Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research最新文献

{"title":"Frailty and Comorbidity Burden as Predictors of Recurrent Hospitalization in Older Vietnamese Adults with Heart Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Hoang Le Huy Nguyen, Tuan Cong Trinh","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty predicts mortality in older adults with heart failure, but its association with recurrent hospitalization, and its value relative to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), remain poorly characterized in Asian populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We followed 150 consecutive Vietnamese outpatients aged 60 years or older with chronic heart failure for 12 months for recurrent all-cause hospitalization. Frailty was defined as a Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score of 5 or higher. The primary analysis used the Andersen-Gill recurrent-event model; a four-level frailty-comorbidity composite was derived from the Charlson Comorbidity Index, and discrimination was compared by Harrell's C-statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 150 participants (median age 75 years; 59.3% male), 54 (36.0%) were frail and 79 (52.7%) were hospitalized at least once. Frailty was associated with recurrent hospitalization after adjustment for age and sex (adjusted HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.06-2.83; p = 0.028). The frailty-comorbidity composite showed a graded increase in hospitalization burden that did not persist after adjustment. Discrimination was modest across all models (C-statistics near 0.60) and did not differ significantly between frailty (0.581) and LVEF (0.568); combining both gave 0.610 (95% CI 0.560-0.661).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older Vietnamese adults with chronic heart failure, frailty was associated with recurrent all-cause hospitalization after adjustment for age and sex, with modest discrimination similar to LVEF-based stratification. Baseline frailty assessment may help identify higher-risk patients and warrants prospective evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between 1-year changes in sarcopenia-related indicators and subjective well-being in older adults requiring support or care under the long-term care insurance system.","authors":"Yohei Sawaya, Tamaki Hirose, Takahiro Shiba, Ryo Sato, Lu Yin, Shuntaro Tsuji, Tomohiko Urano","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited evidence linking sarcopenia and subjective well-being among older adults requiring long-term care. This study examined longitudinal changes in sarcopenia-related indicators and their association with life satisfaction and happiness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 1-year longitudinal study was conducted between 2023 and 2025. Participants were 101 older adults (mean age, 80.3 ± 7.0 years; 55 males and 46 females) requiring support or care who used day-care rehabilitation services under the long-term care insurance system and had skeletal muscle index (SMI) and handgrip strength records at baseline and 1 year. Subjective well-being was assessed in terms of life satisfaction and happiness, and the participants were grouped accordingly. Group-by-time interactions in 1-year changes in SMI and handgrip strength were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of covariance adjusted for age and other relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For changes in SMI, a significant group-by-time interaction was observed between the satisfied (baseline, 6.29 ± 1.07 kg/m²; follow-up, 6.24 ± 1.12 kg/m²) and non-satisfied (baseline, 6.54 ± 1.00 kg/m²; follow-up, 6.31 ± 1.07 kg/m²) groups overall (p=0.048). In sex-stratified analyses, a significant group-by-time interaction was observed among females (p=0.0498) but not among males (p=0.665). No significant group-by-time interaction was observed for handgrip strength according to life satisfaction. When participants were classified by happiness, no significant group-by-time interactions were found for either SMI or handgrip strength.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Life satisfaction, which reflects multidimensional factors including activities of daily living and psychological status, was suggested to be associated with less decline in skeletal muscle mass among older adults requiring support/care.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Impairment and Long-Term Cognitive Trajectories in Relation to Incident Sarcopenia.","authors":"Chao Li, Na Zeng, Fu-Shan Xue","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although sarcopenia is a well-known risk factor for cognitive impairment, the evidence regarding whether cognitive dysfunction may be associated with sarcopenia remains limited. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between mild cognitive impairment (MCI), long-term cognitive trajectories, and the development of sarcopenia. We also examined whether a healthy lifestyle could modify this risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we conducted a four-year longitudinal study with 7,048 participants. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the link between baseline cognitive function and incident sarcopenia. Generalized estimating equation models explored the role of specific cognitive domains. Latent mixture modeling was used to identify long-term cognitive trajectories and evaluate the modifying effects of lifestyles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 7,548 included participants, the mean age was 63.5 ± 6.6 years, and 44.7% were females. Over a four-year follow-up, we identified 502 new cases of sarcopenia. Baseline MCI was significantly associated with a 57% increased risk of developing sarcopenia (HR=1.57; 95% CI, 1.25-1.96; P<0.001). Specific cognitive domains including orientation, memory, and computation-were also significantly linked to sarcopenia. We identified three distinct cognitive trajectories: low (16.6%), moderate (45.6%), and normal (37.8%) function. Compared to the normal group, participants in the low and moderate cognitive function groups had a 2.02-fold and 1.51-fold higher risk of sarcopenia, respectively. A favorable lifestyle was found to significantly reduce the risk of sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both MCI and a persistent low-level decline in cognitive function are strongly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia, but implementing timely healthy lifestyle interventions can significantly mitigate this risk and promote healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of smoking and alcohol consumption with the presence of sarcopenia at follow-up in community-dwelling people aged 40-74 years.","authors":"Takumi Kaneko, Keiko Kabasawa, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Tomoyo Komata, Yumi Ito, Akemi Takahashi, Toshiko Saito, Ryosaku Kobayashi, Rieko Oshiki, Ribeka Takachi, Shoichiro Tsugane, Kei Watanabe, Junta Tanaka, Suguru Yamamoto, Kazutoshi Nakamura","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on the association of smoking and drinking with sarcopenia is scarce. This study aimed to examine the association between smoking levels/alcohol consumption and sarcopenia in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study consisted of 6,654 community-dwelling residents aged 40-74 years (mean age: 62.4 years, 54.8% women). At the baseline survey (2011-2014), demographic information, lifestyle habits (including smoking levels and alcohol consumption), physical characteristics, and medical history were obtained. Follow-up physical examinations were conducted in 2021 and 2022. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using modified AWGS 2019 criteria, with low muscle mass defined as the sex-specific 20th percentile of ALM/height².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sarcopenia was present in 272/6654 cases (4.1%). Smoking levels were associated with higher odds of the presence of sarcopenia at follow-up (adjusted P for trend=0.0367), with the ≥20-cigarettes/day group having a higher OR than non-smokers (adjusted OR=1.95, 95% CI:1.17-3.24). Drinking levels were associated with lower odds of the presence of sarcopenia in women (adjusted P for trend=0.0013), but not in men (adjusted P for trend=0.9872). A subgroup analysis showed that smoking ≥20 cigarettes/day was associated with higher odds of the presence of sarcopenia than non-smoking (adjusted OR=2.20, 95%CI:1.17-4.16) in drinkers, but not in non-drinkers (P for interaction between levels of smoking and alcohol consumption = 0.0483).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher smoking levels were associated with sarcopenia, particularly among individuals who smoked ≥20 cigarettes/day, and an interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption was suggested. However, caution is warranted in interpreting causality, as this study did not assess sarcopenia at baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culturally-Informed Assessment of Depression and Distress in Asian American Men Across Life Stages.","authors":"Dae Hyun Kim, Syed Shabab Wahid, Emily C Jaeger, Derek M Griffith","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Correlation between Phase Angle and the Number of Medications in Older Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Toshiyuki Moriyama, Mizuki Tokunaga, Ryoko Hori, Akiko Hachisuka, Hideaki Itoh, Mitsuhiro Ochi, Yasuyuki Matsushima, Satoru Saeki","doi":"10.4235/agmr.24.0096.c1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.24.0096.c1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Need for Harmonized Diagnostic Criteria for Sarcopenia After the AWGS 2025 Consensus.","authors":"Fei Zhang, Ziwen Wang, Ahiafor Maxwell, Zhong Wang","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased extracellular-to-total body water ratio in community-dwelling individuals in their 20s to 90s is associated with decreased grip strength and gait speed.","authors":"Akemi Hioka, Naoki Akazawa, Naomi Okawa, Shinji Nagahiro","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2019, the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People indicated the importance of assessing muscle mass and quality in diagnosing sarcopenia. The extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) has recently been noticed as muscle quality. This study aimed to clarify the associations of ECW/TBW and grip strength and gait speed in community-dwelling individuals in their 20s to 90s.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a cross-sectional design. We enrolled 661 community-dwelling individuals (aged ≥ 20). The ECW/TBW was measured using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Associations between grip strength, gait speed, and ECW/TBW were analyzed separately for males and females using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with grip strength and gait speed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Correlation analyses revealed significant negative correlations between ECW/TBW and grip strength (males; ρ = -0.413, p < 0.001, females; ρ = -0.384, p < 0.001) and gait speed (males; ρ = -0.122, p = 0.037, females; ρ = -0.206, p < 0.001). In the multiple linear regression analysis, ECW/TBW was significantly and independently associated with grip strength (males; β = -0.207, p = 0.006, females; β = -0.215, p = 0.001) and gait speed (males; β = -0.213, p = 0.013, females; β = -0.305, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study identified negative associations between ECW/TBW and both grip strength and gait speed among community-dwelling individuals aged in their 20s to 90s. Additionally, these associations were confirmed in males and females.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare professionals' perceptions of decision-making for older patients with cancer receiving systemic therapy: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis.","authors":"Kengo Hirayama, Honoka Tsumura, Sunka Kim, Moe Nemoto","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decision-making about systemic therapy in older adults with cancer is complex due to frailty, clinical uncertainty, and competing treatment goals. Limited evidence exists synthesizing how healthcare professionals support decision-making in geriatric oncology. This qualitative systematic review searched four databases through November 2025 and conducted citation tracking. Thematic synthesis was performed, and confidence in findings was assessed using GRADE-CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research). Twelve studies involving 212 healthcare professionals were included. Two analytical and six descriptive themes were identified. Healthcare professionals sought to minimize treatment-related harm while respecting patients' values and life perspectives. Decision-making was shaped by clinical judgment integrating geriatric assessment findings, healthcare professionals' perspectives, ethical considerations regarding beneficence and autonomy, and structural factors such as resource limitations and interprofessional collaboration. These findings highlight the need for clinical expertise, collaboration across oncology, primary care, and geriatric care providers, and system-level support for geriatric-informed care.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative prognostic performance of nutritional, immune-inflammatory, and anthropometric indices for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older adults with cardiovascular disease (NHANES 2009-2018).","authors":"Hoang Le Huy Nguyen","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older adults is compounded by malnutrition and chronic inflammation. We compared the long-term prognostic performance of three categories of routinely available indices: nutritional (Prognostic Nutritional Index [PNI], Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index [GNRI], Controlling Nutritional Status [CONUT]); immune-inflammatory (Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index [SII]); and anthropometric (Weight-Adjusted Waist Index [WWI]).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 1,804 NHANES 2009-2018 participants aged ≥60 years with established CVD, linked to the National Death Index. Survey-weighted Cox models with restricted cubic splines estimated associations with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and comorbid covariates. Sensitivity analyses included landmark exclusion of early deaths (6, 12, 24 months), a complete-case analysis, and additional adjustment for total energy and protein intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nutritional indices (PNI, GNRI, CONUT) showed L-shaped associations with cardiovascular mortality that persisted after sequential exclusion of early deaths and after additional adjustment for total energy and protein intake. Each 1-point increase in PNI corresponded to an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 0.91 (95% CI 0.87-0.95) for cardiovascular mortality; moderate-to-severe malnutrition by PNI carried a 4.61-fold higher hazard. PNI yielded the best model fit (lowest AIC/BIC); CONUT had the highest discrimination. The SII association attenuated when deaths within 24 months were excluded. The WWI predicted all-cause but not cardiovascular mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nutritional indices (PNI, GNRI, CONUT) showed durable associations with cardiovascular mortality, whereas the SII signal was acute and the WWI predicted only all-cause mortality. These findings are hypothesis-generating; prospective external validation is required before routine clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}