Pediatric Reports最新文献

{"title":"Should the Definition of Low Birth Weight Be Same in Every Ethnicity Considering the DOHaD Concept?","authors":"Yoshifumi Kasuga, Mamoru Tanaka","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010008","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant concern not only because of its association with perinatal outcomes, but also because of its long-term impact on future health. Despite the physical differences among individuals of different ethnicities, the definition of LBW remains the same for all ethnicities. This study aimed to explore and discuss this issue. We compiled national data from several countries and found that maternal height was negatively correlated with LBW incidence. We discovered the INTERGROWTH-21st chart may not be suitable for the Japanese population, as the Japanese birth weight chart differs from the INTERGROWTH-21st chart. Researchers have reported different LBW cutoff values used to assess adverse perinatal outcomes for different countries. However, there is currently no definition of LBW independent of the mother's country of origin that can be used for predicting the risk of adverse health outcomes. Therefore, the current era of personalized healthcare may be the perfect time to establish a standard definition of LBW which is independent of the mother's country of origin. Considering the future of healthcare, it seems an apt time to discuss the development of a more meaningful definition of LBW that can be applied across ethnicities. Further research is needed to investigate the cutoff values of LBW in every ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>ABCB1</i> Polymorphism Is Associated with Higher Carbamazepine Clearance in Children.","authors":"Natasa Djordjevic, Jelena Cukic, Dragana Dragas Milovanovic, Marija Radovanovic, Ivan Radosavljevic, Jelena Vuckovic Filipovic, Slobodan Obradovic, Dejan Baskic, Jasmina R Milovanovic, Slobodan Jankovic, Dragan Milovanovic","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010010","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of our study was to investigate the role of <i>ABCB1</i> polymorphism in the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine (CBZ) in children. The study enrolled 47 Serbian pediatric epileptic patients on CBZ treatment. Genotyping for <i>ABCB1</i> 1236C<T (rs1128503), 2677G<A/T (rs2032582) and 3435C<T (rs1045642) was carried out using the TaqMan method. Steady-state CBZ serum concentrations were available from our previous study, determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The NONMEM software and one-compartment model were used for pharmacokinetic analysis. <i>ABCB1</i> 1236C<T, 2677G<A/T and 3435C<T variations were found at the frequencies of 47.9%, 48.9% and 52.1%, respectively. The equation that described population clearance (CL) was CL (L/h) = 0.175 + 0.0403 × SEX + 0.0332 × <i>ABCB1</i> + 0.0176 × CYP1A2 + 0.000151 × DD where SEX has a value of 1 if male and 0 if female, <i>ABCB1</i> has a value of 1 if C-G-C/T-T-T and 0 if any other <i>ABCB1</i> diplotype, CYP1A2 has a value of 1 if -163A/A and 0 if -163C/C or C/A, and DD is the total CBZ daily dose (mg/day). The presence of the <i>ABCB1</i> 1236T-2677T-3435T haplotype is associated with an increased clearance of CBZ in pediatric epileptic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Relationship Between Midazolam Serum Concentrations and Paediatric Delirium in Critically Ill Children.","authors":"Sabrina Marongiu, Mathieu S Bolhuis, Daan J Touw, Martin C J Kneyber","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010007","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Intravenous midazolam is widely used for sedation in critically ill children. Sometimes, these children develop a paediatric delirium (PD). Our aim was to determine the relationship between midazolam serum concentration and the development of new PD in critically ill children.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective observational pilot study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), Groningen, the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>All children admitted to the PICU from October-December 2019 who received continuous midazolam administration.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>None.</p><p><strong>Measurements and main results: </strong>Twenty-five percent (n = 7) of the included patients (n = 28) developed new PD. In most patients, PD occurred following midazolam dose reduction. The median cumulative midazolam dose was higher in patients who developed PD compared to those without PD. We analysed 104 blood samples to determine the midazolam concentrations. To determine whether patients had PD, the Sophia Observation withdrawal Symptoms-Paediatric Delirium (SOS-PD) score was used. Patients suffering PD (n = 7) had a lower median midazolam concentration on that day compared with the day prior to PD detection. Analysis of the active metabolites, 1-hydroxymidazolam and 1-hydroxymidazolam glucuronide, showed similar results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PD may be linked to a sudden and significant reduction in the midazolam concentration in critically ill children. Further investigation in larger patient populations is necessary to validate our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a Structured Social Skills Training Program on Adolescents and Young Adults with Level 1 Autism.","authors":"Leonardo Zoccante, Sara Sabaini, Erika Rigotti, Sophia Marlene Bonatti, Camilla Lintas, Marco Zaffanello","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010006","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Level 1 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by challenges in social and communication skills. Despite these difficulties, individuals with level 1 ASD often exhibit average intelligence and typical language development. Improving socialisation skills in this population requires tailored approaches that address their specific needs and include targeted strategies. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured social skills training programme for adolescents and young adults with level 1 ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants diagnosed with level 1 ASD, regardless of gender, were consecutively recruited from an outpatient clinic. The intervention involved activities from the Social Skills, Autonomy, and Awareness Module, specifically designed for adolescents and young adults. Sessions were conducted fortnightly, lasting 1.5 to 3 h each, over 17 months. Adaptive behaviour was assessed using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales (VABS) at baseline and after completing the programme. Data were analysed with SPSS version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Statistical methods included automatic clustering to identify optimal clusters and Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to evaluate variable distributions among the clusters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 31 participants (77.4% female) with a mean age of 20.1 years (SD = 7.0) were included in the study. Two distinct clusters emerged. Cluster 1 (n = 8) had significantly higher mean ages and baseline Vineland II socialisation scores than Cluster 2 (n = 23). Both clusters demonstrated significant improvements in social skills following the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights distinct profiles within individuals with level 1 ASD, showing a clear link between age and social skill development. The intervention improved social skills for most participants, regardless of the age at which treatment began. For some individuals, alternative or augmented treatment strategies may be necessary to achieve optimal results.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Series of 40 Congenital Lung Malformation Cases and the Informative Value of CPAM Lesion Ratios.","authors":"Melanie Le, Phillip Harms, Kersten Peldschus, Carl-Martin Junge, Christian Tomuschat, Konrad Reinshagen","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010005","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In this single-center retrospective analysis, we present case data and insights gathered over the past eight years. Additionally, we computed postnatal, pre-therapy lesion-to-lung ratios of Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformations (CPAMs) to retrospectively assess potential outcome prediction using lesion-to-lung ratios.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected between 2015 and 2022. Information such as chosen therapy, surgical duration, postoperative hospital stay, and follow-up was obtained from electronic case records. Pre-therapy pulmonary lesion volumes [mm³], lesion-to-ipsilateral-lung ratio, and lesion-to-both-lungs ratio of CPAMs were retrospectively calculated from computed tomography images using specialized software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 40 identified cases, 27 had CPAM, 7 had pulmonary sequestration, 4 had bronchogenic cysts, and 2 had congenital lobar emphysema. Histological examinations of resected specimens revealed no malignancy. For CPAMs, the median surgery age was 7 months (interquartile range (IQR): 0.45-11), averaging 9.54 ± 15.01 months. The CPAM surgery lasted on average 126 ± 53 min (median 124 min (IQR 108-172)). The mean length of hospital stay was 6 ± 1.41 days for thoracoscopic surgery and 17 ± 18.23 days for open surgery. No clear link was found between the lesion ratio and management choice or surgical length. Notably, larger lesions tended to result in longer postoperative stays. CPAMs with a lesion-to-ipsilateral-lung ratio of ≤0.11 were asymptomatic.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>If patients present no symptoms, mild symptoms, or smaller CPAM lesions, \"wait and watch\" and a CT scan of the thorax up to approximately six months of age remain a reasonable approach. The true risk of malignancy remains ambiguous, especially since there was no evidence of malignancy in our biopsies. On the other hand, prophylactic surgery before symptoms arose led to earlier discharge and overall low intraoperative complications compared to symptomatic counterparts. Ultimately, the adopted therapy pathway remains a parental choice. For CPAMs, an increased lesion-to-lung ratio correlated with extended hospital stay and symptomatic presentation. However, there was no cut-off value for conservative or surgical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Results of Sensorimotor Room Training for the Improvement of Sensory and Motor Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.","authors":"Giulia Savarese, Rosa Mandia, Aldo Diavoletto, Michele Piscitelli, Francesca Impemba, Annatania Di Siervi, Luna Carpinelli, Franca Bottiglieri, Marianna Sessa, Giulio Corrivetti","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010004","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Motor skills in early and middle childhood are essential for physical play, social interactions, and academic development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit atypical sensory responses, which can impact self-care and other developmental areas. This study explores the impact of sensory and motor rehabilitation using a Motor Sensory Room to stimulate motor development in children with ASD. <i>Methods:</i> Twenty-five children with ASD, preschool and school-aged (2-10 years), were divided into three groups based on the DSM-5 severity levels. The PEP-3 scale was used to assess cognitive, language, motor, emotional, social, and behavioral development. Ten children underwent a 3-month Motor Sensory Room intervention, and data were collected longitudinally. A control group of ten children, matched in age, sex, and diagnosis, did not receive the intervention. A 12-month follow-up is planned for all participants. <i>Results:</i> Children exhibited diverse profiles. Type B subjects displayed more severe symptoms, while Type A showed milder symptoms with better language and interpersonal skills. After the 3-month intervention, improvements were noted in several PEP-3 areas. For sensory levels (hypo-reactivity), the percentage of individuals at medium levels increased from 44% to 50%. For hyper-reactivity, the percentage at medium levels rose from 30% to 40%. Motor skills improved, with the percentage of individuals with high motor abilities rising from 20% to 25%. Relational behaviors also saw gains, with an increase from 50% to 55% in medium-level behaviors. The experimental group demonstrated better outcomes compared to the control group, particularly in sensory and motor skills. <i>Conclusions:</i> Preliminary findings suggest that sensory and motor training in a Motor Sensory Room improves sensory integration, motor coordination, and social interaction in children with ASD. Further research is needed to confirm long-term benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Dysphagia in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Jamie Gilley, Elise Whalen, Audrey Latimore, Viviane Jung, Joseph Hagan, Alice King","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010003","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a complex congenital disorder often accompanied by long-term feeding difficulties. There is a paucity of published data regarding the impact of swallowing difficulties on long-term patient outcomes. Our study attempts to evaluate this phenomenon. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective chart review of infants born with CDH between 2021 and 2022 identified 45 patients. The following variables were identified: need for swallow study, stomach location, defect type, need for anti-reflux therapy, need for nasogastric tube (NG) or gastric tube (GT) at time of discharge, poor growth, and frequency of respiratory infections during the first 12 months of life. <b>Results:</b> Thirty-one percent of patients (<i>n</i> = 14) underwent a swallow study, 20% (<i>n</i> = 9) required long-term anti-reflux medications, 18% (<i>n</i> = 8) had a GT and 59% (<i>n</i> = 26) had an NG in place at time of discharge, 44% (<i>n</i> = 17) experienced poor growth as an outpatient, and 35% (<i>n</i> = 16) had respiratory infections in the first 12 months of life requiring hospitalization. Infants with a Type D defect commonly required GT at discharge (40%), experienced respiratory infections in the first 12 months (67%), and had poor growth as an outpatient (67%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings underscore the need for routine dysphagia screening in CDH infants during NICU admission. Differences in outcomes based on defect type suggest that early identification and targeted interventions for feeding and swallowing issues may improve long-term growth and respiratory outcomes for CDH patients. Further studies are warranted to develop standardized dysphagia management guidelines for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Aquatic Exercise on Walking Ability, Quality of Life, and Enjoyment in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Miki Nakatani, Yuji Kanejima, Kodai Ishihara, Hanhwa Koo, Kazuhiro P Izawa","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010002","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Aquatic exercise is attracting attention as a method of rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy (CP). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether aquatic exercise for children with CP improves their walking ability and quality of life (QOL) and is enjoyable for them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted on 2 August 2024 using three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews. Studies included in the review focused on aquatic exercise interventions for children with CP, with outcomes related to walking ability, QOL, or enjoyment. Studies that did not isolate the effects of aquatic exercise (except when combined with conventional interventions) were excluded. Two reviewers independently conducted screening and risk of bias assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies involving 94 participants in total were included in the review. Three of these studies had a control group. All four studies reported improvements in walking ability, including walking endurance and efficiency. One of two studies showed improvement in health-related QOL (HRQOL) compared to the control group, whereas the other did not show significant differences between groups. All three studies that assessed enjoyment reported high levels of enjoyment of aquatic exercise. However, all studies were at risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The reviewed studies suggest that aquatic exercise for children with CP may be enjoyable and may improve walking ability. Further research is needed to accurately assess the effects of aquatic exercise and compare it to other interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarker Analysis in Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Associations with Demographics and Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Felicia Manole, Alexia Manole, Andrei Nicolae Csep, Lavinia Davidescu, Călin Tudor Hozan, Eduard Szilagy, Florica Voiță-Mekeres, Andrada Florina Schwarz-Madar, Ariana Szilagyi","doi":"10.3390/pediatric17010001","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric17010001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are a significant global health burden, and understanding the immune response is crucial for developing effective diagnostic tools and treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the levels of specific biomarkers in 188 patients with URTIs and their association with demographic factors, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes. Immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin E (IgE), neutrophils, serum iron, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the patients was 5 years, with 46% being female and 63% from urban areas. Adenoiditis (37%), otitis (25%), and rhinitis (20%) were the most common diagnoses. While most biomarkers did not vary significantly by gender, neutrophil levels were significantly higher in females (<i>p</i> = 0.020). IgE levels were significantly elevated in rural patients compared to urban counterparts (<i>p</i> = 0.034).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ESR was significantly associated with rhinitis diagnosis, and IgE and ESR were predictive of otitis in multivariate models. However, many biomarkers did not significantly correlate with other diagnoses, contradicting previous research focusing on individual biomarkers. This study highlights the complexity of immune responses in URTIs and the need for more effective diagnostic tools. The findings can inform the development of tailored treatment strategies based on gender, area of origin, and infection type.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Behavioral and Emotional Problems and Their Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents in Jordan: Findings from a National School-Based Survey.","authors":"Bayan Labib, Yousef Khader, Sara Abu Khudair, Mohannad Al Nsour, Eizaburo Tanaka","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16040103","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16040103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Global research has reported that the number of children and adolescents suffering from mental health issues has increased over the past decades. In Jordan, there has been a growing interest in investigating mental health among these groups in the most recent decade; nevertheless, only a few studies have covered behavioral and emotional problems. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of behavioral and emotional problems among children and adolescents in Jordan and investigate their associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A large-scale, national, school-based cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and April 2023 on children and adolescents living in Jordan aged between 8 and 18 years. The study included public schools, private schools, UNRWAs schools, Zaatrai camp schools, and non-formal education centers. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to measure behavioral and emotional problems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 13.9% of the children had abnormal difficulty scores, and they suffered the most from emotional symptoms (17.9%). Syrian children in refugee camps had the highest rate of total difficulty (19.3%). In the adolescents, 19.7% had high levels of total difficulty, where conduct problems were the most reported (17.6%), and Syrian adolescents in refugee camps were highly affected (22.2%). The number of traumatic events, physical activity, problematic internet use, and family affluence were significantly associated with an increased risk of having behavioral and emotional problems in both the children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant proportion of children and adolescents struggle with emotional and behavioral problems in Jordan, and serious efforts are needed to enhance the status of mental health for adolescents and children.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"16 4","pages":"1223-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11677099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}