Journal of Chinese Linguistics最新文献_第6页

机遇与挑战: 论当代汉语中的外来因素及其影响机遇与挑战: 论当代汉语中的外来因素及其影响

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0023

晏斌刁, 月莉卢

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引用次数: 0

湘语非完整体标记 “在屋里” 的聚焦度及其演变研究 A Study on the Focusing Degree and Evolution of the Incomplete Whole Mark "In the House" in Xiang Language

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0029

芸华王

{"title":"湘语非完整体标记 “在屋里” 的聚焦度及其演变研究","authors":"芸华王","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0029","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:湘语中的“在屋里”既能表示某一时点动作正在进行,也能表示某一时段动作的持续进行或惯常发生,还可以与形容词共现表示某种状态,呈现出“低聚焦”的特点。“在屋里”在演变过程中与“在这/那里” 相互竞争,经历了“高聚焦>低聚焦>零聚焦”的动态过程,其“低聚焦”性与“在这/那里”的“高聚焦”性在非完整体内部形成对立。“在屋里”的虚化受原型模型的驱动,同时隐喻、类推和重新分析等机制发挥了重要作用,其过程同时伴随主观性增强的特征。ABSTRACT:Zai wu-li (literally “in the house”) in Xiang dialect can be used to denote the progressiveness of an act in a particular time point, and the continuity or habituality of an act in a period of time, and can co-occur with adjectives to indicate a certain state. It displays a feature of low focality. Competing with zai zhe-er/na-er (meaning here/there), zai wu-li has undergone a dynamic evolution of “high focality>low focality> non-focality”, and its low focality contrasts with the high focality displayed by zai zhe-er/na-er in Xiang dialect within the imperfective system. The grammaticalization of zai wu-li is largely driven by prototype model, while mechanisms like metaphor, analogy and reanalysis also play a role. The grammaticalization process is accompanied by the enhancement of subjectivity.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"756 - 774"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45089285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

描写与比较: 廉江粤语的惯常体 Description and Comparison: The Usual Form of Lianjiang Cantonese

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0028

华勇林, 华琛李, 子维钟

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引用次数: 0

論現代湘語中的仙先之別及其早期形式的擬測论现代湘语中的仙先之别及其早期形式的拟测

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0030

瑞文吳

{"title":"論現代湘語中的仙先之別及其早期形式的擬測","authors":"瑞文吳","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0030","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:本文以現代湘語方言為基礎,利用《切韻》框架探討其中存在的山攝開口三四等——亦即仙韻與先韻——的音韻區別,並根據現代湘語的實際語音表現,擬測原始湘語中這一對韻母的早期形式(proto form)。關於現代湘語是否能夠區分山攝仙先,學者間存在正反不同的意見。本文在前人的基礎上擴大比較湘語的範圍以及同源詞數量,一方面證明原始湘語中仙先的語音區別,一方面擬測其原始形式。本文的結論認為:1)現代湘語中確實保存仙先的區別,並在中古精系聲母及來母的環境下存在對立;2)根據現代湘語的語音表現,仙三在原始湘語可擬為*-iɑn, 先四則可擬為*-ian; 3)透過吳ˎ閩ˎ湘三個原始方言的比較,可以建立六朝江東方言*-iɑn 與*-ian 的對立。這個現象顯示江東方言與湘語的密切關係。ABSTRACT:Based on the framework of the Qièyùn (切韻) system, this paper explores phonological distinctions between Grade III and Grade IV of the Shān Shè (山攝) rhyme group, namely the Xiān (仙) and Xiān (先) rhyme, in Modern Xiang . Whether the Xiān (仙)/Xiān (先) distinction exists or not in modern Xiang dialects is still under debate. These different views constitute the primary research motivation of this paper. This paper concludes that:1. The Xiān (仙)/Xiān (先) distinction is indeed preserved in Modern Xiang, and the phonological contrast occurs after the initials of the Jing (精) series of Middle Chinese. 2. According to the phonetic representation in Modern Xiang, Xiān (仙) could be reconstructed as *-iɑn and Xiān (先) as *-ian. 3. By comparing with other proto dialects, we reconstruct the contrast of *- iɑn and *-ian in the old Jiangdong dialect of the Six Dynasties, which establishes the close relationship between Xiang and Jiangdong dialect in history.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"775 - 804"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48406475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“以”表“认为”义的一组例子: ——兼论“以”的“太”意义不可靠 A Set of Examples of the Meaning of "Yi" Expressing "Belief": -- Also on the Unreliable Meaning of "Tai" in "Yi"

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0025

柳岸杨, 逢彬杨

{"title":"“以”表“认为”义的一组例子: ——兼论“以”的“太”意义不可靠","authors":"柳岸杨, 逢彬杨","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0025","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:《孟子》“三月无君则吊,不以急乎”的“以”一般解释为“太”, 它与同书“不以泰乎”的“以”同处于“副词+以+形容词(+乎)”结构中,因而意义是一样的。后者的下文“非其道,则一箪食不可受于人;如其道,则舜受尧之天下,不以为泰。子以为泰乎”又可证明“不以泰乎”即“不以为泰乎”,从而也证明“不以急乎”即“不以为急乎”。共时文献中存在大量“以……为……”格式的句子,当“以”的宾语所指的事物、事件在紧接着的上文出现过时,该格式便衍生出“ 以为……”格式。这一格式又衍生出了“以……”格式。若干“以+形容词”和“以为+形容词”句分布条件类似,能够证明这一点。一些古汉语虚词词典中将“以、已”释为副词,意义为“太”的例子都可分解:其中“以”或为“以为”之省,或为介词,或应读为“已”; 而“已”则都是“已经”的意思。ABSTRACT:In “三月无君则吊,不以急乎” (Did not this condoling, on being three months unemployed by a ruler, show a too great urgency to you?) from Mencius, “ 以 ” is commonly interpreted as 太 (too), bearing the same connotation with the “以” in “不以泰乎” (is it too excessive), also from Mencius, in an identical structure “adverb+ 以+adjective(+ 乎)”. The contexts of “不以泰乎”, “如其道,则舜受尧之天下,不以为泰。子以为泰乎” (Shun accepted the Empire from Yao without considering it to be excessive, when it was in accordance with the Way. Or perhaps you consider even this to be excessive?) could provide an indication that “不以泰乎” means “consider even this to be excessive” and further suggests that “不以急乎” means “consider it to be a great urgency”. There has been a myriad of sentences with the pattern of “以...为...” (consider... to be..) in the synchronic literature. The pattern “以为...” (consider as...) arose from the cases where the objective of “以” in “以...为...” referred to something or event that had appeared shortly prior to the context. The pattern “以...” (consider...) derived from the pattern of “以为”. It could be well demonstrated in the similar distribution in “以+adjective” and “以为+adjective”. In some dictionaries of ancient Chinese function words, “以” and “ 已 ” as two synonym adverbs indicating “too” 太 . And yet the instances gave in the dictionary could all be dissembled: in the first cases, “以(consider)” could be regarded as omitted expression of “以为”; in the second, it could be seen as a preposition in Chinese; or it should be seen as the equivalent of “已”, bearing the meaning of “already”.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"653 - 666"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49003251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

合成复合词系统的生成机制研究 ——基于语体语法的视角 Research on the Generation Mechanism of Composite Word System: From the Perspective of Stylistic Grammar

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0026

春宏施

{"title":"合成复合词系统的生成机制研究 ——基于语体语法的视角","authors":"春宏施","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:关于合成复合词 OVN 和 VON 的结构特征及其合法性问题,学界已从形式句法、韵律语法及句法、韵律、语义等多重因素相互作用等方面做了较为丰富的探讨,但目前仍有很大争议。本文试图在学界既有研究的基础上提出新的分析角度,以期对合成复合词各种类型的生成机制及其约束条件做出更为一致性的描写和解释。文章首先系统描写了合成复合词系统复杂多样的组配类型及其合法性、合用性表现,概括了学界关于合成复合词生成条件所讨论的主要方面及有待解决的问题,由此提出基于语体语法基本原理的研究路径。在建构语体语法的时空性原理及其运作规则系统的基础上,文章逐一分析了不同类型合成复合词的合法性和合用性的具体约束条件,并对各种特殊类型和特殊用例的生成动因做出阐释。文章由此提出,对合成复合词的生成机制而言,所谓的例外、特例、反例现象是受到多重互动关系制约的结果;合成复合词的类型学差异受到语言结构特征和特殊语体动因的相互制约,这为建立语体类型学提供了一个很好的参照。文章最后指出,这种基于多重互动关系作用机制的研究,可以启发我们对相关研究的方法论问题做出新的思考。 ABSTRACT:Both the structural characteristics and grammaticality issues of synthetic compounds OVN and VON have been fully discussed from perspectives of formal syntax, prosodic grammar and multiple interactions among syntax, prosody and semantics. However, there is still a lot of controversy. This paper puts forward a new analysis based on existing studies and aims to provide a more consistent description and explanation on generative mechanism and constraints of all types of synthetic compounds. First, this paper systematically describes the complex and diverse combination types of synthetic compounds as well as their grammaticality and usability, and summarizes the main aspects and problems to be solved in terms of generative constraints of these compounds, which pave the way to propose a new approach from Stylistic-Register Grammar. With Spatio-Temporal Principle and operational rules of Stylistic-Register Grammar, this paper analyzes the specific constraints on the grammaticality and usability of different types of synthetic compounds, and explains the motivations of special types and cases. Therefore, this paper suggests that the so-called exceptions, special examples or counter-examples are essentially the results of multiple interactions, while the differences of typological features of synthetic compounds are the results of interactions between structural characteristics and specific register motivations, which provide a good reference for the establishment of stylistic-register typology. Lastly, this paper points out that the approach focusing on multi-interactive mechanism could inspire us to make new thinking on the methodologies in related research fields.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"667 - 702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48938726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

满汉《清文指要》使役结构句式表达比较研究 A Comparative Study on the Sentence Patterns of Causative Structures in Manchu and Han "Qing Wen Zhi Yao"

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0027

美兰张, 沫李

{"title":"满汉《清文指要》使役结构句式表达比较研究","authors":"美兰张, 沫李","doi":"10.1353/jcl.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jcl.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"摘要:满语使动态是在动词词根与动词时制间接缀附加成分“bu”构成。使役受使者成分有宾格“be”或与位格“de”标记,构成“S使事+ N受使+be/de+V(-bu-)”的使役句式。文章主要讨论了满汉合璧本《清文指要》中汉语对译满语使动态词缀“bu”时的表达情况,调查发现满语该结构中“N 受使”缺省与否、有无标记以及生命度的高低直接导致汉译呈现出显性使役、隐性使役和非使役三种策略,动词 V 的及物性高低,影响到汉译中选择致使还是使让两个不同类型使役句表达。这更显示出满语该句式使动态词缀“bu”的显赫特征。早期汉译本受满文影响大,汉语北京官话改写本在遵循使役句式根本特点的基础上,更倾向于清末北方汉语口语表达。ABSTRACT:Manchu causative sentence is formed by the affix “bu” after the verbal root. The causee has objective case mark “be” or dative case mark “de”, and constitutes causative sentence formed as “S+N+be/de+V(-bu-)”. This research discusses the expression of the affix \"bu\" in the translation of Manchu into Chinese in QingWenZhiYao Manchu and Chinese versions. It is found that in Manchu causative sentence, the absence of causee, marked or not, and animacy hierarchy directly lead to three strategies in Chinese translation: explicit causation, implicit causation and non-causation. The transitivity of verbs affects the choice of causation or permission in Chinese translation. This shows the affix “bu” is a prominent feature in Manchu causative sentence. The early Chinese version was greatly influenced by Manchu. The rewriting of Beijing Mandarin followed the basic characteristics of the causative sentence pattern and was more inclined to the oral expression of northern Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty.","PeriodicalId":44675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"703 - 729"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46840751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

词义感染与删略生义 Infection of word meanings and deletion of new meanings

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2022.0024

福祥吴

引用次数: 0

Opportunities and Challenges: On Foreign Factors and Their Influence in Contemporary Chinese (in Chinese) 机遇与挑战:当代汉语中的外来因素及其影响

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0120

Y. Diao, Yueli Yueli

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引用次数: 0

On Focality of the Imperfective Marker Zai Wu-Li in Xiang Dialect and Its Grammaticalization (in Chinese) 湘话不完全标记词“再无里”的重音性及其语法化

IF 0.3 3区文学

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0117

Yunhua Wang

引用次数: 0