Perspectives on Behavior Science最新文献

It is Time to Retire "Noncontingent Reinforcement". 是时候让“非特遣队增援部队”退休了。

IF 3.8 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-05-06 eCollection Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00503-6

Mary Max Llinás, Thomas R Freeman, Elbert Blakely

{"title":"It is Time to Retire \"Noncontingent Reinforcement\".","authors":"Mary Max Llinás, Thomas R Freeman, Elbert Blakely","doi":"10.1007/s40614-026-00503-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-026-00503-6","url":null,"abstract":"The term \"noncontingent reinforcement (NCR)\" has long been used in both research and clinical practice. However, several authors have recognized it as a conceptually flawed term in the scholarly literature (e.g., Poling & Normand, 1999). Nonetheless, behavior analysts have continued to use this term, and there are several concerns surrounding its usage in addition to the conceptual reasons previously reported. At present, \"NCR\" is serving as an umbrella term for several response-independent (e.g., time-based schedules, continuous access), response-dependent (e.g., change in dependency), and other procedures with preexisting labels (e.g., mand training, pairing). With \"NCR\" being used to describe a wide array of distinct procedures, it can lead to confusion and imprecise communication. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a brief history of \"NCR,\" describe procedures commonly labelled as \"NCR,\" explore some of the attendant terminological issues in relation to the mechanisms of action, and summarize arguments from the literature for keeping or removing \"NCR\" from our lexicon. We will then propose an umbrella term (i.e., response-independent schedules) for these common procedures and suggest a series of actions to resolve this ongoing problem in our terminology.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"249-265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13230398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extending a Matching-Law Based Account of Extinction Bursts to Humans. 将基于匹配律的灭绝爆发描述扩展到人类。

IF 3.8 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-04-21 eCollection Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00499-z

Hunter C King, Rusty W Nall, John Michael Falligant

{"title":"Extending a Matching-Law Based Account of Extinction Bursts to Humans.","authors":"Hunter C King, Rusty W Nall, John Michael Falligant","doi":"10.1007/s40614-026-00499-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-026-00499-z","url":null,"abstract":"Suspending the reinforcement contingency maintaining a response can sometimes lead to a temporary increase in the local response rate, duration, or intensity for that response. This is referred to as an extinction burst. Shahan (2022) recently developed a quantitative theory of extinction, based on the Temporally Weighted Matching Law (TWML), which posits that extinction bursts are governed by behavioral processes tied to choice and reallocation. We sought to evaluate the generality of this matching-based account of extinction bursts using behavioral data from six individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Although the TWML-based model of extinction bursts did a fair job of accounting for general trends in both human-operant and clinically relevant human behavior obtained in varied settings, it performed less well under some conditions. We discuss how convergence settings and parameter estimation procedures influenced model fits, highlighting methodological considerations for applying the TWML account of extinction bursts outside of basic laboratory settings.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"313-332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13230459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavior, Process, and Evolution in the Multiscale Molar Paradigm. 多尺度摩尔范式中的行为、过程和进化。

IF 2 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-03-25 eCollection Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00501-8

William M Baum

引用次数: 0

Using Wearable Technology to Predict the Occurrence of Severe Behavior Problems among Neurodiverse Individuals: A Systematic Review. 使用可穿戴技术预测神经多样性个体中严重行为问题的发生：系统综述。

IF 2 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-03-25 eCollection Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00497-1

Patrick W Romani, Sidney K D'Mello, Robert M Moulder, Lily N Berkowitz

{"title":"Using Wearable Technology to Predict the Occurrence of Severe Behavior Problems among Neurodiverse Individuals: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Patrick W Romani, Sidney K D'Mello, Robert M Moulder, Lily N Berkowitz","doi":"10.1007/s40614-026-00497-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-026-00497-1","url":null,"abstract":"Severe behavior problems (SBPs) exhibited by individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) can produce challenging and potentially dangerous situations. Although the field of behavior analysis has access to effective behavioral assessment and treatment methodologies, the risks associated with serving individuals with NDD engaging in SBPs remain high. Advances in wearable sensing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning offer potential support for behavior analysts working with individuals engaging in SBPs. Thus, researchers have begun studying physiological and behavioral signals (i.e., biometrics), such as heart rate or bodily motion, and their predictive relationship with SBPs. The current systematic literature review summarizes 13 peer-reviewed articles that studied predictive relations between biometrics and SBPs. We highlight commonalities, differences, and limitations among these studies. In particular, although some studies claim to predict the occurrence of SBPs over 30 s in advance of their occurrence, methodological concerns reduce the veracity of these claims. We propose short-term and long-term research questions to move this line of research forward.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"361-383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13230393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perspectives on Behavioral Complexity: Introduction to the Special Issue. 行为复杂性的观点：特刊导论。

IF 3.8 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-03-16 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00500-9

Carol Pilgrim, Timothy D Hackenberg

引用次数: 0

Behavior and Cumulative Cultural Evolution. 行为与累积文化进化。

IF 3.8 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-03-12 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00496-2

Sigrid S Glenn, Maria E Malott

引用次数: 0

Toward a Modern View of Pavlovian Conditioning in Applied Behavior Analysis. 应用行为分析中巴甫洛夫条件反射的现代观点。

IF 2 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-02-20 eCollection Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00494-4

Matthew Lewon, Michael Domjan

{"title":"Toward a Modern View of Pavlovian Conditioning in Applied Behavior Analysis.","authors":"Matthew Lewon, Michael Domjan","doi":"10.1007/s40614-026-00494-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-026-00494-4","url":null,"abstract":"The characterization of Pavlovian conditioning in behavior analysis is outdated. Pavlovian conditioning is not limited to the conditioning of glandular and visceral responses; it also involves responses that participate in operant contingencies, and the elicitation of motivational or emotional states that affect operant behavior. Contemporary formulations emphasize the inseparability of behavior from the antecedent contextual stimuli in the presence of which the behavior occurs. Operant procedures also involve various relations between behavior and antecedent and consequential stimuli, making Pavlovian relations an integral but often overlooked part of operant procedures. Considering these issues encourages increased attention to the relationship of behavior to antecedent context and interactions between Pavlovian and operant relations in applied behavior analysis procedures. We argue that adopting a modern view of Pavlovian conditioning should increase the analytic tools available to behavior analysts, and to the development of new and more effective treatment strategies in the domains of maintenance/generalization of behavior change and behavioral assessment.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"267-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13230330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying Interaction Effects in Operant Relapse: An Introduction to Isobolographic Analysis. 量化手术复发的相互作用效应：等温分析的介绍。

IF 3.8 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-02-19 eCollection Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-026-00493-5

Hunter C King

{"title":"Quantifying Interaction Effects in Operant Relapse: An Introduction to Isobolographic Analysis.","authors":"Hunter C King","doi":"10.1007/s40614-026-00493-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-026-00493-5","url":null,"abstract":"In studies of operant relapse, the effects of contingency and context changes are often examined in isolation to clarify their individual contributions to the reoccurrence of a previously extinguished target behavior. In recent years, a section of the relapse literature has examined whether the combination of contingency and context changes interact to produce additive, superadditive, or subadditive effects. Yet, absent from the relapse literature is a formalized quantitative framework for empirically determining the nature of these interactions. Isobolographic analysis is one such framework that has been extensively applied in the pharmacological literature to assess interactions between drug combinations. This article introduces the topic of linear and nonlinear isobolographic analysis and the feasibility of its direct application to the study of operant relapse. Illustrative examples are presented using a hypothetical relapse arrangement, and an alternative analytic method is discussed that may be better suited to behavioral research. This work aims to advance terminological accuracy and methodological precision in relapse research and encourage the integration of quantitative interaction models within operant relapse preparations in which participants undergo mixtures of contingency and context changes during a relapse test.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"49 2","pages":"393-413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13230366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fruits of Consensus: Continued Improvement in the Analysis of Verbal Behavior. 共识的成果：言语行为分析的持续改进。

IF 3.8 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-02-18 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-025-00489-7

Manish Vaidya

{"title":"Fruits of Consensus: Continued Improvement in the Analysis of Verbal Behavior.","authors":"Manish Vaidya","doi":"10.1007/s40614-025-00489-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-025-00489-7","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses three contributions to the special issue from the Symbolic Processes cluster in the second Theory and Philosophy conference. Each of the articles advances a naturalistic, learning-based account of complex linguistic and social phenomena. The article by Barnes-Holmes and colleagues suggests a refinement of relational frame theory (RFT) informed by findings emerging from research conducted with the IRAP protocol for the past decade. Degli-Espinosa offers a behavioral reinterpretation of the development of theory of mind with implications for understanding its absence in certain populations and the potential for remediation where necessary. Palmer presents a thorough-going behavioral account of word order in novel utterances and, by way of example, offers a blueprint for the analysis of syntactic organization in spoken languages more generally. This paper discusses the articles' conceptual innovations, empirical grounding, and the implications of the analyses for future research. The discussion ends with an appreciation of the shared philosophical and methodological commitments reflected in these articles.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"99-110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Context, Consequence, Coincidence, and Cumulative Cultural Evolution: Linking Creativity and Culturo-Behavioral Phenomena Together Using Systems Principles and Processes of Selection by Consequences. 背景、结果、巧合和累积文化进化：利用系统原则和结果选择过程将创造力和文化行为现象联系在一起。

IF 2 3区心理学

Perspectives on Behavior Science Pub Date : 2026-01-29 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40614-025-00492-y

Jonathan V Krispin

{"title":"Context, Consequence, Coincidence, and Cumulative Cultural Evolution: Linking Creativity and Culturo-Behavioral Phenomena Together Using Systems Principles and Processes of Selection by Consequences.","authors":"Jonathan V Krispin","doi":"10.1007/s40614-025-00492-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40614-025-00492-y","url":null,"abstract":"The present article focuses on presentations from the second topical cluster from the 2024 Theory and Philosophy Conference held by the ABAI-Cultural Systems. The cultural systems cluster was comprised of two primary talks-\"Unhinging Design from Darwinian and Skinnerian Selection\" (Wasserman, 2024), and a second, co-authored by Sigrid Glenn and Maria Malott (and delivered by Sigrid Glenn), entitled \"Behavior and Cumulative Cultural Evolution.\" We will begin by briefly summarizing some of the main points of each talk, and then discussing some of the implications of the arguments developed in each. The approach taken to link these two seemingly different primary talks will be interdisciplinary. I will seek to illustrate how dynamic patterns of systemic interactions within systems of physical energy parallel the dynamic patterns of behavioral systems and enable us to \"reconstruct\" some of the main principles emphasized in the primary talks, while also seeking to develop an understanding of how various processes of selection by consequences (natural selection, operant selection, and selection of cultures) emerge from systemic interactions.","PeriodicalId":44993,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Behavior Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"157-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0