Water Research最新文献

{"title":"Simultaneously disinfection of amoebae, endosymbiotic bacteria, and resistance genes using a novel two-electron water oxidation strategy","authors":"Zheshun Ou, Zihe Wang, Chengyu Duan, Longfei Shu, Zhuofeng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123894","url":null,"abstract":"Amoebae, which serve as important vectors for various pathogenic bacteria, are ubiquitous in natural and artificial water systems. Their robust survival capabilities and protective characteristics render conventional disinfection methods largely ineffective. Moreover, amoeba cells provide an ideal environment for the replication and transfer of antibiotic resistance genes, posing a significant threat to human health and safety. In this study, an in-situ activation system for electrocatalytic water oxidation was developed. This system effectively inactivates amoeba spores and their intracellular symbiotic bacteria while simultaneously reducing the abundance of resistance genes through the generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and carbonate free radicals (•CO₃^-). The results demonstrated a 99.9% inactivation rate for amoeba spores and a 99.999% inactivation rate for intracellular bacteria. In addition, the prevalence of resistant genes in bacteria within amoebae, specifically including <em>sul1</em> (sulfonamide resistance), <em>tetA</em> (tetracycline resistance), <em>blaFOX</em> (cefoxitin resistance), <em>arsB</em> (arsenic resistance), <em>czcA</em> (cadmium resistance), and <em>copA</em> (copper resistance), was significantly reduced by approximately 16%-62.6%. Therefore, this study introduces a new technology capable of simultaneously treating amoeba spores, intracellular bacteria, and resistance genes, which holds significant importance for reducing the spread of resistant genes and enhancing public health safety.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Singlet oxygen treatment of algae-laden water: An elegant way of decontamination without cellular damage","authors":"Ting Li ,&nbsp;Yichuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Menghan Feng ,&nbsp;Ziao Zhang ,&nbsp;Baoan Li ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Algae-laden water with high levels of dissolved organics and cyanotoxins adversely affects water treatment plants and drinking water safety. As an emergency treatment, oxidation-assisted coagulation improves the removal efficiency of algae cells by lowering their motility, but the applied oxidants cause cellular damages that lead to serious release of intracellular organic pollutants. Here, we unveiled that singlet oxygen (¹O₂) provides state-of-the-art pretreatment that destabilizes the algal cells to make them more and readily removed, but does not disrupt the cells and cause the release of intracellular materials. Meanwhile, the extracellular pollutants related to cyanotoxins and taste-and-odor compounds can be effectively eliminated by ¹O₂ from aqueous phase. In contrast to ¹O₂, other oxidant species such as ozone (O₃), hydroxyl radical (•OH), hypochlorite ion (ClO^-), peroxymonosulfate (PMS), or permanganate ion (MnO₄^-) damaged the algae cells and led to serious organic contamination. We gained insights how ¹O₂ induced the nonviability and surface modification of algae cells while keeping them undamaged, which facilitates the algae pollution control by coagulation. Finally, we successfully applied the ¹O₂ treatment to real algae-contaminated water from a nearby reservoir. Our findings support that ¹O₂ technology may serve as the next-generation emergency treatment to deal with algae-laden water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 123892"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscale and molecular evidences for adsorptive fractionation of dissolved organic matter at the interfaces of Al-bearing ferrihydrite and water","authors":"Li Li, Hanyue Zhang, Xiaojuan Li, Shiwen Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123896","url":null,"abstract":"Ferrihydrite (Fh) usually exists in the form of Al-bearing Fh in soils and sediments, and Al substitution may have a remarkable influence on Fh characteristics, controlling its reaction with dissolved organic matter (DOM). Yet, little is known about the impacts of Al-bearing Fh on the fate of DOM. Here, selective binding and molecular fractionation of DOM was investigated at the interfaces of Al-bearing Fh and water. Al substitution altered surface properties such as point of zero charge (PZC), surface OH groups, and specific surface areas (SSA), structure, composition, and adsorption capacity of Fh. Specifically, within 30 mol% Al substitution, Al entered into ferrihydrite structure by isomorphous substitution to form Al-substituted ferrihydrite and immobilized DOM increased with Al substitution owing to increasing surface OH groups, SSA, and pore volumes. Once the amount of added Al exceeds 30 mol%, gibbsite was formed except for Al-substituted Fh, and adsorbed DOM decreased with Al addition. The coordination environment of Al-substituted Fh consisted of Fe-O and edge- and corner-sharing FeO₆ octahedral. Microscopic analysis at nanoscale disclosed that DOM was evenly distributed within Al-bearing Fh aggregates and on gibbsite surface, and DOM immobilized within Al-bearing Fh nanopores had a higher oxidation state. Mass spectrometry analysis at molecular scale revealed that compared with gibbsite, high molecular weight substances and substances containing more oxygenated groups or highly in unsaturation preferentially bound to Al-bearing Fh, and Fh with 30 mol% Al substitution induced most pronounced molecular fractionation. Collectively, these findings shed novel insights into the impact of Al substitution on interfacial adsorptive fractionation of DOM, contributing to in-depth understanding geochemical cycling of C and predicting organic C cycling across aquatic-terrestrial interfaces.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Prevalence Index: Diversity of Polyphosphate-Accumulating Organisms (PAOs) and Insights in Unknown PAOs Revealed by Combined Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) and 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing","authors":"Peisheng He, Yuan Yan, Jangho Lee, IL Han, Guangyu Li, Fabrizio Sabba, Zhen Jia, George F. Wells, April Z. Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123897","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the recognized crucial role of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) process for phosphorus removal and recovery in wastewater treatment, knowledge gaps remain in the diversity and elasticity of their identity, function, and metabolism. Traditional studies have focused on a few canonical PAOs, such as Candidatus <em>Accumulibacter</em> and <em>Tetrasphaera</em>, but the heterogeneity and variation of their phenotypic traits was rarely touched upon, due to a lack of effective tools. In this study, we proposed a novel concept of the phenotypic prevalence index (PPI), derived from the combination of phenotypic traits-targeted fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, to quantify the prevalence of specific phenotypic traits across identified microbial taxa, as case study of uncovering the phenotypic diversity and heterogeneity within PAOs across six EBPR systems. The results revealed distinct and “unexpected” phylogenetic composition and enrichment patterns of candidate FACS-Sorted PAOs across EBPR samples and, particularly, the new PPI assessment of known PAOs elucidated unanticipated high phenotypic heterogeneity in these PAO taxa. Surprisingly, the PPI values of Candidatus <em>Accumulibacter</em> was significantly lower than Tetrasphaera and other candidate PAOs, such as <em>Propionivibrio, Paracoccus, Thiothrix, and Dechloromonas</em>, suggesting a possibly less dominant role of <em>Accumulibacter</em> than previously assumed, while highlighting the ecological importance of other PAOs taxa that calls for further investigation. The newly proposed PPI enabled us to elucidate and quantify the intricate phenotypic heterogeneity within any PAOs taxa of interest beyond the phylogenetic variation alone and can be applied in different ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic oxidation-adsorption of As(III) via Zr/Fe prussian blue analogs composite membranes activated by peroxymonosulfate for sustainable water remediation","authors":"Zhu Xiong ,&nbsp;Kaige Dong ,&nbsp;Zhuoran Yi ,&nbsp;Sakil Mahmud ,&nbsp;Yuhang Cheng ,&nbsp;Manyu Deng ,&nbsp;Gaosheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Jia ,&nbsp;Weiting Wang ,&nbsp;Jiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuexia Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a Zr/Fe-PBAs@PDA/PEI-M composite membrane engineered for efficient arsenite (As(III)) removal via a synergistic adsorption-oxidation mechanism. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was functionalized with polydopamine/polyethyleneimine (PDA/PEI), enabling uniform deposition of zirconium-doped iron Prussian blue analogues (Zr/Fe-PBAs) with a mesoporous structure (3.6 nm pore size) and a face-centered cubic crystalline framework. Advanced characterization confirmed Zr⁴⁺ substitution at Fe sites and the formation of binuclear bidentate Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺-C<img>N/Zr–O coordination complexes. This architecture facilitated dual As(III) remediation pathways: (1) Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ redox cycling activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS), generating •OH, SO₄•⁻, O₂•⁻ and ¹O₂ for insitu oxidation; (2) Zr–O coordination selectively captured arsenic species. The membrane exhibited a high As(III) adsorption capacity (558.96 mg/m²) and 90 % removal efficiency (2.0 mg/L influent) under optimized conditions (30 kPa, pH ∼7.0) with minimal metal leaching (&lt;0.12 mg/L Fe/Zr). It demonstrated strong resistance to cationic interference and retained 65 % efficiency after three cycles despite competitive anionic effects. Field validation using Pearl River water (0.5 mg/L effluent) confirmed 80 % removal, meeting Chinese discharge standards. This work presents a promising lattice-engineered strategy for activating PMS, enabling sustainable remediation of low-concentration As(III).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 123891"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dimensionless approach to minimizing energy consumption in a single-pass reverse osmosis desalination system","authors":"Muhammad H. Elbassoussi, Omar G. Kaoud, Syed M. Zubair","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123885","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a dimensionless approach to optimizing energy efficiency in single-pass multi-membrane reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. Two new dimensionless performance indices—the Recovery Ratio Index (RRI) and the Permeate Salinity Index (PSI)—were introduced to ensure feasible system recovery (0.5 ≤ RRI ≤ 1) and acceptable permeate salinity (PSI ≤ 1). A sensitivity analysis identified the dimensionless membrane parameter (<span><span><math><msubsup is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\" mathvariant=\"normal\">S</mi><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\" mathvariant=\"normal\">a</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msubsup></math></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><msubsup is=\"true\"><mi mathvariant=\"normal\" is=\"true\">S</mi><mrow is=\"true\"><mi mathvariant=\"normal\" is=\"true\">a</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msubsup></math></script></span>​) as the most influential factor affecting specific energy consumption, leading to its optimization under uniform and non-uniform distributions. For non-uniform cases, descending (higher <span><span><math><msubsup is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">S</mi><mi is=\"true\">a</mi><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msubsup></math></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><msubsup is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">S</mi><mi is=\"true\">a</mi><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msubsup></math></script></span>​ in early membranes) and ascending (higher <span><span><math><msubsup is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">S</mi><mi is=\"true\">a</mi><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msubsup></math></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><msubsup is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">S</mi><mi is=\"true\">a</mi><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msubsup></math></script></span>​ in later membranes) profiles were explored. The results showed that descending profiles maximize early-stage water recovery and improve efficiency for low-salinity feeds (≤ 10000 ppm), while ascending profiles mitigate osmotic pressure buildup and enhance performance in high-salinity feeds (≥ 40000 ppm). System size also influences the optimal strategy, with descending profiles being more effective in small systems and ascending or balanced distributions preferred in larger, multi-membrane setups. These findings provide practical design guidelines for tailoring single-pass RO configurations to feed salinity and system size.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient organic removal from hypersaline reverse osmosis concentrates through a hybrid microbubble ozonation-coagulation process: A two-stage removal procedure caused by two-sided effect of salinity","authors":"Mengwen Liu,&nbsp;Yuhan Yang,&nbsp;Yiqiao Shi,&nbsp;Caitong Shi,&nbsp;Shiyi Hu,&nbsp;Yadong Wang,&nbsp;Lu Xu,&nbsp;Xue Bai,&nbsp;Xuan Shi,&nbsp;Xin Jin,&nbsp;Pengkang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Removal of organic matter in hypersaline reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) poses significant challenges. In this study, the hybrid microbubble ozonation-coagulation (HOC) process was established for actual hypersaline ROC treatment from energy chemical industry. In this HOC process, the hypersaline environment facilitated the formation of microbubbles, which enhanced ozone mass transfer and ensured an adequate dissolved ozone concentration. Efficient organic removal was achieved through a two-stage procedure: a rapid-removal stage dominated by coagulation (≤ 30 min) and a slow-removal stage dominated by ozone oxidation (&gt; 30 min). Moreover, salinity exhibited two-sided effect on oxidation and coagulation in the HOC process. In the first stage of the treatment process, the alkaline conditions in hypersaline environment promoted oxidation and coagulation through increased •OH production and polymerized Al species generation. However, as the pH decreased owing to coagulant hydrolysis, excessive anions in hypersaline environment inhibited both oxidation and coagulation processes by quenching •OH and promoting large floc generation in the second stage. Furthermore, the two-stage organic removal mechanism was elucidated from the perspectives of oxidative transformation and floc entrapment. In the first stage, high-coagulability organics were directly removed through enhanced coagulation. Meanwhile, low-coagulability organics were oxidized into high-coagulability structures, which were removed via coagulation. In the second stage, organic matter was mainly removed through molecular ozone oxidation, while the coagulation process was inhibited. This study unveiled the two-sided effect of hypersaline environment on oxidation and coagulation, and provided new approaches for enhanced organic removal in the ozone-based process for hypersaline wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 123880"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Electro-Enrichment Recovery of Valuable Metals from Typical Bulk Tailings","authors":"Jirong Lan, Yan Sun, Huayi Yin, Haobo Hou, Jian-Guo Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123895","url":null,"abstract":"Valuable metal elements (VMEs) are critical components underpinning modern society, yet their extraction generates VME-rich slag and tailings at volumes dozens of times greater than the recovered products. Conventional stockpiling and cement-based landfill strategies pose dual risks: persistent leaching of VMEs into aquatic systems and substantial CO₂ emissions, aggravating global mineral-water resource conflicts. To address this, we developed an electrodynamics-assisted alkali chemistry (EAC) process that synchronizes tailings stabilization with VME recovery. The EAC method leverages electrokinetic migration to enrich VMEs at the cathode during alkali-activated slurry hardening, enabling efficient temporary retention for subsequent metallurgical extraction, while the anode region undergoes rapid consolidation for mine shaft rehabilitation. Validated through lab experiments and scaled field trials, EAC demonstrated a compressive strength enhancement of two orders of magnitude in treated tailings compared to conventional approaches, alongside a 70% increase in VME recovery efficiency and an 80% reduction in CO₂ emissions. This study establishes EAC as a transformative, green, and low-carbon technology that concurrently addresses mine restoration, resource circularity, and emission mitigation. By redefining tailings management from waste disposal to value recovery, EAC provides a paradigm shift toward sustainable mining practices, offering critical insights for resolving global resource sustainability challenges.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated household-based water disinfection system for rural communities: Field trials and community appropriation","authors":"M. Hincapie, A. Galdos-Balzategui, B.L.S. Freitas, F. Reygadas, L.P. Sabogal-Paz, N. Pichel, L. Botero, L.J. Montoya, L. Galeano, G. Carvajal, H. Lubarsky, K.Y. Ng, R. Price, S. Gaihre, J.A. Byrne, P. Fernandez-Ibanez","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123888","url":null,"abstract":"This research involved a pilot field trial of household-based water treatment and storage for potable water in rural communities of Colombia and Mexico. Through co-creation with the communities, key parameters were considered when designing the systems, including the efficiency of disinfection, the provision of a sufficient volume of treated water, variability of the raw water quality and access to freshwater sources. The water treatment systems were automated with electronic controllers. They consisted of a sedimentation tank (bottom), a treatment unit (pre-filtration followed by UVC disinfection), a pump to move the treated water to a second elevated tank for storing the treated water (150 L or 250 L), and a small distribution network that provided water inside the home by gravity (kitchen and bathroom taps). They were installed at households in rural communities of Colombia (52 systems) and Mexico (187 systems) and the performance was evaluated over 12 consecutive months. Efficiency was evaluated using standard microbial and physicochemical water quality parameters. Treated water turbidity was below the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation (&lt; 5 NTU) in &gt;97% of the samples in Colombia and 98.9% in Mexico. The treatment reduced <em>E. coli</em> to potable levels in all cases, regardless of the initial microbiological load and the variation of the raw water quality. In some cases, an increase in <em>E. coli</em> values was detected in the distribution network within the households (post-storage), although not statistically significant, they represented a ‘moderate risk’. The health risk associated with the water was reduced to ‘low risk’ in more than 80% of the treated water samples vs. &lt;10% before treatment. After 12 months of operation, the household water treatment and storage systems (HWTSs) remained effective for the provision of potable water.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superlinear control of phosphorus recycling in coastal sediments by organic matter availability","authors":"Jing Sun, Xiaotian Zhou, Yuxuan Lin, Xingyu Yang, Liuqian Yu, Charmaine C.M. Yung, Qiong Zhang, Jiying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123889","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) recycling from sediments regulates water column P availability. However, the balance between P regeneration and immobilization in coastal sediments under diverse environmental regimes remains poorly quantified, posing challenges for modeling biogeochemical processes and the estimation of regional and global geochemical budgets. We investigated sediment P cycling across the Pearl River Estuary region (9–63 m water depth), observing substantial variability in sediment phosphate effluxes (4.9–1190 <span><span style=\"\"></span><span style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;\" tabindex=\"0\"><svg focusable=\"false\" height=\"1.855ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.697ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -498.8 603.5 798.9\" width=\"1.402ex\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"><g is=\"true\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMATHI-3BC\"></use></g></g></svg></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><mi is=\"true\">μ</mi></math></script></span>mol m⁻² d⁻¹). Sediment P recycling efficiency (P recycled: P sedimentation) varies strongly (24–96%), contrasting with the expected consistency under proportional phosphate release from organic matter remineralization. Unlike the classic model of oxygen controlling P recycling, in the organic-rich sediments where oxygen penetration is consistently shallow, nitrate availability becomes the dominant control. High nitrate concentrations upstream preserve P-binding iron oxides in the sediments, inhibiting phosphate release. At the estuary mouth and offshore areas with low nitrate, sediment phosphate efflux increases with sediment oxygen uptake, an indicator of organic matter remineralization rate. However, the effect is disproportional, following a superlinear (power-law) relationship. This is because high organic matter remineralization not only regenerates more phosphate but also reduces more P-binding iron oxides through iron and sulfate reduction, doubling the promotion of P efflux. This superlinear control of sediment P recycling by organic matter should be considered in estimating sediment-water exchanges in similar coastal systems that are both iron and organic-matter rich.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}