Journal of Chinese Linguistics最新文献_第8页

On the syntax of the negative marker Mei6 in Cantonese 论粤语否定标记Mei6的句法

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0013

Sze-wing Tang

{"title":"On the syntax of the negative marker Mei6 in Cantonese","authors":"Sze-wing Tang","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0013","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Syntactic properties of the negative marker mei6 in the preverbal and sentence-final positions in Cantonese are examined in this paper. It is argued that the preverbal mei6 is the head of NegP in the lexical layer while the sentence-final mei6 is a sentence-final particle of the temporal type in the head of TP that belongs to the inflectional layer, forming VP-Neg questions. A number of empirical facts, such as matching restrictions on the predicate, coexistence with the sentence-final particles of the temporal type, occurrence in embedded clauses, and distribution of the adverb zung6 'still', can be explained under the base-generation approach to the derivation of the VP-Neg questions.摘要:本文旨在讨论粤语谓语前和句末否定标记 \"未\" 的句法特点。谓语前的\"未\"属于否定词短语的中心语，位处词汇层次；句末\"未\"属于时间类句末助词，位于时间词短语的中心语，位处屈折层次，形成反复问句。根据本文对反复问句基础生成的分析，跟\"未\"相关的谓语匹配要求、与时间类句末助词共现问题、进入嵌套小句、副词\"仲\" 分布等语言事实，都可以得到合理的解释。","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"323 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41818268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relative clauses in Archaic Chinese 古代汉语中的关系从句

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0015

Chen Zhao, Futong Zhang

{"title":"Relative clauses in Archaic Chinese","authors":"Chen Zhao, Futong Zhang","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:As is well known, all relative clauses in Modern Chinese are marked with de. Compared with Modern Chinese, Archaic Chinese seems to have a richer encoding for relative clauses. It has three possible relative markers: zhe, zhi and suo. In this article, we will approach to Archaic Chinese relatives from the perspective of formal syntax. We will argue that zhe is a subject relative pronoun and suo a VP internal relative pronoun, and that zhe- and suo-relatives are derived from the A'-movement of the relevant relative pronoun to the peripheral position, creating an operator-variable relation at LF. Simultaneously, we will use Cecchetto and Donati's labeling theory to account for a peculiar phenomenon that the same relative pronoun can form both headless and headed relatives. We will further argue that the relative marker zhi, as English that, is an invariant relativizer occupying the C position, and that zhi-relatives involve null operator movement. That is to say, like English type of languages, Archaic Chinese actually involves two separate relativizing strategies: through a relative pronoun or a null operator. The article also contributes to the debate on the analysis of relatives: data from Archaic Chinese favors an Adjunction Analysis to the Raising Analysis (or Complementation Analysis) à la Kayne.摘要:众所周知，现代汉语中所有的关系从句均由\"的\"引导。相比之下，上古汉语中关系从句的表现形式则更为丰富，共有\"者\"\"之\"\"所\" 三种关系化标记。本文将从形式句法的视角探讨上古汉语的上述三种关系从句。我们认为\"者\"是主语关系代词，而\"所\"是VP内关系代词，带\"者\"或\"所\"的关系从句是通过关系代词A'移动至边缘位置而生成的，并借此在LF 层建立了算子–变量关系。同时，我们将采用 Cecchetto 和Donati 的加标理论来解释上古汉语中同一个关系代词既可构成无核关系从句，又可构成有核关系从句这一奇特的语法现象。至于关系化标记\"之\"，我们认为它与英语中的that 相似，是标句词C，而\"之\"引导的关系从句则是通过空算子移位生成的。也就是说，上古汉语和英语类语言一样，都具有两种独立的关系化策略，即要么通过关系代词实现关系化，要么通过空算子实现关系化。另外，此文还将对目前学界关于关系从句分析方法的争论起到一定的参考作用：上古汉语的语料证明了嫁接分析法要优于Kayne 的提升(或称补语)分析法。","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"385 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46808926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the biological basis of prosody: A response to Duanmu's rhythmic analysis 论韵律的生物学基础——对端木韵律分析的回应

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0021

Shengli Feng

{"title":"On the biological basis of prosody: A response to Duanmu's rhythmic analysis","authors":"Shengli Feng","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:本文针对端木三的节奏分析，论证了人类语言的生理重复系统。基于冯胜利、施春宏(2021)的节律分析，本文提出节奏不仅是一个单位的交替重复，更是一种根植于人类生理上的感知(主要是听觉)现象。因此，自然现象中的机械重复(如潮汐的涨落往复、钟表的\"嘀嘀\"之声) 必须与人类语言基于生理机制的重复(如诗歌的节奏、鼓点节拍等)区分开来。文章认为：音乐节奏的生理试验(如Teie 2016 有关胎儿/婴儿音律节拍习得的试验研究)可证本文\"生物节律\"的理论，而古代节律学家(如沈约[441−513 CE]的\"前有浮声、后须切响；一简之内，音韵尽殊；两句之中，轻重悉异\")也可从诗歌和韵文节律的发明上，证实本文\"相对凸显\"为节律基本单位的理论假说。文章最后指出：本文提出的\"生理韵律\"理论，一方面与乔姆斯基的语言能力(即大脑运算系统的基因禀赋)的假说相行不悖，另一方面也向乔姆斯基\"生理句法\" 理论提出挑战：如果人类语言交替单元的重复系统(衍生出相对凸显原则)乃为生物心跳规律所赋予，则人类语言的生理机能就不仅限于\"合并merge\"(大脑机能)，同时也包括\"相对凸显relative prominence\" (心跳机能)。据此，人类语言句子的语法性(grammaticality)将不单由句法部门所决定，也必取决于韵律部门的生成机制。","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"545 - 560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42874188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Triggering an implied clause: Insights from tso in Changde dialect 隐含从句的触发——常德方言tso的启示

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0018

Qing Tang, Liu Han, J. Han

引用次数: 0

Turning the tide: Reversing heritage language attrition and shift in a Chinese American family 扭转潮流：扭转华裔家庭中传统语言的流失和转变

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0012

Y. Li, S. Matthews

{"title":"Turning the tide: Reversing heritage language attrition and shift in a Chinese American family","authors":"Y. Li, S. Matthews","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0012","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Families immigrating to English-speaking countries, such as Chinese families in the USA, typically undergo language shift to English within three generations. In principle, however, language shift can be reversed, as documented in the case of certain endangered languages. In a case study of a three-generation Chinese American family, we show how heritage language attrition and inter-generational language shift can be reversed. The birth of a third generation motivates the second-generation parents to resume speaking and acquiring Chinese. Awareness of the advantages of bilingualism and recognition of a Chinese American identity lead the second-generation parents to transmit Chinese language and culture to the third generation.摘要:移民至英语国家的家庭，比如在美华裔家庭，通常会在三代人的时间内就不再传承母语，转而使用英语。然而这种趋势并非不可逆转，如某些濒危语言研究所示。本文通过一个在美华裔家庭三代人的案例研究，阐述如何扭转继承语磨蚀的趋势和第二、第三代的语言转向。第三代的出生促使第二代重拾母语，增加母语的使用，继而提升其母语能力。同时，第二代对拥有双语能力优势的体认以及他们对华裔身分的认同，也更进一步促使汉语语言文化代代相传。","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"291 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47069457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Clause-Chain and Converb In Tibetan 藏语的从句与变节

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0016

Mingyuan Shao

{"title":"The Clause-Chain and Converb In Tibetan","authors":"Mingyuan Shao","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0016","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:小句链和副动词是语言类型学中比较独特的从句组合形式。现代藏语是小句链和副动词结构极其发达的语言，在藏缅语中也极具特色。东纳藏语的小句链和副动词结构在藏语中具有代表性，其形态句法特征主要体现为四个方面：根据小句指称的异同区分小句链结构和副动词结构；副动词和中间动词形态根据小句叙实性与否分为两类；副动词和中间动词要采用非限定式，而主句则采用限定式；副动词从句和中间小句与主句主语指称可以自由互换。东纳藏语的小句链和副动词结构，与连动结构和并列结构在一系列形态句法上区别开来。ABSTRACT:Clause-chains and converbs represent typologically distinctive ways of clause combination. Modern Tibetan has highly elaborated clause-chain and converbial structures, which are also quite unique among Tibeto-Burman languages. The clause-chain and converbial structures of Mdungnag Tibetan are representative in Tibetan, and their morphosyntactic features are mainly reflected in four aspects. In Mdungnag Tibetan, there are different markers for converbial and medial clauses depending on whether the clause is realis or irrealis. Converbial clauses and medial clauses are non-finite, while the matrix clauses are finite. Converb clauses and medial clauses can switch reference freely. The clause-chain and converbial structures of Mdungnag Tibetan are morphosyntactically distinct from conjunctive structures as well as juxtaposed structures.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"419 - 442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48976206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response particles hai6 in Cantonese 广东话中的反应粒子hai6

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0020

L. Cheng

引用次数: 0

Triggering an Implied Clause: Insights from Tso in Changde Dialect 触发隐含子句:常德话左宗棠的启示

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-05-28 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0115

Qing Tang, Liu Han, J. Han

引用次数: 0

On the big silent appositive time in dà NP de construction in Chinese: A compositional approach. 从构图的角度看汉语句法结构中的大静默同位语时间。

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0114

Changsong Wang

引用次数: 0

Relative Clauses in Archaic Chinese 古代汉语中的关系从句

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0111

Chen Zhao, Futong Zhang

{"title":"Relative Clauses in Archaic Chinese","authors":"Chen Zhao, Futong Zhang","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2017.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2017.0111","url":null,"abstract":"As is well known, all relative clauses in Modern Chinese are marked with de. Compared with Modern Chinese, Archaic Chinese seems to have a richer encoding for relative clauses. It has three possible relative markers: zhe, zhi and suo. In this article, we will approach to Archaic Chinese relatives from the perspective of formal syntax. We will argue that zhe is a subject relative pronoun and suo a VP internal relative pronoun, and that zhe- and suo- relatives are derived from the A’-movement of the relevant relative pronoun to the peripheral position, creating an operator-variable relation at LF. Simultaneously, we will use Cecchetto and Donati’s labeling theory to account for a peculiar phenomenon that the same relative pronoun can form both headless and headed relatives. We will further argue that the relative marker zhi, as English that, is an invariant relativizer occupying the C position, and that zhi-relatives involve null operator movement. That is to say, like English type of languages, Archaic Chinese actually involves two separate relativizing strategies: through a relative pronoun or a null operator. The article also contributes to the debate on the analysis of relatives: data from Archaic Chinese favors an Adjunction Analysis to the Raising Analysis (or Complementation Analysis) à la Kayne.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49245264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0