Life Expectancy of the Tokugawa Shogun Family Estimated from Edo Period Historical Records.

IF 2.8 Q3 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI:10.4235/agmr.25.0008

Hisashi Fujita, Shinya Matsukawa, Hiroomi Tsumura, Dong Hoon Shin

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Abstract

Background: This study aims to estimate the average life expectancy (LE) of the Tokugawa Shogun family by analyzing historical documents. The data is also compared to modern Japanese life expectancy figures.

Methods: The lifespan of members of the Tokugawa Shogun family is estimated based on data from Edo-period documents. We assess survival rates by age, sex, and other factors. Lunar calendar dates are converted into solar calendar dates, and birth years are counted as age 0 to ensure that the estimated LE is comparable to modern Japanese estimates, free from bias.

Results: The mean life expectancy at birth (LEB) for males in the Tokugawa Shogun family is 20.93 ± 25.03 years, and for females, it is 20.53 ± 25.16 years. The pooled result for both sexes is 20.75 ± 25.00 years.

Conclusions: The life expectancy of the Tokugawa Shogun family is lower than that of modern Japanese, despite their status as the supreme elite class in Edo-period Japan. This reduced life expectancy is primarily attributed to high infant mortality rates, though survival rates for individuals aged 10 and above remained relatively consistent.

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从江户时代的历史记录估计德川幕府家族的预期寿命。

背景：本研究旨在通过分析历史文献，估计德川幕府家族的平均预期寿命。该数据还与现代日本的预期寿命数据进行了比较。方法：根据江户时期文献资料对德川幕府家族成员的寿命进行估算。我们根据年龄、性别和其他因素评估生存率。阴历日期被转换为阳历日期，出生年份被计算为0岁，以确保估计的LE与现代日本的估计相当，没有偏差。结果：德川幕府家族男性平均出生预期寿命（LEB）为20.93±25.03岁，女性平均出生预期寿命（LEB）为20.53±25.16岁。男女合计结果为20.75±25.00岁。结论：德川幕府家族是江户时代日本的最高精英阶层，但其预期寿命低于现代日本人。预期寿命缩短的主要原因是婴儿死亡率高，尽管10岁及以上个人的存活率保持相对稳定。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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