Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research最新文献

{"title":"Association between psychotropic medication use and declines in activities of daily living in previously independent older inpatients: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Eiji Kose, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Takako Nagai, Ryo Momosaki","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychotropic medications may impair recovery in older inpatients, but their effect on previously independent patients is unknown. We examined whether admission psychotropic medication use is associated with activities of daily living (ADL) decline at discharge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter prospective cohort study used data from a nine-center hospital-associated disability database collected from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2025. Patients aged ≥70 years admitted to general medical wards who underwent rehabilitation and were independent of ADL before admission (Katz Index=6) were enrolled. The primary and secondary outcomes were the Katz Index and Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) score at discharge, respectively. One primary multivariable analysis and two sensitivity analyses were performed. Pharmacist-led instruction sessions were also evaluated, and FILS scores were compared by session status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 202 patients (mean age, 80.3 years; 39.6% female), 32 (15.8%) used psychotropic medications at admission. In the primary analysis, psychotropic use was independently associated with a lower discharge Katz Index (B = -0.333, p = 0.046). The association was consistent in both sensitivity analyses (Model 1: B = -0.386, p = 0.019; Model 2: B = -0.345, p = 0.020), but not FILS score at discharge (p = 0.970). Any pharmacist-led session was linked to higher FILS scores, without a dose-response pattern.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of psychotropic medications at admission may be a risk factor for ADL decline at discharge in previously independent older inpatients. The patients receiving any instruction session had higher FILS scores than those receiving none.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health dimensions and sex differences in frailty among nursing home residents: a cross-sectional study in Bilbao, Spain.","authors":"Silvia Cepeda-Miguel, Idoia Imaz-Aramburu, Amaia Irazusta, Ainhoa Fernandez-Atutxa, Batirtze San Martín-Gamboa, Idoia Zarrazquin Arizaga, Borja Doncel-García, Ana B Fraile-Bermúdez","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0059","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by increased vulnerability to stressors. Evidence on sex-specific determinants of frailty in cognitively intact nursing home residents remains limited. This study aimed to identify health dimensions associated with frailty in older women and men in nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 11 nursing homes in Bilbao, Spain. 147 residents aged ≥ 60 years without cognitive impairment were assessed using the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, together with validated measures of functional status, physical performance, emotional status (anxiety and depression), and loneliness. Sex-stratified analyses were performed using Spearman correlations and multivariable linear regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In women, total frailty was positively correlated with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and loneliness, and inversely correlated with functional status and physical performance (all p ≤ 0.012). In multivariable models, only depressive symptoms (B = 0.306; p = 0.011) and loneliness (B = 0.215; p = 0.002) remained independently associated with frailty. In men, total frailty was positively correlated with depressive symptoms and anxiety and inversely correlated with handgrip strength, functional status, and physical performance (all p < 0.001). After adjustment, depressive symptoms (B = 0.442; p = 0.004), lower handgrip strength (B = -0.066; p = 0.041), and poorer physical performance (B = -0.194; p = 0.022) remained independently associated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frailty among nursing home residents is a multidimensional condition. The findings suggest potential sex-related differences in the factors associated with frailty, with psychosocial variables showing stronger associations in women and physical performance-related variables showing stronger associations in men.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of chronic pain and slower processing speed with falls in community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"Hiroya Honda, Nanako Ishizaka, Sakura Sasaki, Tatsuya Hirase","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls in older adults are a major public health concern. Chronic pain and slower processing speed are risk factors for falls; however, their combined effect on falls remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess whether the coexistence of chronic pain and slower processing speed was associated with falls in community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 320 older adults who participated in a community-based health survey. Chronic pain was defined as pain persisting or recurring for more than 3 months. Processing speed was assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test; slower processing speed was defined as an age-adjusted Z-score ≤ -1.0. The participants were categorized into four groups based on the presence of chronic pain and slower processing speed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between group status and falls in the past year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 320 participants, 60 (18.8%) reported at least one fall in the previous year. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International, the coexistence of chronic pain and slower processing speed was significantly associated with falls compared to that with neither condition (odds ratio [OR]=3.203, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.036-9.901, p=0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The coexistence of chronic pain and slower processing speed was associated with an increased risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults. These findings may help refine fall risk stratification and inform fall prevention strategies considering chronic pain and processing speed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Implications of the AWGS 2025 Sarcopenia Criteria in a Large Cohort of Community-Dwelling Thai Older Adults.","authors":"Natthaphon Ubonsutvanich, Rapas Samalapa, Thanyaporn Hengpongthorn, Chawalya Angsuwatjarakorn, Aisawan Petchlorlian, Bhorn-Ake Manasvanich, Sivarat Ratthanasathian, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0128","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2025 criteria introduced revised age-specific cutoffs and appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted for body mass index (ASM/BMI) as an alternative muscle mass index. We evaluated their effects on sarcopenia classification among Thai older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 8,073 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years attending a tertiary geriatric outpatient clinic. Low muscle mass and sarcopenia were classified using AWGS 2019 and 2025. Discordant ASM/height²- and ASM/BMI-based phenotypes were characterized, and age- and sex-adjusted associations with handgrip strength and gait speed were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low muscle mass prevalence increased from 43.2% under AWGS 2019 to 44.6% after applying the revised AWGS 2025 ASM/height² cutoffs and to 51.4% after including ASM/BMI. Sarcopenia prevalence increased from 15.1% to 17.5% and 19.7%, respectively. ASM/BMI identified 547 additional participants with low muscle mass. Participants with isolated low ASM/BMI had greater overall and central adiposity than those with isolated low ASM/height². ASM/height² was positively associated with handgrip strength (standardized β=0.262, p<0.001), whereas ASM/BMI was positively associated with gait speed (standardized β=0.122, p<0.001). Neither index was consistently superior across outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AWGS 2025 broadened low muscle mass and sarcopenia classification through revised age-specific cutoffs and ASM/BMI, which identified a complementary adiposity-related phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual transitions in serum zinc status among long-term care facility residents in Japan.","authors":"Norifumi Kudeken","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low serum zinc status is common in older adults living in long-term care facilities, but year-to-year transitions during routine annual health examinations remain insufficiently described. This study described adjacent annual pair-level transitions in serum zinc status and explored whether transition patterns differed according to available resident characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective descriptive study used annual health examination data collected in 2021-2025 at one long-term care facility in Okinawa, Japan. Zinc deficiency was defined as serum zinc <60 μg/dL (<9.2 μmol/L). Consecutive annual measurements were paired and classified as persistent deficiency, recovery, transition to deficiency, or persistent non-deficiency. Exploratory stratified summaries were calculated according to age, sex, facility care unit, albumin, anemia, and estimated glomerular filtration rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After excluding one pair with missing baseline zinc, 361 valid consecutive annual pairs from 166 residents were analyzed. Among baseline deficient pairs, persistent deficiency was observed in 163 of 217 pairs (75.1%; 95% confidence interval, 69.0%-80.4%). Among baseline non-deficient pairs, transition to deficiency occurred in 67 of 144 pairs (46.5%; 95% confidence interval, 38.6%-54.7%). Persistent deficiency was descriptively more frequent among pairs with age ≥85 years, facility care unit 2, and albumin <3.5 g/dL. Transition to deficiency was more frequent among pairs with albumin <3.5 g/dL and anemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low serum zinc frequently persisted, and transition to deficiency was also common. Unfavorable transitions were more apparent among residents with markers of nutritional or clinical vulnerability, but facility care-unit findings were facility-specific and these findings remain descriptive and pair-level.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Knowledge and Gaps in Geriatric Rehabilitation among Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine specialists.","authors":"Paolo Capodaglio, Eleftheria Antoniadou, Mooyeon Oh-Park, Walter R Frontera, Der-Sheng Han, Carmen M Terzic, Anne Felicia Ambrose, Francesca Gimigliano, Marta Supervia Pola, Yesim Gokce Kutsal, Dale C Strasser, Vu Q Nguyen, Jonathan F Bean, Vanessa Seijas, Jae-Young Lim","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global demographic shift toward an aging population necessitates a critical transformation in healthcare, particularly within Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM). Older adults frequently present with complex geriatric syndromes, such as frailty, sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment, that demand specialized, multidisciplinary rehabilitation strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present global survey conducted by the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) Special Interest Group (SIG) in Geriatric Rehabilitation identifies systemic and educational gaps in the current PRM landscape.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite a high clinical caseload of older adults, the majority of PRM practitioners report inadequate residency training in geriatric competencies and cite workforce shortages as primary barriers to care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This article discusses the perspectives and future steps required to elevate geriatric rehabilitation, emphasizing the urgent need for structured academic programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Relationships between In-person and Digital Social Interactions with Family and Friends and Loneliness among Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 2024 JACSIS.","authors":"Yu Koizumi, Takeshi Miura, Kazumi Kubota, Miya Aishima, Yukiko Matsumura, Yuka Kanoya, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0215.c1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.25.0215.c1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between finger-dexterity dual task and neuropsychological tests in middle-aged and older adults.","authors":"Ziheng Pan, Kenji Tsunoda, Jaehoon Seol, Taiki Inoue, Kyohei Shibuya, Koki Nagata, Iku Nishimura, Jieun Yoon, Miyuki Nemoto, Tetsuaki Arai, Tomohiro Okura","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the importance of early cognitive impairment detection, standard screening tools have limitations. Motor-cognitive dual tasks such as the Digital Trail Making Peg Test (DTMP) are feasible objective alternatives. Nonetheless, most studies have focused on older adults, and whether these tasks are associated with cognitive performance in midlife remains unclear. This study investigated associations between DTMP performance and neuropsychological test performance in middle-aged and older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 171 middle-aged (54.5 years; female, 61.4%) and 173 older (73.7 years; female, 41.6%) adults from the Tsukuba Happiness Life Study. Finger-dexterity dual-task performance was assessed using DTMP-A, requiring peg insertion in ascending numerical order, and DTMP-B, requiring alternating peg insertion between numbers and hiragana characters. Neuropsychological test performance was assessed using standardized measures of attention, executive function, memory, and language. Associations were examined using age-stratified multiple linear regression models after adjusting for covariates, with supportive domain-level models additionally adjusted for the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In age-stratified models, faster DTMP-B performance was significantly associated with better performance across attention, executive, memory, and language measures in both age groups, with standardized β coefficients ranging in absolute value from 0.22 to 0.64. Compared with DTMP-A, DTMP-B showed a broader and more consistent pattern of associations. In supportive DSST-adjusted models, DTMP-B remained associated with executive, memory, and language domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The finger-dexterity dual task, particularly DTMP-B, showed consistent associations with neuropsychological test performance across cognitive domains, suggesting its potential as a practical performance-based indicator in middle-aged and older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ambient temperature and 24-hour movement behaviors in community-dwelling older adults in Japan: The Kyotango Longevity Cohort Study.","authors":"Aya Yamanaka, Koshiro Sawada, Norikazu Hishikawa, Hironari Shinjo, Motonori Kubo, Hiroki Kimura, Suzuyo Ohashi, Satoaki Matoba, Yasuo Mikami","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity, and sleep duration are 24-hour movement behaviors and key indicators of healthy aging. This study examined the association between daily mean ambient temperature and 24-hour movement behaviors among community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from 769 participants aged ≥ 65 years (mean age 73.5 ± 5.5 years; 59.0% female) in the Kyotango Longevity Cohort Study conducted in Kyotango City, Japan. SB and physical activity were objectively assessed in each participant using a triaxial accelerometer over 7 consecutive days (4,344 valid person-days in total). Associations between daily mean ambient temperature and 24-hour movement behaviors were evaluated using linear mixed-effects models with natural cubic splines. The association between ambient temperature and sleep duration, estimated from sleep diaries or standardized sleep windows when diary data were unavailable, was also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant non-linear associations were observed between daily mean ambient temperature and all 24-hour movement behaviors (all p < 0.05). SB exhibited a U-shaped pattern, with the predicted minimum at approximately 20.8 °C. By contrast, light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity showed inverted U-shaped associations, peaking at approximately 20.7 °C and 21.1 °C, respectively. Sleep duration remained relatively stable at low-to-moderate ambient temperatures but tended to decline above approximately 22 °C.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ambient temperature is an important environmental factor associated with 24-hour movement behaviors in older adults. These findings underscore the importance of considering thermal conditions when developing strategies to reduce SB, increase physical activity, and maintain appropriate sleep durations in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Participation in Physical Activity Among Older Adults With Disabilities: Barriers, Intention, and Preferred Participation Modes a National Survey in Korea.","authors":"Byumsuk Han","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.26.0056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity is essential for healthy ageing, yet older adults with disabilities show lower participation than those without disabilities. This study examined barriers, participation intention, and preferred participation modes among non-participating older adults with disabilities, focusing on heterogeneity across disability types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used nationally representative data from the 2024 National Survey on Sports Participation for Persons with Disabilities in South Korea. The sample included 1,865 adults aged ≥60 years who reported no exercise participation during the previous year under the survey-based definition. Weighted descriptive analyses, Rao-Scott tests, and survey-weighted logistic regression were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common primary barriers were lack of motivation (27.1%), poor health condition (23.9%), and lack of time to exercise (11.5%), with significant variation in several barriers across disability types. Severe disability was associated with lower odds of participation intention (OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.46-0.85), whereas employment was associated with higher odds (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.09-1.91). Compared with physical disabilities, hearing and speech disabilities were associated with higher odds of participation intention (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.08-1.89). Among respondents with participation intention, outdoor walking was the most preferred mode (57.5%); preferred modes did not differ significantly across disability types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-participation in exercise was heterogeneous across disability types, particularly in primary reported barriers, while participation intention differed by disability severity, employment status, and disability type. Outdoor walking was the predominant preference among those reporting intention, highlighting the importance of considering both disability-specific heterogeneity and overall preferences when planning exercise-support strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}