Pediatric Reports最新文献

{"title":"The Secure Base in the Storm: How Parent-Child Bonds Shape Coping in Pediatric Cancer Caregiving.","authors":"Damiano Rizzi, Lavinia Barone, Alessandra Balestra, Maria Montanaro, Francesca Nichelli, Emanuela Schivalocchi, Giulia Rampoldi, Marco Spinelli, Giulia Ciuffo, Letizia Pomponia Brescia, Valerio Cecinati, Marco Zecca, Claudia Greco, Francesca Lionetti, Jessica Rotella, Giulia Gambini, Catherine Klersy, Chiara Ionio","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020052","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A paediatric cancer diagnosis is a profound stressor for the entire family system. Although coping strategies are well-studied, their link to the quality of the parent-child attachment relationship remains less explored. In this study, we investigated whether dyadic attachment dynamics-specifically closeness and conflict between parent and child-are associated with the use of adaptive or maladaptive coping strategies in caregivers of children undergoing active treatment for oncohaematological diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multicentre, cross-sectional study across three Italian paediatric oncohaematology centres. A total of 165 caregivers of 91 paediatric patients aged 3-17 years completed self-report measures assessing parent-child relationship quality (Child-Parent Relationship Scale-CPRS), coping strategies (COPE-NVI), perceived social support (MSPSS), and resilience (RS-14). We tested whether the quality of the parent-child attachment relationship is associated with caregivers' coping strategies. We hypothesised that Attachment Closeness would be associated with adaptive coping (Positive Attitude, Social Support, Problem Orientation), whereas Attachment Conflict would be associated with maladaptive coping (Avoidance). We conducted multiple linear regression models, adjusted for key covariates and with robust standard errors clustered at the family level, to test these hypotheses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher levels of emotional closeness (CPRS) were significantly associated with greater use of adaptive coping strategies, specifically Positive Attitude (β = 0.20, <i>p</i> = 0.049) and Problem Orientation (β = 0.26, <i>p</i> = 0.002), even after controlling for sociodemographic factors, social support, and resilience. Conversely, higher levels of relational conflict were significantly associated with greater use of the maladaptive Avoidance strategy (β = 0.14, <i>p</i> = 0.015). The hypothesis linking closeness to Social Support seeking was not supported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that the parent-child attachment relationship is a significant correlate of caregiver coping strategies in caregivers of children with cancer. Interventions aimed at supporting the caregiver-child dyad by fostering emotional closeness and reducing conflict may promote more adaptive parental coping mechanisms, thereby enhancing family resilience and psychological adjustment throughout the treatment journey.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13119406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcomes After Childhood Stroke.","authors":"Kerttu Kivisikk, Pilvi Ilves, Mairi Männamaa, Eve Õiglane-Shlik, Nigul Ilves, Norman Ilves, Inga Talvik, Dagmar Loorits, Pille Kool, Rael Laugesaar","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020050","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to assess long-term outcomes in patients with different vascular types of childhood stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for children with childhood stroke (aged 29 days to 18 years) were collected from the Estonian Pediatric Stroke Database. Outcomes (death, recurrent stroke, epilepsy, neurodevelopmental outcome by pediatric stroke outcome measure (PSOM)) were assessed at a minimum of two years after stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Long-term outcome data were available for 44 patients with childhood stroke (including three patients who died of stroke). According to the PSOM, based on gender, age, location of stroke and epilepsy, there were no differences in outcomes, but patients with a Pediatric NIH Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) score of ≥6 had worse outcomes compared to patients with a score of <6. Children with arterial hemorrhagic stroke (AHS) were more likely to die, suffer from epilepsy and develop problems in the cognition/behavior PSOM subscale compared to children with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). Combined poor outcomes (epilepsy, PSOM ≥ 1, recurrent stroke, mortality) occurred in 75% (33/44) of all patients with long-term outcome data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combined poor outcomes occurred in 75% of the patients with childhood stroke. Patients with AHS showed higher mortality and worse long-term outcomes compared to patients with AIS in certain neurodevelopmental domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13118958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive Collaboration Between the Emergency Department and Neonatal Intensive Care to Treat a 16-Month-Old in Sepsis-Related Hemolytic Anemia with a Hemoglobin of 1.7 g/dL: A Case Report.","authors":"Matvei A Mozhaev, Samuel J Thomas, Evfrosiniia A Mozhaeva, Vraj S Patel, Mia N Aboukhaled, Antonia Bartlett, Muhammad Ansari, Brooke N Shook, Mark M Walsh","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020048","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: An 8-kg, 16-month-old child was brought to the emergency department of a regional community hospital with shallow respirations. Due to her pallor and the diluted appearance of the first blood sample, the emergency physician suspected sepsis associated with severe anemia. Her first laboratory results revealed a hemoglobin of 1.7 g/dL. Subsequent laboratory data revealed positive fibrin split products and hypofibrinogenemia with reticulocytosis. Because this regional community hospital did not have a pediatric intensivist, the emergency physician instead consulted a neonatal intensivist for guidance. <b>Methods</b>: A femoral intraosseous line was placed to allow aggressive massive transfusion. After consultation with the neonatal intensivist, packed red blood cells were transfused at a rate of 30 mL/kg/h. After transfusion, the patient became agitated and required repeated paralytic, sedative, and analgesic boluses of succinylcholine, ketamine, midazolam, dexmedetomidine, and fentanyl, with fentanyl and dexmedetomidine drips. The patient arrived at a tertiary care center 13 h after admission. <b>Results</b>: At the tertiary care center, the patient was weaned off the drips and was theorized to have secondary autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to sepsis after positive direct and indirect Coombs test. She was treated with a course of antibiotics, including cefepime and vancomycin, without steroids or immunotherapy. Five months later, her hemoglobin had returned to 12.1 g/dL, and she tested negative on direct and indirect Coombs test. <b>Conclusions</b>: This case highlights the importance of collaboration between and within departments to successfully manage pediatric hemostatic resuscitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13119438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Challenges in Severe Electrolyte Imbalance in Early Infancy: A Case Report of Secondary Pseudohypoaldosteronism.","authors":"Stanimira Elkina, Irina Halvadzhiyan, Venetsiya Bozhanova","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020049","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is a rare, transient condition caused by renal tubular resistance to aldosterone, most commonly associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) and/or congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). It mimics primary adrenal disorders, presenting with life-threatening electrolyte disturbances in early infancy. <b>Case Presentation:</b> We report a male infant admitted twice within the first four months of life with severe dehydration, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Urine cultures grew <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and later <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Imaging studies demonstrated obstructive CAKUT, including posterior urethral valves, bilateral megaureters, hydronephrosis, and bladder diverticulosis. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia was excluded. Further evaluation showed markedly elevated plasma renin and aldosterone levels, confirming secondary PHA. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous fluids, electrolyte correction, and antibiotic therapy. Subsequently, oral sodium chloride and bicarbonate supplementation were added. Stepwise surgical correction of the urinary tract anomalies was initiated. <b>Conclusions:</b> Secondary PHA should be considered in infants presenting with failure to thrive, dehydration, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia, particularly in the presence of UTI or CAKUT. Early recognition and differentiation from primary adrenal disorders are essential to prevent life-threatening complications. Prompt correction of electrolyte imbalance and management of the underlying urinary tract pathology are crucial for favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13118328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benign Acute Childhood Myositis Before and After COVID-19: A Nine-Year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Helena Ferreira, Carolina Pinto da Costa, Sofia Silva Faria, Ana Luísa Correia, Sofia Aroso","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020047","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This aim of this study was to describe the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized children with benign acute childhood myositis (BACM) and to evaluate seasonal patterns, including changes observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Methods</b>: We conducted a retrospective single-center review of pediatric patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of BACM between January 2016 and December 2024. Clinical, laboratory, and epidemiological data were analyzed, including seasonal distribution before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Results</b>: We identified 47 cases of BACM, with a male predominance (66%) and a median age of 7 years. Most cases (72%) occurred during autumn and spring. The most common prodromal symptoms were fever, cough and rhinorrhea. Bilateral calf pain was the most frequent presenting symptom. The median creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level was 4986 U/L, with higher values in boys (<i>p</i> = 0.040). Higher CPK levels were associated with longer hospital stays in our cohort (<i>p</i> = 0.030). Influenza B was the most frequently identified pathogen (63%). No BACM cases were recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020-2022), followed by an increase in 2024. All patients fully recovered, with a median hospital stay of 3.2 days. <b>Conclusions</b>: BACM is a self-limiting condition with a characteristic clinical and laboratory profile. The absence of cases during the COVID-19 pandemic suggests a possible association between reduced viral circulation and BACM incidence. Awareness of its typical presentation may support early diagnosis, reduce unnecessary investigations, and facilitate appropriate clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13119073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Management of a Primary Tooth with Ankylosis.","authors":"Yumeng Wu, Yandi Chen, Qiong Zhang, Yiran Peng, Jing Zou","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020046","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to investigate preventive management strategies and optimal intervention timing for dental ankylosis of primary teeth complicated by suspected pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption (PEIR), providing an evidence-based framework for clinical diagnosis and management. <b>Methods</b>: This case retrospectively reports a 7-year-old patient with an ankylosed mandibular left second primary molar (tooth 75), exhibiting radiographic features suggestive of pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption. The patient was in the mixed dentition stage with dental crowding. Preventive and interceptive orthodontic management was implemented to address space deficiency and guide occlusal development. The timing of extraction and space maintenance of tooth 75 was guided by space regaining, PEIR lesion progression, and crown development of tooth 35. <b>Results</b>: The permanent successor of tooth 75 (tooth 35) erupted successfully, dental crowding was alleviated, and a favorable occlusion was established. <b>Conclusions</b>: Early diagnosis and timely, individualized intervention for ankylosed primary teeth play an important role in preventing malocclusion and promoting normal eruption of the permanent successor tooth.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13118652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy over 20 Years in a High-Volume Italian Centre: Positive Outcomes with Low Complications-The Sassuolo Hospital Experience.","authors":"Gennaro Confuorto, Renato Baldi, Elisa Cigarini, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Silvia Menabue, Federico Spagnolo, Margherita Trani, Massimo Zanni, Livio Presutti, Daniele Marchioni, Paolo Gambelli","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020045","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric adenotonsillectomy is commonly performed for infectious and obstructive indications, but postoperative hemorrhage remains a concern. This study describes outcomes from a high-volume territorial network in southern Modena province, Italy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective observational study of 10,753 pediatric patients (aged 3-18 years) undergoing adenotonsillectomy at Sassuolo Hospital and affiliates (Vignola, Pavullo) from 2005 to 2024. Indications included recurrent tonsillitis (Paradise criteria), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (polysomnography-confirmed or clinical), and recurrent otitis media or otitis media with effusion (OME). Surgical techniques included curettage adenoidectomy and Colorado microdissection needle tonsillectomy. Our institutional postoperative care protocol included analgesics, oral hydration, soft diet, antibiotics (amoxicillin) and scheduled follow-up; however, no analysis regarding this protocol was intended to demonstrate correlations with study outcomes. Primary outcomes were postoperative hemorrhage (overall and requiring revision), stratified by indication, age, and technique, and contextualized against ranges reported in large published cohorts (qualitative, exploratory comparison). Secondary outcomes included pain (VAS scores), infection rates, and tissue regrowth. Data completeness was verified via electronic records (95.6%). Statistical analyses used descriptive statistics with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and inferential tests for within-cohort comparisons (χ² tests, Fisher's exact test, and <i>t</i>-tests where appropriate).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10,753 procedures were analyzed (4325 tonsillectomies, 3942 adenotonsillectomies, 2486 adenoidectomies). Postoperative hemorrhage occurred in 202 patients (1.88%; 95% CI 1.64-2.15%); surgical revision was required in 75 (0.70%; 95% CI 0.56-0.87%), with multifactorial stratification showing higher risk for infectious indications (OR 1.41 vs. OSA), younger age < 5 years (OR 2.1), and tonsillectomy origin (OR 8.25 vs. adenoidectomy); all rates are at the lower end of literature ranges (2-5% and 0.9-2.5%, respectively), in line with large published cohorts, although these comparisons are qualitative and exploratory. Mean VAS pain scores decreased from 3.2 (day 1) to 1.1 (day 7). No significant infections occurred; tissue regrowth rates aligned with the literature (adenoidal 6-26%, tonsillar 5-10%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sassuolo Hospital's experience highlights favorable postoperative outcomes and low complication rates in adenotonsillar surgery. Limitations include the retrospective design, potential selection bias and long period evaluation. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13119450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basal Ganglia Ischemic Stroke as Sentinel Sign for Pediatric Tuberculous Meningitis in an Immunocompetent Child: A Case Report.","authors":"Albina Ponosheci Biçaku, Kurtesh Sherifi, Ardian Biçaku, Sadije Namani","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020044","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe manifestation of tuberculosis in children, with high mortality rates and long-term neurological sequelae. Early diagnosis is challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and insidious onset.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 8-year-old previously healthy male, fully vaccinated, presented with a two-week history of fever, headache, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and low glucose levels, while multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for bacteria and viruses yielded negative results. Brain computed tomography (CT) revealed mild ventricular dilation and pansinusitis. Empirical antibacterial and antiviral therapy were initiated; however, the patient subsequently experienced neurological deterioration, including cranial nerve deficits and hemiparesis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated acute infarctions of the basal ganglia, raising suspicion for TBM. Repeated CSF sampling and Xpert MTB/RIF assay confirmed infection with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. Anti-tuberculosis treatment was initiated in combination with adjunctive corticosteroids, anticonvulsant and anticoagulant therapies, and supportive care, including neurosurgical intervention for hydrocephalus. After 16 months of treatment, the patient showed clinical improvement but sustained left-sided hemiparesis, visual impairment, and cognitive deficits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of pediatric TBM in immunocompetent and <i>Bacillus Calmette-Guérin</i> (BCG)-vaccinated children, particularly in the presence of initially negative microbiological findings. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining a high index of clinical suspicion and the crucial supportive role of neuroimaging findings, as well as the earlier initiation of empirical TB therapy especially when epidemiological plausibility exists. Early recognition and intervention remain critical to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with this devastating disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Blunt Pancreatic Head Injury with Evolving Acute Peripancreatic Fluid Collection in a Child Successfully Managed Conservatively.","authors":"Dumitru Marius Dănilă, Cristina-Mihaela Popescu, Irina Profir, Ada Ștefănescu, Gabriela Gurău","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020042","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Pancreatic trauma (PT) in children is rare and associated with significant morbidity. The optimal form of management-operative versus non-operative-remains controversial, particularly in the presence of acute post-traumatic peripancreatic fluid collection, which may later evolve into pancreatic pseudocysts. Isolated pancreatic injuries without associated organ damage are uncommon and pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. <b>Case Presentation</b>: We report a 5-year-old boy who sustained an isolated grade IB blunt pancreatic head contusion following blunt abdominal trauma after falling onto a wooden fence. He presented with epigastric pain, repeated emesis, and an abdominal wall bruise. Initial ultrasound (US) findings were subtle; however, serial imaging and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) revealed focal contusion of the pancreatic head/uncinate process with a small peripancreatic fluid collection. Pancreatic enzymes were markedly elevated, with peak serum lipase reaching approximately 6579 U/L. The child remained hemodynamically stable and was managed conservatively with bowel rest, intravenous fluids, octreotide, proton-pump inhibition, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), and antibiotics. Serial US demonstrated the dynamic evolution of an acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC) (~2 cm), which remained stable without complications. Clinical and biochemical parameters gradually improved, and no invasive intervention was required. The patient was discharged on hospital day 16 with planned outpatient imaging follow-up. <b>Conclusions</b>: This case demonstrates that isolated pediatric pancreatic contusions complicated by small, evolving peripancreatic fluid collections can be safely managed non-operatively in hemodynamically stable patients. Serial ultrasound plays a key role in monitoring lesion evolution and guiding management decisions. In accordance with current pediatric trauma guidelines, careful observation with structured follow-up may prevent unnecessary invasive interventions while achieving excellent clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Smartphone Use on Brain Function in Adolescence: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Abby Marks, Meghan Berthelot, Hana Jones, Anna Kate Taylor, Karis Chang, Sydney Crozier, Sharon M Cosper","doi":"10.3390/pediatric18020043","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric18020043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background/Objectives</i>: The proportion of teenagers with access to a smartphone has reached 89 percent, marking a large increase in access to technology. Adolescence is a period of neuroplasticity where functional, structural, and systemic changes occur. Teenagers have experienced more persistent feelings of sadness and suicidality in recent years than ever before. Given the changes in this generation of adolescents and because adolescence is a period of neuroplasticity, this study seeks to understand the effects of smartphone use in adolescence. <i>Methods</i>: This scoping review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A total of 104 articles met the criteria for inclusion. <i>Results</i>: Analysis of results revealed five key themes: Psychological Disturbances (<i>n</i> = 52), Sleep (<i>n</i> = 43), Socioemotional Function (<i>n</i> = 23), Executive Function (<i>n</i> = 14), and Sensory Processing (<i>n</i> = 1). <i>Conclusions</i>: Results suggest that smartphones have a variety of effects on adolescent brain function that are primarily negative. The results of this study can inform the general population about the ways in which smartphone usage affects adolescent brain functioning. Further research is warranted to determine a causal relationship between smartphone use and adolescent brain functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}