Pediatric Reports最新文献

{"title":"Successful Treatment of Multiple Large Intrarenal Stones in a 2-Year-Old Boy Using a Single-Use Flexible Ureteroscope and High-Power Laser Settings.","authors":"Vasileios Tatanis, Theodoros Spinos, Zoi Lamprinou, Elisavet Kanna, Francesk Mulita, Angelis Peteinaris, Orthodoxos Achilleos, Ioannis Skondras, Evangelos Liatsikos, Panagiotis Kallidonis","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030068","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The standard treatment procedures for managing renal calculi in the pediatric population are similar to those in adults. The application of flexible ureteroscopy has contributed to the increased popularity of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) as an alternative therapeutic modality that can be successfully applied in children. One of the most significant innovations of the last decade is the introduction of single-use flexible ureteroscopes (fURSs). In this case report, we present the case of a 2-year-old boy with multiple large calculi in his right kidney, which were successfully removed after a single session of RIRS using a 7.5 F single-use fURS and high-power laser settings. The total operative and lithotripsy times were estimated at 90 and 75 min, respectively. No complications were recorded. The hemoglobin loss was calculated at 0.3 mg/dL, while the creatinine level was decreased by 0.1 mg/dL. The urethral catheter was removed on the first postoperative day, and the patient was discharged. The management of multiple or large kidney stones is very challenging in the pediatric population under the age of three years. Convenient preoperative planning and the appropriate use of available equipment may lead to excellent outcomes accompanied by a reduced risk for complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) Assessment of Pediatric Dental Panoramic Radiographs (DPRs): A Clinical Study.","authors":"Natalia Turosz, Kamila Chęcińska, Maciej Chęciński, Karolina Lubecka, Filip Bliźniak, Maciej Sikora","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030067","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This clinical study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision of artificial intelligence (AI) in assessing permanent teeth in pediatric patients. Over one thousand consecutive DPRs taken in Kielce, Poland, with the Carestream CS9600 device were screened. In the study material, 35 dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) of patients of developmental age were identified and included. They were automatically evaluated with an AI algorithm. The DPRs were then analyzed by researchers. The status of the following dichotomous variables was assessed: (1) decay, (2) missing tooth, (3) filled tooth, (4) root canal filling, and (5) endodontic lesion. The results showed high specificity and accuracy (all above 85%) in detecting caries, dental fillings, and missing teeth but low precision. This study provided a detailed assessment of AI performance in a previously neglected age group. In conclusion, the overall accuracy of AI algorithms for evaluating permanent dentition in dental panoramic radiographs is lower for pediatric patients than adults or the entire population. Hence, identifying primary teeth should be implemented in AI-driven software, at least so as to ignore them when assessing mixed dentition (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT06258798).</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report of a Neonate with Complex Gastroschisis: A Multidisciplinary Approach.","authors":"Palanikumar Balasundaram, Timothy B Lautz, Rhonda Gale, Kimberly G Remedios-Smith","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030065","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastroschisis is a congenital anomaly characterized by herniation of abdominal contents via a defect in the anterior abdominal wall. Gastroschisis can manifest as simple or complex, with additional complications such as atresia, perforation, ischemia, necrosis, or volvulus. While prenatal screening and advancements in surgical techniques have improved outcomes, infants with complex gastroschisis cases pose significant challenges in neonatal care. Vanishing gastroschisis, a rare but dreaded complication with a mortality rate ranging from 10 to 70%, occurs when the abdominal wall closes around the herniated bowel, leading to strangulation. We present a case report focusing on the management of neonatal gastroschisis in a 36-week-old female infant with vanishing gastroschisis. The infant's clinical course, including surgical interventions, complications, and multidisciplinary management, is discussed in detail. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in optimizing outcomes for infants with complex gastroschisis. Via this case report, we aim to provide insights into the complexities of neonatal gastroschisis management and advocate for a collaborative approach involving neonatology, pediatric surgery, infectious disease, and palliative care to improve outcomes and quality of life for affected infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (<i>MTHFR</i>) Polymorphism with Osteosarcoma in a Mexican Population.","authors":"Irma G Enriquez-Maldonado, Daniel A Montes-Galindo, Rocio Ortiz-Lopez, Jesus Ojeda-Ibarra, Margarita L Martinez-Fierro, Iram P Rodriguez-Sanchez, Augusto Rojas-Martinez, Angel Zavala-Pompa, Carmen Alicia Sanchez-Ramirez, Alejandra E Hernandez-Rangel, Karmina Sanchez-Meza, Idalia Garza-Veloz, Alejandrina Rodriguez-Hernandez, Ivan Delgado-Enciso","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030066","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (<i>MTHFR</i>) gene 677C➔T polymorphism is capable of altering folate metabolism and can modify certain neoplasia risk. Reports have suggested that folate can have an influence on bone development and so it is of interest to know if the <i>MTHFR</i> 677C➔T polymorphism is associated with the malignant transformation process of this tissue. The polymorphism was determined in 55 patients with osteosarcoma and in 180 healthy individuals. Compared with C/T+C/C genotypes, a 3.7-fold reduction in osteosarcoma probability is possible with the T/T genotype (OR 0.27, CI 95% 0.07-0.82). Undoubtedly, further studies, utilizing large samples and carried out on different populations, are necessary to confirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Biomarkers of Microvascular Complications in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-An Updated Review.","authors":"Naser A Alsharairi","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030064","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is regarded as the most chronic autoimmune disease affecting children and adolescents that results from a destruction of pancreatic β-cell and leads to insulin insufficiency and persistent hyperglycemia (HG). Children and adolescents with T1DM are at an increased risk of developing microvascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy (DNE), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic neuropathy (DNU). The risk factors and prevalence of these complications differ greatly in pediatric studies. Screening for T1DM microvascular complications undergoes different stages and it is recommended to identify early symptoms and clinical signs. The identification of biomarkers in T1DM microvascular complications is needed to provide optimal treatment. Despite several studies on early biomarkers for DNE in children, the potential biomarkers for predicting DR and DNU have not been completely illustrated. This review fills this gap by identifying biomarkers of T1DM microvascular complications in children and adolescents through searches in the PubMed/Medline database.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Duration of Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest on the Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.","authors":"Abdullah H Ghunaim, Basma Aljabri, Ahmed Dohain, Ghassan S Althinayyan, Abdulaziz I Aleissa, Ahmad T Alshebly, Rayan A Alyafi, Tareg M Alhablany, Ahmed M Nashar, Osman O Al-Radi","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030063","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is safe, but subtle neurodevelopmental deficits may persist far beyond the perioperative period. We aimed to investigate the relationship between DHCA duration and neurodevelopmental outcomes in young children undergoing cardiac surgery with DHCA. <b>Methods:</b> Children aged < 42 months, including neonates who underwent cardiac surgery using DHCA without regional perfusion techniques, were included as the DHCA group. Children in the same age range who underwent cardiac surgery without DHCA were included as the control group. All enrolled patients underwent neurodevelopmental assessment using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSTID) by a trained pediatrician, and 17 DHCA patients and 6 control patients completed the BSTID assessment. <b>Results:</b> Both groups showed no significant preoperative, operative, or postoperative differences. Adjusted multivariable analysis revealed that prematurity and age at assessment were significant changing predictors of each of the BSTID components (<i>p</i> < 0.001), except for the gross motor component, where only age at assessment was a significant adjusting predictor. Longer DHCA was associated with lower fine and gross motor BSTID components; however, the association was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.06). <b>Conclusions:</b> Long-duration DHCA without regional perfusion techniques may be associated with less optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Tobacco Exposure and Behavioral Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Stephanie Godleski, Shannon Shisler, Kassidy Colton, Meghan Leising","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030062","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal tobacco exposure has been implicated in increased risk of the development of behavioral disorders in children and adolescents. The purpose of the current study was to systematically examine the association between prenatal tobacco exposure and diagnoses of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder in childhood and adolescence. We searched Medline, Psychinfo, ERIC, Proquest, Academic Search Complete, PsychArticles, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, and Google Scholar databases through October 2022. The authors screened studies and extracted data independently in duplicate. Ten clinical studies examining diagnoses of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder between the ages of 4 and 18 years old were included. There was insufficient evidence to synthesize outcomes related to Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder. The meta-analysis found a significant effect of prenatal tobacco exposure in increasing the likelihood of an Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence. Implications for future research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Nutritional Status on Brain Development: Benefits of Exclusive Breastfeeding.","authors":"Ellen Schavarski Chade, Odonis Rocha Júnior, Nathalia Marçallo Peixoto Souza, Aline Jacoski de Oliveira Krüger da Silva, Luana Mota Ferreira, Jéssica Brandão Reolon, Juliana Sartori Bonini, Fabiane Gomes de Moraes Rego, Marcel Henrique Marcondes Sari","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030061","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to conduct a narrative review approaching the effects of exclusive breastfeeding on neuropsychomotor development. The goal was to provide evidence-based knowledge to inform healthcare practices and policies and promote optimized infant feeding strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study reviewed the relevant literature from May and June 2024, covering the publication period between 2013 and 2024. The PubMed database was utilized and searched for articles using keywords such as \"Brain\", \"Growth\", \"Development\", and \"Breastfeeding\", employing Boolean operators such as \"AND\", \"OR\", and \"NOT.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search initially screened 15,412 studies, resulting in 600 articles. Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria and provided relevant information on the topic. Several studies have shown that exclusive breastfeeding and its duration are beneficial for neural development. Research suggests that breastfeeding improves brain architecture, white matter development, and cognitive performance. Additionally, studies indicate that the mother's intake of omega-3 fatty acids can enhance infant brain development, and specific micronutrients in breast milk, such as myo-inositol, may contribute to neural connectivity. Some findings also suggest that the child's sex may play a role in how breast milk benefits the brain. Furthermore, there is evidence of the strong influence of epigenetic compounds on the neurodevelopmental benefits of exclusive breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This narrative review revealed findings that indicate breast milk has a positive impact on brain development. This emphasizes that breast milk has a positive impact on brain development. It underscores the importance of conducting additional research to understand how breastfeeding specifically influences neurodevelopment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Postoperative Complication of Esophageal Atresia after Open Thoracotomy Repair in Newborn-Lung Torsion: A Case Report.","authors":"Szymon Gryboś, Viera Karaffová, Katarina Klapačová","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030060","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this case report, we described a rare complication-lung torsion after esophageal atresia repair in a newborn. Torsion of the lung is a critical condition in which either the entire lung or a lung lobe twists, leading to occlusion of blood vessels and airways. The patient's clinical condition was poor after the primary operation. An emergency thoracotomy showed 180° torsion of the right upper lobe (RUL) and right middle lobe (RML). After detorsion, perioperatively, the lung was gradually reperfused and had a normal appearance. After surgery, the patient was unstable, which culminated in a fatal end (bradycardia, reperfusion injury). Immediate intervention can preserve the affected lung or lung lobe. However, pulmonary torsion typically has a poor prognosis due to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Additionally, diagnosis in the neonatal period is even more challenging because the clinical symptoms are nonspecific. In any case, the question is whether detorsion is the right solution or whether a segmentectomy is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Risk Determinants of Neonatal Mortality in the Last Decade: A Systematic Literature Review (2013-2023).","authors":"Msatfa Nabila, Aziz Baidani, Yassmine Mourajid, Milouda Chebabe, Hilali Abderraouf","doi":"10.3390/pediatric16030059","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pediatric16030059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to analyze the determinants of neonatal mortality over the last decade (2013-2023), identifying key factors that have influenced neonatal outcomes both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing a systematic literature review approach guided by the PRISMA method, this study evaluates 91 papers collected from indexed databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. The review encompasses studies conducted globally, offering insights into the evolution of neonatal mortality research and the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on neonatal health. The analysis revealed a complex array of risk determinants, categorized into socioeconomic factors, clinical factors, and healthcare access and quality. Notable factors include rural versus urban healthcare disparities, prenatal and postnatal care quality, and the influence of healthcare infrastructure on neonatal outcomes. This study highlights the shifting focus of neonatal mortality research in response to global health challenges, including the pandemic. The findings underscore the need for multidisciplinary approaches to address neonatal mortality, emphasizing the importance of enhancing healthcare systems, improving maternal education, and ensuring equitable access to quality care. Future research should explore the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on neonatal health and investigate the efficacy of interventions in diverse healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45251,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}