Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research最新文献

{"title":"Questions on the derivation of the Berg Balance Scale cutoff for walking aid use.","authors":"Hoang Le Huy Nguyen","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper-limb motor-cognitive dual-task performance and incident disabling dementia among older adults.","authors":"Ziheng Pan, Kenji Tsunoda, Jaehoon Seol, Namhoon Lim, Taiki Inoue, Koki Nagata, Kyohei Shibuya, Iku Nishimura, Tomohiro Okura","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Upper-limb motor-cognitive dual-task performance may help identify older adults at elevated risk of dementia; however, longitudinal evidence remains limited. In this prospective study, we examined associations of Digital Trail Making Peg Test Part A (DTMP-A) and Part B (DTMP-B) completion times with incident disabling dementia. Corresponding associations were examined for related motor- and cognitive-oriented measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This community-based longitudinal study included 274 Japanese adults aged 65 years or older from the Kasama Study who completed the DTMP assessment in 2020 or 2021. Incident disabling dementia was ascertained from municipal long-term care insurance records using cognitive disability grade IIa or higher. Cox models were used to examine the peg-moving task, Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, TMT-B, DTMP-A, and DTMP-B. Post hoc exploratory analyses of DTMP-B included time-dependent receiver operating characteristic, Kaplan-Meier, and spline analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up of 4.2 years, 16 participants (5.8%) developed incident disabling dementia. In the fully adjusted model, longer DTMP-B completion time was associated with incident disabling dementia (hazard ratio per 10-second increase, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.17), whereas corresponding associations for the other four measures were not statistically significant. In the post hoc analysis, the 4-year area under the curve was 0.76 (95% confidence interval, 0.62-0.90).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Upper-limb motor-cognitive dual-task performance, assessed by DTMP-B completion time, was associated with incident disabling dementia among community-dwelling older adults. These findings support further evaluation of DTMP-B as a potential performance-based indicator of incident disabling dementia risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota-Brain Interactions in Dementia: Role of Diet in Neuroinflammation.","authors":"Ahana Chakraborty, Naiomi Desai, Ariana Kaxon-Rupp, Reena Lamichhane Khadka, Gisou Mohaddes","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is one of the risk factors for dementia, a group of neurocognitive disorders characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent, followed by vascular dementia (VaD). Other subtypes, such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Lewy body disease (LBD), are less common but exhibit distinctive symptoms related to motor deficits, behavioral changes, and neuropsychiatric disturbances. Each type of dementia is associated with specific pathological features, such as amyloid plaques in AD and tau tangles in FTD. Recent research highlights the significant role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of dementia. Gut dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the gut microbiota, has been linked to neuroinflammation, cognitive decline, and neurodegenerative diseases through the gut-brain axis (GBA). Key microbial species, such as Bacteroides and Firmicutes, produce metabolites that influence neuroinflammation, immune response, and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate, have anti-inflammatory effects, while tryptophan derivatives, such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), support intestinal barrier function and modulate neuroinflammatory pathways. Microbial-derived metabolites may serve as potential therapeutic targets to mitigate neurodegeneration, highlighting the intricate relationship between the gut microbiota and brain health. Dietary interventions, such as a balanced diet rich in fiber, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory compounds, may help support gut health by promoting a balanced gut microbiota and reducing the risk of developing dementia. This review highlights the relationship between brain function, gut microbiota composition, and dementia, providing insights into potential dietary strategies for prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-Based Interventions: Untapped Strategies for Geriatric Rehabilitation?","authors":"Paolo Capodaglio, Eleftheria Antoniadou","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Concurrent Training plus Cricket Protein Hydrolysate Supplementation on Blood Pressure, Arterial Stiffness, and Heart Rate Variability in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Pilanee Vaithanomsat, Piyaporn Tumnark, Udomlak Sukatta, Phornpimon Janchai, Jatuporn Phoemsapthawee","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0125","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arterial stiffness and impaired cardiac autonomic regulation contribute to cardiovascular risk in older adults. However, the cardiovascular effects of combining concurrent training with insect-derived protein supplementation remain unclear. This study examined the effects of concurrent training and hydrolyzed house cricket protein supplementation on blood pressure (BP), arterial stiffness, and heart rate variability (HRV) in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four older adults (64.7±5.8 years) completed the study and were included in the analysis: placebo (PLA), hydrolyzed house cricket protein supplementation alone (PRO), concurrent training with placebo supplementation (CT), or concurrent training plus hydrolyzed house cricket protein supplementation (PRO+CT). Exercise and supplementation were performed three times weekly for 12 weeks, with supplementation providing 30 g of hydrolyzed house cricket protein per session.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant time × group interactions were observed for systolic BP (p=0.028), mean arterial pressure (MAP; p=0.031), rate-pressure product (RPP; p=0.002), resting heart rate (p=0.038), and RR interval (p=0.038). At post-intervention, MAP (p=0.012) and RPP (p=0.034) were lower in PRO+CT than in PLA, although PRO+CT did not differ significantly from CT or PRO. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity decreased over time (p<0.001), without a significant time × group interaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined intervention of concurrent training and hydrolyzed house cricket protein supplementation was associated with favorable changes in selected BP-related hemodynamic and resting cardiac measures in older adults but showed no clear additional cardiovascular benefit over either intervention alone. Changes in arterial stiffness and most HRV indices showed no clear intervention-specific effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low muscle function and obesity defined by handgrip strength or sit-to-stand performance in relation to depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in Korean older adults.","authors":"Youngyun Jin, Donghyun Kim","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low muscle function and obesity often coexist in later life, but this combined phenotype is usually defined by handgrip strength (HGS) alone. Whether an upper-extremity strength test and a lower-extremity performance test show comparable associations with depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory cross-sectional study included 938 community-dwelling Korean older adults aged 65 years or older. Low HGS followed the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria, low 30-second sit-to-stand (30-s STS) performance was the sex-specific lowest quartile, and obesity was a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m². Participants were cross-classified into normal, low-muscle-function-only, obesity-only, and combined groups. Logistic regression was adjusted for age, sex, education, living alone, physical activity, and medications, and interaction was tested on multiplicative and additive scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to the normal group, the combined HGS-based group was associated with depressive symptoms (odds ratio 4.18, 95% confidence interval 2.29-7.62) and cognitive impairment (2.58, 1.53-4.37); 30-s STS-based estimates were 2.99 and 1.89. The combined groups did not differ from the low-muscle-function-only groups (all p > 0.5), and no interaction was significant. Discriminative ability was similar for the two tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low muscle function rather than its combination with obesity was the dominant correlate of depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment. These exploratory associations require longitudinal confirmation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation status, difficulties, and barriers to adopting nursing-care technologies in long-term care facilities in Japan: A prefecture-wide cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Kazuhiro Tsuchiyama, Shigeo Tanabe, Yuki Nakagawa, Hikaru Kondo, Miyu Kondo, Takuma Ii, Hirofumi Ota, Koki Tan, Soichiro Koyama, Yohei Otaka","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Japan faces a shortage of care workers due to its rapidly aging population. Although nursing care technologies can reduce caregiver burden and improve care quality, their long-term feasibility remains unclear. We investigated the implementation of these technologies and associated challenges in long-term care facilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of all long-term care facilities in Aichi Prefecture, Japan (total population, approximately 7.5 million), was conducted between February and March 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,514 eligible facilities, 497 participated (a 19.8% response rate), and 477 were included in the final analysis. The overall implementation rate was 22.0%. Implementing facilities reported a lack of information on available devices (55.2%) and challenges with subsidy application processes (52.4%). Among non-implementing facilities, 63.2% expressed a willingness to adopt devices, primarily to reduce staff workload (95.7%). Key barriers included financial constraints (91.1%), cost-effectiveness concerns (62.1%), and limited information (55.7%). The results indicate significant interest in nursing-care technologies and identify key implementation difficulties and adoption barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Improving information accessibility and simplifying subsidy-application procedures could facilitate the adoption of nursing care technologies. These results may also benefit countries facing similar demographic challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between psychotropic medication use and declines in activities of daily living in previously independent older inpatients: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Eiji Kose, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Takako Nagai, Ryo Momosaki","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychotropic medications may impair recovery in older inpatients, but their effect on previously independent patients is unknown. We examined whether admission psychotropic medication use is associated with activities of daily living (ADL) decline at discharge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter prospective cohort study used data from a nine-center hospital-associated disability database collected from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2025. Patients aged ≥70 years admitted to general medical wards who underwent rehabilitation and were independent of ADL before admission (Katz Index=6) were enrolled. The primary and secondary outcomes were the Katz Index and Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) score at discharge, respectively. One primary multivariable analysis and two sensitivity analyses were performed. Pharmacist-led instruction sessions were also evaluated, and FILS scores were compared by session status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 202 patients (mean age, 80.3 years; 39.6% female), 32 (15.8%) used psychotropic medications at admission. In the primary analysis, psychotropic use was independently associated with a lower discharge Katz Index (B = -0.333, p = 0.046). The association was consistent in both sensitivity analyses (Model 1: B = -0.386, p = 0.019; Model 2: B = -0.345, p = 0.020), but not FILS score at discharge (p = 0.970). Any pharmacist-led session was linked to higher FILS scores, without a dose-response pattern.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of psychotropic medications at admission may be a risk factor for ADL decline at discharge in previously independent older inpatients. The patients receiving any instruction session had higher FILS scores than those receiving none.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health dimensions and sex differences in frailty among nursing home residents: a cross-sectional study in Bilbao, Spain.","authors":"Silvia Cepeda-Miguel, Idoia Imaz-Aramburu, Amaia Irazusta, Ainhoa Fernandez-Atutxa, Batirtze San Martín-Gamboa, Idoia Zarrazquin Arizaga, Borja Doncel-García, Ana B Fraile-Bermúdez","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0059","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by increased vulnerability to stressors. Evidence on sex-specific determinants of frailty in cognitively intact nursing home residents remains limited. This study aimed to identify health dimensions associated with frailty in older women and men in nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 11 nursing homes in Bilbao, Spain. 147 residents aged ≥ 60 years without cognitive impairment were assessed using the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, together with validated measures of functional status, physical performance, emotional status (anxiety and depression), and loneliness. Sex-stratified analyses were performed using Spearman correlations and multivariable linear regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In women, total frailty was positively correlated with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and loneliness, and inversely correlated with functional status and physical performance (all p ≤ 0.012). In multivariable models, only depressive symptoms (B = 0.306; p = 0.011) and loneliness (B = 0.215; p = 0.002) remained independently associated with frailty. In men, total frailty was positively correlated with depressive symptoms and anxiety and inversely correlated with handgrip strength, functional status, and physical performance (all p < 0.001). After adjustment, depressive symptoms (B = 0.442; p = 0.004), lower handgrip strength (B = -0.066; p = 0.041), and poorer physical performance (B = -0.194; p = 0.022) remained independently associated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frailty among nursing home residents is a multidimensional condition. The findings suggest potential sex-related differences in the factors associated with frailty, with psychosocial variables showing stronger associations in women and physical performance-related variables showing stronger associations in men.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of chronic pain and slower processing speed with falls in community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"Hiroya Honda, Nanako Ishizaka, Sakura Sasaki, Tatsuya Hirase","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls in older adults are a major public health concern. Chronic pain and slower processing speed are risk factors for falls; however, their combined effect on falls remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess whether the coexistence of chronic pain and slower processing speed was associated with falls in community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 320 older adults who participated in a community-based health survey. Chronic pain was defined as pain persisting or recurring for more than 3 months. Processing speed was assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test; slower processing speed was defined as an age-adjusted Z-score ≤ -1.0. The participants were categorized into four groups based on the presence of chronic pain and slower processing speed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between group status and falls in the past year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 320 participants, 60 (18.8%) reported at least one fall in the previous year. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International, the coexistence of chronic pain and slower processing speed was significantly associated with falls compared to that with neither condition (odds ratio [OR]=3.203, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.036-9.901, p=0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The coexistence of chronic pain and slower processing speed was associated with an increased risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults. These findings may help refine fall risk stratification and inform fall prevention strategies considering chronic pain and processing speed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}