Journal of Chinese Linguistics最新文献_第8页

合成复合词系统的生成机制研究 ——基于语体语法的视角 Research on the Generation Mechanism of Composite Word System: From the Perspective of Stylistic Grammar

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0026

春宏施

{"title":"合成复合词系统的生成机制研究 ——基于语体语法的视角","authors":"春宏施","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:关于合成复合词 OVN 和 VON 的结构特征及其合法性问题,学界已从形式句法、韵律语法及句法、韵律、语义等多重因素相互作用等方面做了较为丰富的探讨,但目前仍有很大争议。本文试图在学界既有研究的基础上提出新的分析角度,以期对合成复合词各种类型的生成机制及其约束条件做出更为一致性的描写和解释。文章首先系统描写了合成复合词系统复杂多样的组配类型及其合法性、合用性表现,概括了学界关于合成复合词生成条件所讨论的主要方面及有待解决的问题,由此提出基于语体语法基本原理的研究路径。在建构语体语法的时空性原理及其运作规则系统的基础上,文章逐一分析了不同类型合成复合词的合法性和合用性的具体约束条件,并对各种特殊类型和特殊用例的生成动因做出阐释。文章由此提出,对合成复合词的生成机制而言,所谓的例外、特例、反例现象是受到多重互动关系制约的结果;合成复合词的类型学差异受到语言结构特征和特殊语体动因的相互制约,这为建立语体类型学提供了一个很好的参照。文章最后指出,这种基于多重互动关系作用机制的研究,可以启发我们对相关研究的方法论问题做出新的思考。 ABSTRACT:Both the structural characteristics and grammaticality issues of synthetic compounds OVN and VON have been fully discussed from perspectives of formal syntax, prosodic grammar and multiple interactions among syntax, prosody and semantics. However, there is still a lot of controversy. This paper puts forward a new analysis based on existing studies and aims to provide a more consistent description and explanation on generative mechanism and constraints of all types of synthetic compounds. First, this paper systematically describes the complex and diverse combination types of synthetic compounds as well as their grammaticality and usability, and summarizes the main aspects and problems to be solved in terms of generative constraints of these compounds, which pave the way to propose a new approach from Stylistic-Register Grammar. With Spatio-Temporal Principle and operational rules of Stylistic-Register Grammar, this paper analyzes the specific constraints on the grammaticality and usability of different types of synthetic compounds, and explains the motivations of special types and cases. Therefore, this paper suggests that the so-called exceptions, special examples or counter-examples are essentially the results of multiple interactions, while the differences of typological features of synthetic compounds are the results of interactions between structural characteristics and specific register motivations, which provide a good reference for the establishment of stylistic-register typology. Lastly, this paper points out that the approach focusing on multi-interactive mechanism could inspire us to make new thinking on the methodologies in related research fields.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48938726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

满汉《清文指要》使役结构句式表达比较研究 A Comparative Study on the Sentence Patterns of Causative Structures in Manchu and Han "Qing Wen Zhi Yao"

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0027

美兰张, 沫李

{"title":"满汉《清文指要》使役结构句式表达比较研究","authors":"美兰张, 沫李","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:满语使动态是在动词词根与动词时制间接缀附加成分“bu”构成。使役受使者成分有宾格“be”或与位格“de”标记,构成“S使事+ N受使+be/de+V(-bu-)”的使役句式。文章主要讨论了满汉合璧本《清文指要》中汉语对译满语使动态词缀“bu”时的表达情况,调查发现满语该结构中“N 受使”缺省与否、有无标记以及生命度的高低直接导致汉译呈现出显性使役、隐性使役和非使役三种策略,动词 V 的及物性高低,影响到汉译中选择致使还是使让两个不同类型使役句表达。这更显示出满语该句式使动态词缀“bu”的显赫特征。早期汉译本受满文影响大,汉语北京官话改写本在遵循使役句式根本特点的基础上,更倾向于清末北方汉语口语表达。ABSTRACT:Manchu causative sentence is formed by the affix “bu” after the verbal root. The causee has objective case mark “be” or dative case mark “de”, and constitutes causative sentence formed as “S+N+be/de+V(-bu-)”. This research discusses the expression of the affix \"bu\" in the translation of Manchu into Chinese in QingWenZhiYao Manchu and Chinese versions. It is found that in Manchu causative sentence, the absence of causee, marked or not, and animacy hierarchy directly lead to three strategies in Chinese translation: explicit causation, implicit causation and non-causation. The transitivity of verbs affects the choice of causation or permission in Chinese translation. This shows the affix “bu” is a prominent feature in Manchu causative sentence. The early Chinese version was greatly influenced by Manchu. The rewriting of Beijing Mandarin followed the basic characteristics of the causative sentence pattern and was more inclined to the oral expression of northern Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46840751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

词义感染与删略生义 Infection of word meanings and deletion of new meanings

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0024

福祥吴

引用次数: 0

On Focality of the Imperfective Marker Zai Wu-Li in Xiang Dialect and Its Grammaticalization (in Chinese) 湘话不完全标记词“再无里”的重音性及其语法化

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0117

Yunhua Wang

引用次数: 0

Opportunities and Challenges: On Foreign Factors and Their Influence in Contemporary Chinese (in Chinese) 机遇与挑战:当代汉语中的外来因素及其影响

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0120

Y. Diao, Yueli Yueli

{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges: On Foreign Factors and Their Influence in Contemporary Chinese (in Chinese)","authors":"Y. Diao, Yueli Yueli","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2017.0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2017.0120","url":null,"abstract":"Great changes have taken place in contemporary Chinese, which are mainly reflected in the overall structure, specific units and meanings of vocabulary. The above-mentioned changes are generally manifested as a certain degree of deviation or even breakthrough from the original norms, reflecting the “new tendency” of contemporary Chinese; in addition, the restoration and reuse of some old forms before 1949 are “restorative” changes. The former is directly or indirectly related to the influence of western factors, providing a large number of concrete facts for the theory of language development, as well as the latest materials, explanations and supplements for the proposition of “language and social co-variation” by sociolinguistics, the theory of language variation and contact, and the theory of style, etc. The above changes have brought opportunities and challenges to contemporary Chinese research. They not only provide an excellent window for observing the development and changes of contemporary languages, but also promote the current language research into the “second era”; on the other hand, they challenge the traditional view of language and characters, knowledge system and the processing and understanding of some specific issues, which need to be actively addressed.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42799142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Archaic Chinese Have a Marked Subjunctive Mood: Some Evidence From Modal Negators 古汉语是否有明显的虚拟语气:来自情态否定词的证据

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0123

Barbara Meisterernst

引用次数: 1

A Set of “以” Indicating “Consider” —A Proposal of “以” Without “Too” in The Meaning (in Chinese) 一套“以” 表示“考虑”——关于“以” 意思中没有“太”（中文）

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0118

Liu Yang, Feng Yang

{"title":"A Set of “以” Indicating “Consider” —A Proposal of “以” Without “Too” in The Meaning (in Chinese)","authors":"Liu Yang, Feng Yang","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2017.0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2017.0118","url":null,"abstract":"In “三月无君则吊，不以急乎” (Did not this condoling, on being three months unemployed by a ruler, show a too great urgency to you?) from Mencius, “以” is commonly interpreted as 太 (too), bearing the same connotation with the “以” in “不以泰乎” (is it too excessive), also from Mencius, in an identical structure “adverb+ 以+adjective(+ 乎)”. The contexts of “不以泰乎”, “如其道，则舜受尧之天下，不以为泰。子以为泰乎” (Shun accepted the Empire from Yao without considering it to be excessive, when it was in accordance with the Way. Or perhaps you consider even this to be excessive?) could provide an indication that “不以泰乎” means “consider even this to be excessive” and further suggests that “不以急乎” means “consider it to be a great urgency”. There has been a myriad of sentences with the pattern of “以...为...” (consider... to be..) in the synchronic literature. The pattern “以为...” (consider as...) arose from the cases where the objective of “以” in “以...为...” referred to something or event that had appeared shortly prior to the context. The pattern “以...” (consider...) derived from the pattern of “以为”. It could be well demonstrated in the similar distribution in “以+adjective” and “以为 +adjective”. In some dictionaries of ancient Chinese function words, “以” and “已” as two synonym adverbs indicating “too” 太. And yet the instances gave in the dictionary could all be dissembled: in the first cases, “以(consider)” could be regarded as omitted expression of “以为”; in the second, it could be seen as a preposition in Chinese; or it should be seen as the equivalent of “已”, bearing the meaning of “already”.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42447712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the XiāN/XiāN Distinction in Modern Xiang Dialects and Reconstruction in Proto-Xiang (in Chinese) 论现代湘方言Xi/Xi的区别与原湘语的重构

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0124

Ruiwen Wu

引用次数: 0

Description and Comparison: Habitual Aspect in Lianjiang Yue Dialect (in Chinese) 连江越方言习惯方面的描述与比较

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0122

Huayong Lin, Huachen Li, Ziwei Zhong

{"title":"Description and Comparison: Habitual Aspect in Lianjiang Yue Dialect (in Chinese)","authors":"Huayong Lin, Huachen Li, Ziwei Zhong","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2017.0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2017.0122","url":null,"abstract":"In Lianjiang Yue dialect, the auxiliary verb “guan1” and the aspect particle “guan2”, which place before and after verbs respectively, refer to habitual meaning. By investigating these two words, we find that in Lianjiang Yue dialect, Guigang Yue dialect and Hakka dialect, “guan” has grammaticalized from descriptive complement to habitual particle, while in Guangzhou dialect “guan” has not evolved in this way. The habitual particle in Guangzhou dialect is “kai”. There are two paths of grammaticalization for the habitual particles in Chinese dialect. One is from descriptive complement to habitual aspect (such as “kai” in Guangzhou dialect, and “guan2” in Lianjiang dialect), while the other is from verb to auxiliary verb (such as “guan1” in Lianjiang Yue dialect). Auxiliary verbs, descriptive complements and aspect particles referring to habitual meaning all fall into the habitual category, and they are important to the study of the habitual category in Chinese. In this paper, we examine the postverbal “guan” in Lianjiang Yue dialect within the “static– dynamic” framework of dialectal grammar research, studying its current usage as well as its evolvement. This is","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43646843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Study on the Sentence Expression of Causative in Qingwen Zhiyao Manchu and Chinese Versions (in Chinese) 《清文·智要》满汉译本中因果关系语句表达的比较研究

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0119

Meilan Zhang, Mo Li

引用次数: 0