Pediatric Reports最新文献

{"title":"Congenital Diaphragmatic Eventration in the Neonatal Period: Systematic Review of the Literature and Report of a Rare Case Presenting with Gastrointestinal Disorders.","authors":"Aikaterini Konstantinidi,&nbsp;Paraskevi Liakou,&nbsp;Paschalia Kopanou Taliaka,&nbsp;Maria Lampridou,&nbsp;Nicoletta Kalatzi,&nbsp;Ierotheos Loukas,&nbsp;Evangelia-Filothei Tavoulari,&nbsp;Konstantinos Mitropoulos,&nbsp;Konstantinos Koulopoulos,&nbsp;Rozeta Sokou","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15030041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15030041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The term congenital diaphragmatic eventration (CDE) refers to an anatomical abnormality of the diaphragm. It is a very rare condition; however, early and prompt diagnosis is of very great importance due to possible life-threatening complications. Most severely affected patients are neonates, usually presented with respiratory distress symptoms. The aim of this study was to systematically review the existing literature and to consolidate data on CDE in neonates as well as to report a case of a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic eventration of the left hemidiaphragm and clinical signs and symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed regarding studies evaluating the clinical presentation, diagnosis methods, treatments, and outcomes of CDE in the neonatal population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 93 studies were integrated into our review, reporting 204 CDE cases, and according to them, the male/female ratio was 1/1 with a predominance of right-sided eventration. The diagnosis was primarily established by chest X-ray; surgical intervention was the most frequent treatment. The recurrence rate was 8.3% (9/109 cases).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early and accurate diagnosis of CDE and repair of the diaphragm can prevent complications, reduce morbidity, and improve the quality of patient's life.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 3","pages":"442-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10443257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10048150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Pattern of Birth Defects in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.","authors":"Ebtihal Elameen Eltyeb,&nbsp;Majidah Hussain Asiri Halawi,&nbsp;Thekra Badr Mohammed Tashari,&nbsp;Khaled Alharbi,&nbsp;Ohoud Saad Alsayari,&nbsp;Danah Abdullah Albarrak,&nbsp;Raga Abdelkhalig Eltayeb,&nbsp;Ali Ali Ahmed Al-Makramani,&nbsp;Isameldin Elamin M Medani","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15030040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15030040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Birth defects are a significant concern since they can lead to permanent disability and death. This study comprehensively reviews the prevalence and patterns of birth defects in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic analysis of the literature retrieved from three databases (Pub Med, Science Direct, and the Saudi digital library) published between 1989 and 2022 was performed. Observational studies that addressed the prevalence and patterns of birth defects in Saudi Arabia were chosen based on the eligibility criteria, while systematic reviews, review articles, non-relevant articles, and studies that did not fulfill the eligibility criteria were excluded. Quality and risk of bias were evaluated based on the JBI and GRADE tools, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 26 eligible publications of 1277 records that included 297,668 patients from different regions of Saudi Arabia. The highest overall prevalence of birth defects was 46.5 per 1000 live births compared to a lowest rate of 8.6 per 1000 in one study. Several studies have reported positive associations of consanguinity, maternal folic acid supplementation, family history of birth defects or genetic abnormalities, and maternal co-morbidities. The most frequent birth defects include cardiac, genitourinary, craniofacial, and nervous system defects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Robust findings have improved our understanding of the prevalence and pattern of birth defects in Saudi Arabia. Importantly, future studies will likely require multicenter collaboration to arrive at appropriate sample sizes in the context of the effects of risk factors on elevated prevalence. Furthermore, quantitative data require careful evaluation in more complex statistical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 3","pages":"431-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10366848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9929442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Acute Liver Failure.","authors":"Claudia Mandato,&nbsp;Pietro Vajro","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15030039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15030039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) has recently become a subject of great interest when multiple clusters of non-A to non-E severe acute hepatitis in otherwise healthy young children with a median age of 2 years were reported around the world [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 3","pages":"426-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10366751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9929436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administration of Clinical COVID-19 Mouthwashing Protocol and Potential Modulation of Pediatric Oral Bacterial Prevalence of <i>Selenomonas noxia</i>: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Praneeti Sodhi,&nbsp;Yuxin Jiang,&nbsp;Summer Lin,&nbsp;Jackson Downey,&nbsp;Chase Sorenson,&nbsp;Melika Shayegh,&nbsp;Victoria Sullivan,&nbsp;Karl Kingsley,&nbsp;Katherine M Howard","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15030038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15030038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental office protocols to combat the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic include mouth washing for an extended 60 s, thereby reducing detectable oral virus. However, it is unclear whether this protocol has any effects on the newly identified periodontal pathogen and obesity-related bacterium often found among pediatric patients, <i>Selenomonas noxia</i>. To determine if the mouthwash protocol has any measurable effect on <i>S. noxia</i> amongst pediatric patients, clinical pediatric saliva samples were obtained from pediatric patients during routine visits for clinical care and treatment. Using an approved protocol, two saliva samples were collected on the same visit before and after chlorhexidine mouthwash (Sample A, Sample B). The third sample (Sample C) was taken at the recall appointment-usually between two and eight weeks later. A total of n = 97 pre-mouthwash samples, and an equal number of matching post-mouthwash samples (n = 97) were collected, with a small number of matching recall samples (n = 36) that were subsequently collected and identified. The demographic composition of the study sample was analyzed using Chi square statistics. Sample DNA from the matching pre-, post-, and recall collections (Sample A, Sample B, and Sample C) was isolated and screened using qPCR and validated primers, which revealed that 11.1% (n = 4/36) from Sample A tested positive for <i>S. noxia</i> with 0% (n = 0/36) of Sample B testing positive and 13.9% (n = 5/36) of the recall (Sample C) testing positive. In addition, comparative analysis of the qPCR cycle threshold data revealed relatively lower expression (quantity) of <i>S. noxia</i> DNA among the recall samples, as determined by two-tailed <i>t</i>-tests (<i>p</i>=0.004). These data and results provide new evidence for the oral prevalence of <i>S. noxia</i> among pediatric patients, while also demonstrating that the COVID-19 protocol of mouth washing prior to clinical treatment for periods extending up to 60 s may be sufficient to reduce the levels of detectable <i>S. noxia</i>-at least temporarily. More research will be needed to determine whether these effects may be limited to the short- or may exhibit more lasting effects in the long-term.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 3","pages":"414-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10366775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9875445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Introduction of Power Mobility Devices for Children with Fukuyama Congenital Muscular Dystrophy and Its Psychological Impact on Caregivers: A Case Report.","authors":"Hitomi Fujita","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15030037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15030037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, motorized mobility devices (or power mobility devices (PMDs)) have been introduced for infants and toddlers who lack the means for self-mobility. Previous reports have primarily focused on PMDs for individuals with cerebral palsy. Few have explored PMDs for individuals with neuromuscular diseases who have intellectual disabilities. This report presents a case study of the early introduction of a PMD for an infant with Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy and presents the results of an interview with the father regarding psychological aspects and the child's manipulative abilities. The PMD was introduced at the age of 1 year and 10 months, and the changes during the 19 months after the introduction were evaluated six times, using the Assessment of Learning Powered mobility use tool (ALP). A semi-structured interview with the father was conducted 19 months after the introduction. The ALP evaluation and the interview were conducted by one physical therapist and two physical therapy students, and the results were shared with the hospital's physical therapist and nurses at the nursing facility. This report provides a basis for expanding the scope of PMD use and for considering the family's involvement, especially for the child.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 3","pages":"403-413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10366897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10233456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe and Atypical Presentation of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in a Pediatric Patient after a Serious Crash Injury-Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Christos Tsitsipanis,&nbsp;Marianna Miliaraki,&nbsp;Maria Michailou,&nbsp;Elisavet Geromarkaki,&nbsp;Anna-Maria Spanaki,&nbsp;Vasilia Nyktari,&nbsp;Andreas Yannopoulos,&nbsp;Nikolaos Moustakis,&nbsp;Stavroula Ilia","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15030036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15030036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an uncommon clinical entity in children, resulting in severe but sometimes reversible systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle. This condition is triggered by multiple emotional or physical stressors, while neurogenic stress cardiomyopathy after brain injuries has become increasingly recognized in children over the past few years. We report the case of an 11-year-old child with an atypical clinical presentation after a serious car crash accident. An initial computed tomography scan revealed an acute epidural hematoma, which was immediately treated by an emergency craniotomy. During the patient's following pediatric intensive care unit hospitalization, severe hemodynamic instability was observed, leading to gradually higher doses of vasopressors for circulatory support. On echocardiography, the patient had signs of severe cardiac contractility compromise, with characteristic pattern of regional wall motion abnormalities of the left ventricle, which, in combination with seriously elevated cardiac enzymes, electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities and continuous thermodilution hemodynamic monitoring (PICCO) findings, led to intensification of inotropic support and to the diagnosis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Despite supportive measures, the patient developed multiorgan failure and succumbed to their serious illness. For this atypical case, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was addressed as an option for the seriously failing heart, but due to the extremely high risk of intracranial bleeding, it could not be used for this patient's treatment. In conclusion, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy should be suspected in pediatric cases of cardiac dysfunction after serious injuries or stress conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 3","pages":"396-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10366713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9929440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the Early Assessment of Child Neglect Signs-A New Technique for Professionals.","authors":"Giovanni Giulio Valtolina,&nbsp;Concetta Polizzi,&nbsp;Giovanna Perricone","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15020035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15020035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper grants some considerations on a critical phenomenon for child health: child neglect. It is an omission-type form of childhood maltreatment, which is widespread but very hard to intercept. For the assessment of child neglect, the Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.) has developed and validated a specific assessment technique (the C.N.A. technique). It is supposed to be for parents of children between 3 and 9 years old. It is based on a paradigm that identifies the dysregulation of parental competence as the cause of neglect. It can occur in hypo- or hyperactivation of three fundamental factors (recognition, stimulation, and care). The child neglect assessment technique (C.N.A.) differs from the retrospective tools available in the literature since it allows for interception of the \"signs\" of possible child neglect when negligence occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 2","pages":"390-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10304215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9717619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Assessment of Psychomotor Development in Full-Term Children at 12 Months of Age with Munich Functional Development Diagnostics Depending on the Feeding Method: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Grażyna Pazera,&nbsp;Marta Młodawska,&nbsp;Kamila Kukulska,&nbsp;Jakub Młodawski","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15020034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15020034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychomotor development is the most important outcome determining the proper growth and development of children. Optimizing childcare and modifying risk factors can provide the child with the best conditions to realize their developmental potential. The study aimed to assess the impact of the feeding method on the psychomotor development of full-term children at 12 months of age with Munich Functional Developmental Diagnostics (MFDD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 242 full-term children who were examined at 12 months of age by a child neurologist using MFDD. The children were divided into two groups depending on the feeding method: breastfed (146) vs. formula-fed (93). We analysed selected obstetric and neonatal risk factors as well as MFDD scores within the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The only axis on the MFDD scale on which we observed a difference between the groups was social skills. No differences were noted between the groups in the analysis of the gross and fine motor skills, with regard to perception or active and passive speech.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The full-term, exclusively breastfed infants over their first 6 months of age or longer have greater social skills in comparison with the formula-fed infants when measured on the MFDD axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 2","pages":"381-389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10305507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9719937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Enteral Human Recombinant Insulin to Reduce the Time to Full Enteral Feeding in Preterm Infants: A Meta-Analytical Study.","authors":"Faiza Qudsia,&nbsp;Muhammad Adil,&nbsp;Maha Kamran,&nbsp;Muhammad Azam,&nbsp;Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema,&nbsp;Abia Shahid,&nbsp;Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15020033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15020033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombinant human insulin plays an important role in the gut maturation of preterm infants. This meta-analysis was carried out to assess the efficacy and safety of enteral recombinant human insulin in decreasing the time to full enteral feeding in preterm infants. The pooling of data from four clinical trials yielded a significant decrease in the time to full enteral feeding in preterm infants under both low (Mean difference [MD] -3.43 days; 95% CI: -6.18 to -0.69 days; I2 = 48%) and high doses of insulin (MD -7.10 days; 95% CI: -10.02 to -4.18 days; I2 = 0%). These findings require confirmation by further large trials that evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral insulin, especially at supraphysiological doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 2","pages":"373-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10301238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9774680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative Outcomes Associated with Medication in Neonates on Parenteral Nutrition Therapy.","authors":"Evelin Nataly Vega Díaz,&nbsp;Aida Adriana Miranda Barros,&nbsp;Monica Alexandra Castelo Reyna,&nbsp;Dennys Tenelanda López,&nbsp;Irvin Tubon","doi":"10.3390/pediatric15020032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric15020032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In Ecuador, studies on clinical daily practice problems focused on parenteral nutrition in neonates are scarce. Therefore, this research aimed to identify negative results associated with medications (NRAM) in neonates with parenteral nutrition (PN) in a third-level hospital in Ecuador.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An observational, prospective, descriptive study was designed in the neonatology area of a tertiary-level public hospital, where, for over four months, the medical records, PN prescriptions, and pharmacy-managed databases of 78 patients were analyzed. Drug-related problems (DRPs) as possible causes of NRAM were classified through administrative, physicochemical, and clinical validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DRPs classified as follows were found: 78.81% by physicochemical, 17.62% by clinical, and 3.57% by administrative validation. The NRAM were 72% quantitatively uncertain, 16% needed, and 11% quantitatively ineffective.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NRAM associated with DRPs were statistically related to prematurity condition, APGAR score, PN time, and the number of medications administered, which suggests the need to create a nutritional therapy committee at the health facility.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":"15 2","pages":"360-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10301478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9774679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}