Pediatric Reports最新文献

{"title":"Interhospital Transportation of Pediatric Patients Undergoing Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV ECMO) Support-A 3-Year Regional Experience.","authors":"Bartłomiej Kociński, Jowita Rosada-Kurasińska, Piotr Ładziński, Alicja Muszyńska, Diana Zawierucha, Robert Judek, Paweł R Bednarek, Marcin Gładki, Alicja Bartkowska-Śniatkowska","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040102","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) has long been used in the treatment of acute respiratory and circulatory failure by providing time for damaged organs to recover. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of interhospital transport of pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure who had undergone venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) initiated at the referring facilities.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Because of the critical condition of these patients, the high risk associated with transport, and the failure of conventional therapies, ECMO was initiated at the referring center. After cannulation, the patients were transported by ground ambulance to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Poznań for further treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen patients aged 2 months to 11 years with acute respiratory failure were transferred to our ECMO center. The mean time from decision to departure was 7.62 h, and the mean ICU stay before transfer was 4.14 days. The mean transport distance was 157.5 km. No mortality occurred during transport, and no serious adverse events were reported. Two technical complications were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interhospital transport of pediatric patients on VV ECMO initiated at referring centers was feasible and safe, with favorable outcomes in patients who have exhausted conventional intensive care options. Effective collaboration between referring hospitals, ECMO centers, and emergency medical services was essential for optimal results.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Early Physiotherapy Interventions with Guided Parental Involvement on Motor Development in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Georgios Grammatikou, Efterpi Pavlidou, Nikolaos Strimpakos, Konstantinos Chandolias","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040100","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040100","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background/Objectives:&lt;/b&gt; Preterm birth is associated with increased risk of motor delay and broader neurodevelopmental vulnerability. Existing reviews have examined neonatal therapy, family-centered care, or early developmental intervention broadly, but the independent evidence for physiotherapy-based interventions in which parents actively deliver or support motor or sensorimotor activities remains uncertain. This review evaluated the effects of early physiotherapy with structured, guided parental involvement on motor development in preterm infants and examined intervention content, parental burden, safety, adherence, and durability of effects. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The review followed PRISMA 2020 and a prespecified PICO framework. The original PubMed, Scopus, and PEDro search was updated through 9 July 2026 using PubMed/MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, backward and forward citation tracking, and linked-report searches. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of early physiotherapy, motor, or structured sensorimotor intervention with an active parent-delivered or parent-supported component and a validated motor or neurodevelopmental outcome. Multiple publications from the same randomized cohort were linked and participants were counted once. Risk of bias was evaluated with Cochrane RoB 2, intervention reporting with TIDieR, and certainty with GRADE. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Ten reports represented five independent randomized cohorts and 393 unique randomized infants. The Norwegian Parent-Administered Physical Therapy Intervention (NOPPI) produced a moderate short-term improvement in TIMP performance at term-equivalent age, but no consistent advantage in general movements, motor performance at 3 or 24 months, or school-age motor outcomes. COPCA and a NICU-to-home physiotherapy program produced developmental improvement over time or selected short-term gains, without consistent superiority over active or developmental care comparators. A parent-administered sensorimotor intervention by Fucile et al. improved oral-feeding outcomes but not TIMP motor performance, and its linked 18-month follow-up did not demonstrate a clear developmental advantage. Badura et al. found no significant effect of a 10-week parent-delivered general-movement-based program on MOS-R or Bayley-III motor outcomes; adherence was variable, and a transient increase in maternal depressive symptoms at discharge highlighted the importance of treatment burden. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Guided parental involvement is feasible and may enhance short-term motor performance when activities are individualized, active, cue-responsive, and closely supervised. However, current evidence does not establish sustained superiority over well-structured usual or traditional care, developmental normalization, or benefit from passive sensorimotor input alone. Clinical implementation should combine competency-based parent training, explicit infant stress cues and stopping rules, ","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beginning Restorative Activities Very Early: A Quality Improvement Project to Advance ABCDEF Bundle Practice in a Pediatric Oncology Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Elizabeth Christian, Sarah Williams, Sara Tyson Husband, Amanda Brown, Mohammad Sabobeh, Sarah Schwartzberg, Eliza Hendrix, Sherry Locket, Deni Trone, Jennifer Featherston, Shankari Kalyanasundaram, Shilpa Gorantla, Maham Alam, Zhongheng Cai, Haitao Pan, Saad Ghafoor","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Children with cancer admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are at increased risk for post-intensive care syndrome (PICS-p) due to prolonged immobility, deep sedation, and severe illness. The ABCDEF bundle offers a framework for enhancing ICU care and patient recovery, but implementing all components in pediatric oncology patients is challenging. This study assesses the development and implementation of the BRAVE (Beginning Restorative Activities Very Early) initiative, specifically BRAVE2, to integrate the comprehensive ABCDEF bundle and a nurse-led mobility program, in collaboration with rehabilitation specialists, within a pediatric oncology intensive care unit. <b>Methods:</b> BRAVE2 was a quality improvement project conducted in a single pediatric ICU from 2022 to 2023. We analyzed ICU data to assess patient demographics, frequency of physical and occupational therapy (PT/OT) consultations, time to initial mobilization, and delirium screening rates (CAPD score of 9 or higher) for patients with ICU stays over 48 h. BRAVE2 addressed all elements of the ABCDEF bundle, including regular pain assessments, evaluation of spontaneous breathing readiness, sedation adjustments, delirium screening, early mobilization, and family engagement. Outcomes were monitored using statistical process control methods. <b>Results:</b> Of 140 patients, 117 (84%) remained in the ICU for more than 48 h. The delirium screening rate was 15.5%, consistently below the target of 30%. PT/OT consultations within 72 h occurred in 80.7% of patients, and early mobilization in 49.7% of patients, both below the 80% goal. However, 90.4% of patients with tracked mobility were able to ambulate during their ICU stay. No mobility-related safety incidents were reported. <b>Conclusions:</b> Rolling out a full ICU liberation plan in a pediatric oncology ICU is possible, and implementing a comprehensive one is feasible and sustainable despite challenges. Although therapist-led early mobilization did not meet targets, incorporating nurse-led mobility strategies and routine delirium screening has established a scalable model to enhance ICU care and support long-term recovery for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Early Childhood Exclusionary Practices Within an Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation Project in the United States of America.","authors":"Natalia Fraczek, John S Carlson, Jordan L Bernard, Gillian Ogilvie, Mary Mackrain","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040098","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Children in early childhood experience higher rates of suspension and expulsion than K-12 students, with persistent racial disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective descriptive observational study examined exclusionary practices among children ages 0-5 reported by providers participating in a state-level Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (IECMHC) initiative within the United States.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Providers (<i>n</i> = 689) reported that 3.50% of children were excluded in the 12 months prior to service initiation (1.90% suspended; 1.60% expelled), with higher rates among older children (ages 3-5), males, and Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) children. Among a subset of providers of children (n = 395) receiving child-and-family-focused (CFF) consultation, only 28 were expelled (7.09%), with the highest rate observed in children ages 30-36 months. Children expelled during CFF consultation more frequently exhibited atypical protective factors, elevated behavioral concerns, aggression at referral, and higher cumulative adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that CFF consultation may help mitigate childcare exclusionary practices when children present with severe social-emotional-behavioral challenges. Important considerations for future childcare research and prevention efforts are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicomponent Nutritional Support for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Pilot Study in Vietnam.","authors":"Ngoc Dieu Thi Phan, Toan Thi Thanh Do, Tuan Van Nguyen, Ngoc Bao Trinh, Huy Gia Ngo, Hoa Thi Ho, Tam Thi Thanh Le, Hiep Tri Ngo","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit severe food selectivity and micronutrient deficiencies, impacting growth and nutritional status. Evidence on integrated nutritional interventions in resource-constrained settings remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the feasibility and preliminary pre-post changes associated with a 12-week multicomponent nutritional intervention among Vietnamese children with ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this exploratory single-arm pilot study, 56 children with ASD (mean age 59.0 ± 22.3 months; 80.4% male) were recruited from five community centers in Nghe An Province, Vietnam. The intervention comprised caregiver nutrition education, individualized dietary counseling, and daily multi-micronutrient supplementation. Anthropometric indicators, biochemical markers, feeding behaviors, and dietary intake were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Pre-post changes were evaluated using paired statistical tests, and multivariable linear regression examined factors associated with growth response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study achieved a 100% completion rate, with all 56 recruited participants finishing the 12-week intervention and all scheduled follow-up assessments. Among children < 60 months, mean Weight-for-Age Z-score (WAZ) increased from -0.66 to -0.28 and mean Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ) from -1.18 to -0.97 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). For children older than 60 months, mean HAZ increased from -0.87 to -0.58 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and Body Mass Index-for-Age Z-score (BAZ) from -0.20 to 0.06 (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Significant increases occurred in serum zinc (10.29 to 11.72 µmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.001), ferritin (31.74 to 34.79 ng/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.001), and hemoglobin (122.73 to 124.77 g/L; <i>p</i> = 0.002), while albumin remained unchanged. Concurrent improvements were observed in feeding behaviors and nutrient-dense food intake. Regression analysis indicated that lower baseline anthropometric status was significantly associated with greater gains in WAZ and HAZ.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This community-based multicomponent intervention was feasible and associated with short-term improvements in feeding behaviors, dietary intake, selected biomarkers, and growth measures in children with ASD, supporting further evaluation in randomized controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsy and Intellectual Disability in a Boy with a 2q13 Microdeletion Affecting the <i>BUB1</i> Gene.","authors":"Verónica Judith Picos-Cárdenas, Roberto Iván Avendaño-Gálvez, Alberto Kousuke De la Herrán-Arita, Loranda Calderón-Zamora, Salvador Cervín-Serrano, José Alfredo Contreras-Gutiérrez, Dora María Cedano-Prieto, Juan Pablo Meza-Espinoza","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040096","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: The chromosomal microdeletion syndrome 2q13 is characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism, developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cardiac abnormalities, and seizures. <b>Case Presentation</b>: In this study, we present a descriptive genomic observation of a teenage boy presenting with epilepsy, intellectual disability, and mild facial dysmorphism, found to carry a 48.55 kb 2q13 microdeletion restricted to the <i>BUB1</i> locus alongside a concurrent 11q21 microdeletion. While his clinical features overlap with the 2q13 microdeletion spectrum, the exact pathogenic contribution of each variant remains a subject of hypothesis due to the lack of parental inheritance data. <b>Conclusions</b>: Further research is necessary to ascertain the impact of the concurrence of small deletions on these disorders. This case underscores the clinical complexity introduced by compound minor copy number variations and emphasizes the value of molecular cytogenetics in evaluating idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota and Sleep Disorders with a Special Focus on the Pediatric Population.","authors":"Alberto Verrotti, Virginia Filippini, Barbara Federici, Valentina Biagioli, Lino Nobili, Pietro Ferrara, Pasquale Striano","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040094","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing evidence indicates a bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and sleep disturbances in children, with the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) mediating this interaction. Sleep, circadian rhythms, and the gut microbiota form an interdependent and developmentally dynamic network that plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment during infancy and childhood. Although the mechanisms underlying this complex interaction have not yet been fully elucidated, emerging evidence suggests that multiple dimensions of sleep-including duration, quality, timing, and regularity-are closely associated with gut microbial composition and function. These findings support the rationale for nutritional and microbiota-targeted interventions during critical developmental windows. However, most mechanistic and taxonomic evidence derives from adult or mixed-age cohorts, while methodological heterogeneity, geographic bias, and the predominance of cross-sectional studies limit causal inference. This review provides an overview of the recent literature investigating the role of the gut microbiota in sleep and sleep disorders in children and summarizes potential microbiota-based therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morbidity and Mortality of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Neonates in a Tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Northeastern Mexico: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Esteban López-Garrido, Alejandra Guadalupe Polina Lugo, Ana Patricia Ortega-González, Hadassa Yuef Martínez-Padrón","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040095","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prematurity remains a major global health challenge and is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The risk of adverse outcomes is inversely associated with gestational age and birth weight. Although advances in neonatal intensive care have improved survival rates over recent decades, very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm neonates continue to experience substantial morbidity and remain vulnerable to long-term complications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the morbidity and mortality of very-low-birth-weight preterm neonates (<1500 g) admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ciudad Victoria (HRAEV), Mexico.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted through a review of medical records of VLBW preterm neonates admitted to the NICU between January 2019 and December 2023. Demographic, perinatal, clinical, and outcome-related data were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 VLBW preterm neonates were included. Mean gestational age was 29.8 ± 2.7 weeks, and mean birth weight was 1109 ± 238 g. The most common morbidities were respiratory distress syndrome (81.0%), apnea of prematurity (72.4%), hyperbilirubinemia (68.9%), pneumonia (34.5%), sepsis (32.7%), patent ductus arteriosus (25.8%), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (26.9% among infants who survived to 36 weeks' PMA), necrotizing enterocolitis (15.5%), and intraventricular hemorrhage (12.0%) and retinopathy of prematurity (8.6%). Overall mortality was 10.3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VLBW preterm neonates remain at high risk for significant morbidity despite relatively favorable survival rates. Respiratory distress syndrome, apnea of prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, and sepsis were the most frequent complications, whereas deaths occurred mainly in the context of severe respiratory and systemic complications, including neonatal asphyxia, pulmonary hypertension, sepsis, shock, and multiple organ failure. Survival outcomes should be interpreted cautiously because of differences in study populations, referral patterns, local viability practices, and study design across neonatal settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3-Month-Old Boy with a Giant Encephalocele-Resection of the Herniated Left Supra-Insular Hemisphere Without New Postoperative Motor Deficits.","authors":"Denis Ehrl, Vadym Burchak, Andrea Szelenyi, Joerg-Christian Tonn, Martin Staudt, Dorothee Rabenhorst, Mathias Kunz","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040093","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Importance:</b> Congenital encephalocele refers to the protrusion of CNS tissue through a skull defect. As a rare neural tube malformation, clinical evidence is particularly limited for large encephaloceles, and management is subject to ongoing discussions. <b>Clinical Presentation:</b> A 3-month-old boy presented with a left hemisphere herniation above the level of the Sylvian fissure into a congenital parietal encephalocele. No focal deficits were appreciated. We hypothesized that early prenatal damage due to protruding brain tissue may have resulted in unihemispheric motor control of both body sides. As such, surgical repair guided by intraoperative electrophysiology and plastic reconstruction was scheduled. Intraoperatively, bilateral and symmetric extremity response upon transcranial electric stimulation of the contra-lesional right hemisphere was detected, whereas no responses from direct cortical and subcortical stimulation of the herniated brain parenchyma were elicited. Complete resection of the herniated supra-insular hemisphere was provided, and no ischemic changes or new deficits occurred. At 24-month follow-up, the patient showed voluntary movements with both upper extremities and voluntary grasping with his left (non-paretic) hand, no mirror movements, no signs of spasticity, good eye contact, and could speak several words. <b>Conclusions:</b> Safe resection with excellent outcome can be provided even for large encephaloceles. Intraoperative electrophysiological findings aid in identifying the absence of cortico-spinal projections and appear helpful to avoid post-operative deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding the Prevention and Home Management of Bronchiolitis in Infants: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Melania Vázquez-Ortega, Héctor González-de la Torre, María-Naira Hernández-De Luis, Sergio Mies-Padilla, Claudio-Alberto Rodríguez-Suárez","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18040092","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18040092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Acute bronchiolitis is one of the leading respiratory infections in infants and represents a substantial burden on healthcare services. Parents' knowledge, attitudes and practices are key to its prevention and home management. The aim of this study was to analyze parents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the prevention and home management of bronchiolitis in infants in Gran Canaria, Spain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The Bronchiolitis Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Questionnaire was used, comprising 26 items grouped into four dimensions: risk factors, signs and symptoms, prevention, and care/pharmacological support. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, nonparametric tests, and multiple linear regression were performed. Statistical analysis was conducted using Jamovi (version 2.4.12). Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 162 parents were included. The mean normalized total score indicated an overall level of parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding acute bronchiolitis. Prevention was the dimension with the lowest scores, whereas signs and symptoms and care/pharmacological support showed comparatively better results. Higher overall scores were associated with educational level and previous experience with bronchiolitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parents showed insufficient knowledge, attitudes and practices, particularly in relation to prevention. Targeted educational interventions are needed to improve the home management of bronchiolitis and help reduce healthcare burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}