cardiac death if not identified. An electrocardiogram (ECG) revealing a characteristic coved ST segment elevation followed by negative T wave in a right-sided precordial lead is pathognomonic for the Brugada pattern. Recently it has been shown that certain abnormalities, such as an electrolyte disturbance, may precipitate a Brugada pattern on ECG. Once the precipitating factor is treated, the rhythm reverts to baseline, coining the term Brugada Phenocopy. Here we present a captivating case of a 40-year-old female who was found unresponsive and determined to have a Brugada pattern on ECG secondary to hyperkalemia. Once appropriately treated, ECG reverts to normal baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiqi Qi, Manying Wen, Yicheng Huang, Yueming Liu, Shenghua Yao
{"title":"Primary renal lymphoma in a uremic patient.","authors":"Qiqi Qi, Manying Wen, Yicheng Huang, Yueming Liu, Shenghua Yao","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary renal lymphoma is a rare renal malignancy, and its occurrence in patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis is even more uncommon. Herein, we report the case of a 57-year-old woman undergoing maintenance haemodialysis, presenting with gross haematuria. After performing enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography-computed tomography, and a kidney biopsy, a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was detected. She was subsequently treated with five cycles of a modified R-CHOP regimen consisting of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, and achieved partial remission, as evidenced by an abdominal computed tomography scan. At the 15-month follow-up, no further enlargement or metastasis of the residual tumour was evident. We emphasize that the clinical manifestations of primary renal lymphoma (PRL) resemble those of renal cell carcinoma, necessitating an imaging and biopsy-based differential diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis. Although PRL has a highly aggressive phenotype and is associated with high mortality, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kostis Giannakopoulos, Persefoni Lambrou, Eleftherios G Kaklamanos, Maria Nefeli Christodoulou
{"title":"Increased caries risk in a Xerostomic patient with Darier disease: a case report of incipient and advanced carious lesions.","authors":"Kostis Giannakopoulos, Persefoni Lambrou, Eleftherios G Kaklamanos, Maria Nefeli Christodoulou","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Darier disease is a rare autosomal dominant inherited skin disorder, caused by mutations in the ATP2A2 gene. Oral manifestations can include mucosal lesions, salivary gland involvement, and xerostomia, that can significantly increase the risk of dental caries. A 58-year-old female with a confirmed diagnosis of Darier disease presented with oral manifestations, including recurrent sublingual blisters, xerostomia, and carious lesions. The intraoral examination revealed white spot carious lesions and cavitated caries, particularly in the cervical areas of several teeth. Dental treatment included fluoride mouthrinse, oral hygiene instructions, and restorative care for the cavitated teeth. The patient was also advised on preventive and symptomatic measures for xerostomia. Dentists should be aware of these potential issues and provide appropriate preventive, etiologic and symptomatic care. Regular follow-ups are essential to monitor the progression of dental lesions and manage oral health in patients with Dd.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 43-year-old female with personality changes and alien limb.","authors":"Anza Zahid, Zbigniew K Wszolek, Abdul R Alchaki","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor <i>(CSF1R)</i> encodes for a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed on microglia. <i>CSF1R</i> related disorder is a devastating autosomal dominant leukoencephalopathy caused by <i>CSF1R</i> with variable penetrance in adults. It remains significantly underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with an insidious onset of neurocognitive decline, alien limb phenomenon, and personality changes over 1 year. In this report we will discuss the clinical approach, differential diagnosis, investigation, and available treatment options for <i>CSF1R</i> related disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alsadig Suliman, Siddig Ali, Hiba Suliman, Shorouq Mohammed Ali, Reem Mohamed Osman
{"title":"Warfarin-induced skin necrosis concurrent with dengue fever: a case report highlighting diagnostic and management challenges in a conflict-affected region.","authors":"Alsadig Suliman, Siddig Ali, Hiba Suliman, Shorouq Mohammed Ali, Reem Mohamed Osman","doi":"10.1093/omcr/omaf047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/omcr/omaf047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Warfarin-induced skin necrosis (WSN) is a rare but serious complication of anticoagulation therapy. This case report describes a 34-year-old male with mechanical heart valves on long-term warfarin therapy who developed WSN after self-medicating with a doubled warfarin dose following a two-week interruption due to limited healthcare access in a conflict-affected region. Concurrently, he was diagnosed with dengue fever, further complicating anticoagulation management due to thrombocytopenia. Prompt discontinuation of warfarin, intravenous vitamin K administration, and delayed initiation of enoxaparin after platelet recovery were key aspects of treatment. Surgical debridement of necrotic skin lesions was performed, resulting in stabilization and recovery. This case highlights the unique diagnostic and management challenges of WSN in the setting of a concurrent dengue infection, especially in resource-limited settings and conflict-affected areas. Early recognition and tailored intervention are essential to prevent severe complications and improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45318,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Medical Case Reports","volume":"2025 5","pages":"omaf047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}