Perspectives on Behavior Science最新文献_第3页

Henry S. Pennypacker's Contributions to Breast Cancer Detection: Developing a Behavioral Technology to Improve Breast Self-Exam Skills. Henry S. Pennypacker对乳腺癌检测的贡献：发展一种行为技术来提高乳房自我检查技能。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2025-01-07 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00430-4

R Wayne Fuqua

引用次数: 0

Behavioral Measurement as Centerpiece. 以行为测量为核心。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-12-19 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00429-x

James M Johnston

引用次数: 0

Bouts, Pauses, and Units of Operant Performance: A Primer. 操作行为的阵发、暂停和单位：入门。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-08-30 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00419-z

John Michael Falligant, Louis P Hagopian, M Christopher Newland

{"title":"Bouts, Pauses, and Units of Operant Performance: A Primer.","authors":"John Michael Falligant, Louis P Hagopian, M Christopher Newland","doi":"10.1007/s40614-024-00419-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-024-00419-z","url":null,"abstract":"Operant behavior typically occurs in bouts and pauses. The microstructural analysis of bouts and pauses reveals important and separable information about the physical characteristics of the operant and the motivation behind it. An analysis of interresponse times (IRTs) often reveals a mixture of two exponential distributions. One corresponds to short IRTs within ongoing response bouts, reflecting motor properties of the operant, and the other corresponds to longer intervals between bouts, reflecting the motivation behind the response. Partitioning responses into bout initiations and within-bout responses via this two-mode framework reveals the mechanisms underlying behavior maintenance and change. This approach is used in the fields of neurotoxicology, behavioral pharmacology, and behavioral neuroscience to disentangle the contribution of motivational and motoric variables to the pattern of operant behavior. In this article, we present a primer aimed at providing essential concepts related to the analysis of response bouts and temporal dynamics of operant performance.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"47 3","pages":"643-674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Resurgence and Behavioral Contrast, Compared and Contrasted. 更正：复活与行为对比，对比与对比。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-08-26 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00415-3

Kennon A Lattal, Amanda K Miles

引用次数: 0

Reconceptualizing the Interaction of Behavior and Environment. 重新认识行为与环境的相互作用。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-08-22 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00417-1

Jan Philippe de Haan, Carsta Simon

{"title":"Reconceptualizing the Interaction of Behavior and Environment.","authors":"Jan Philippe de Haan, Carsta Simon","doi":"10.1007/s40614-024-00417-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-024-00417-1","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of response strength and the process of strengthening by reinforcement are controversial in terms of their explanatory power. We clarify potential theoretical misconceptions following from a strength-based account such as essentialist thinking and circular reasoning. These problems also arise in the practice of latent variable modeling in psychometrics. To solve these conceptual problems, we discuss the Multilevel Model of Behavioral Selection (MLBS; Borgstede & Eggert, 2021) as an alternative theoretical framework. We use blocking from Pavlovian conditioning as an example to demonstrate how the MLBS framework prevents misconceptions arising from strength-based accounts and how it provides a more parsimonious and coherent explanation of the phenomenon. We illustrate the need for precisely defined and theoretically meaningful concepts and offer a reinterpretation of \"strengthening by reinforcement.\" The reconceptualization in terms of the MLBS renders the concept of response strength superfluous. We conclude by highlighting the importance of theoretical reconsideration, putting aside difficulties that arise when attempting to validate strength by empirical means.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"47 3","pages":"559-579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relating in the Wild: Toward an Analysis of Equivalence Relations Under More Naturalistic Conditions. 野外关系：在更自然的条件下分析等价关系》（Relating in the Wild: Toward an Analysis of Equivalence Relations Under More Naturalistic Conditions.

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-08-17 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00420-6

Ramon Marin, Daniel M Fienup

{"title":"Relating in the Wild: Toward an Analysis of Equivalence Relations Under More Naturalistic Conditions.","authors":"Ramon Marin, Daniel M Fienup","doi":"10.1007/s40614-024-00420-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-024-00420-6","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first proposal 50 years ago, numerous experiments have documented how arbitrarily related stimuli can become functionally interchangeable. These studies have sought to understand how different variables can moderate the probability of equivalence class formation. However, the well-established evidence regarding this phenomenon in experimental settings does not necessarily guarantee an understanding about how equivalence relations are produced in natural settings. In typical experiments, experimenters control critical variables to produce equivalence relations, such as, the requirement of proficiency with baseline relations, the number of opportunities to relate two or more stimuli, the efforts to promote stimulus control topography coherent with the experimenter-defined relations, etc. All these variables, however, are not controlled in our daily lives. The present article elucidates how some differences between experimental and natural settings can likely affect how the phenomenon of equivalence relations can occur in noncontrolled, naturalistic environments. Furthermore, we suggest new areas of research to promote the generalization of basic experimental data to contingencies in our daily lives.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"47 3","pages":"603-626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Analyzing the Functional Interdependence of Verbal Behavior with Multiaxial Radar Charts. 更正：利用多轴雷达图分析言语行为的功能相互依赖性。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-07-23 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00418-0

Lee Mason, Maria Otero, Alonzo Andrews

引用次数: 0

Thinking Inside the Bounds: Improved Error Distributions for Indifference Point Data Analysis and Simulation Via Beta Regression using Common Discounting Functions. 边界内的思考：通过使用通用贴现函数的 Beta 回归，改进了用于差异点数据分析和模拟的误差分布。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-06-04 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00410-8

Mingang Kim, Mikhail N Koffarnus, Christopher T Franck

{"title":"Thinking Inside the Bounds: Improved Error Distributions for Indifference Point Data Analysis and Simulation Via Beta Regression using Common Discounting Functions.","authors":"Mingang Kim, Mikhail N Koffarnus, Christopher T Franck","doi":"10.1007/s40614-024-00410-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-024-00410-8","url":null,"abstract":"Standard nonlinear regression is commonly used when modeling indifference points due to its ability to closely follow observed data, resulting in a good model fit. However, standard nonlinear regression currently lacks a reasonable distribution-based framework for indifference points, which limits its ability to adequately describe the inherent variability in the data. Software commonly assumes data follow a normal distribution with constant variance. However, typical indifference points do not follow a normal distribution or exhibit constant variance. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a class of nonlinear beta regression models that offers excellent fit to discounting data and enhances simulation-based approaches. This beta regression model can accommodate popular discounting functions. This work proposes three specific advances. First, our model automatically captures non-constant variance as a function of delay. Second, our model improves simulation-based approaches since it obeys the natural boundaries of observable data, unlike the ordinary assumption of normal residuals and constant variance. Finally, we introduce a scale-location-truncation trick that allows beta regression to accommodate observed values of 0 and 1. A comparison between beta regression and standard nonlinear regression reveals close agreement in the estimated discounting rate k obtained from both methods.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"47 2","pages":"417-433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing the Functional Interdependence of Verbal Behavior with Multiaxial Radar Charts. 利用多轴雷达图分析言语行为的功能相互依存性

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-04-30 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00404-6

Lee Mason, Maria Otero, Alonzo Andrews

{"title":"Analyzing the Functional Interdependence of Verbal Behavior with Multiaxial Radar Charts.","authors":"Lee Mason, Maria Otero, Alonzo Andrews","doi":"10.1007/s40614-024-00404-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-024-00404-6","url":null,"abstract":"The functional analysis of complex verbal behavior requires an evaluation of topographically similar responses under multiple sources of control. Traditional graphical displays of behavior were designed to show the manipulation of isolated controlling variables and may not be amenable to displaying the multidimensional properties of complex behavior. Researchers have recently demonstrated the use of multiaxial radar charts for comparing the functional performance of biological systems. Here we extend the use of multidimensional analyses to compare the relative performance distributions of verbal behavior across four potential controlling variables. First, we provide a conceptual analysis of intraverbal and extraverbal control as continua along which stimuli range from formal to thematic and explain how the intersection of these stimulus fields creates a radar chart for multidimensional analysis. Then we demonstrate how data may be gathered through a verbal operant experimental analysis. We employed repeated measures to map the conditioning history of a child with autism spectrum disorder across 2 years of early intensive behavioral intervention and analyzed the results using shape descriptors for quantitative comparisons. We also compared the polygonal language profiles of children with autism against that of a neurotypical peer. Extending a multidimensional analysis to the field of verbal behavior provides the basis for a language growth chart that researchers and clinicians can use to monitor language acquisition over time. We discuss the use of radar charts as a framework for understanding the interdependence of verbal operants and suggest their use for complex analyses of complex verbal behavior.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40614-024-00404-6.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"47 2","pages":"471-498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalized Linear Mixed Effects Modeling (GLMM) of Functional Analysis Graphical Construction Elements on Visual Analysis. 功能分析的广义线性混合效应建模 (GLMM) 可视化分析的图形构建要素。

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2024-04-30 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00406-4

Art Dowdy, Kasey Prime, Corey Peltier

{"title":"Generalized Linear Mixed Effects Modeling (GLMM) of Functional Analysis Graphical Construction Elements on Visual Analysis.","authors":"Art Dowdy, Kasey Prime, Corey Peltier","doi":"10.1007/s40614-024-00406-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-024-00406-4","url":null,"abstract":"Multielement designs are the quintessential design tactic to evaluate outcomes of a functional analysis in applied behavior analysis. Protecting the credibility of the data collection, graphing, and visual analysis processes from a functional analysis increases the likelihood that optimal intervention decisions are made for individuals. Time-series graphs and visual analysis are the most prevalent method used to interpret functional analysis data. The current project included two principal aims. First, we tested whether the graphical construction manipulation of the x-to-y axes ratio (i.e., data points per x- axis to y-axis ratio [DPPXYR]) influenced visual analyst's detection of a function on 32 multielement design graphs displaying functional analyses. Second, we investigated the alignment between board certified behavior analysts (BCBAs; N = 59) visual analysis with the modified visual inspection criteria (Roane et al., Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 46, 130-146, 2013). We found that the crossed GLMM that included random slopes, random intercepts, and did not include an interaction effect (AIC = 1406.1, BIC = 1478.2) performed optimally. Second, alignment between BCBAs decisions and the MVI appeared to be low across data sets. We also leveraged current best practices in Open Science for raw data and analysis transparency.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"47 2","pages":"499-521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0