Water Research最新文献

{"title":"Physicochemical and isotopic similarity between well water and intruding surface water is not synonymous with similarity in prokaryotic diversity and community composition","authors":"Kevin J. Lyons, Vadim Yapiyev, Kaisa Lehosmaa, Anna-Kaisa Ronkanen, Pekka M. Rossi, Katharina Kujala","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122812","url":null,"abstract":"Intruding surface water can impact the physicochemical and microbiological quality of groundwater. Understanding these impacts is important because groundwater provides much of the world's potable water, and reduced quality is a potential public health risk. In this study, we monitored six shallow groundwater wells and three surface water bodies in the North Ostrobothnia region of Finland twice monthly for 12 months (October 2021–October 2022) via (i) on-site and off-site measurements of physicochemical water quality parameters, (ii) determination of stable water isotope compositions, and (iii) analysis of microbial communities (via amplicon sequencing of the V3–V4 16S rRNA gene sub-regions). Water from one well showed clear overall physicochemical and isotopic similarity with a nearby pond, as well as temporal fluctuations in water temperature and isotopes that mirrored those of the pond. Isotope mixing analyses suggested that about 80–95% of the well water comes from the pond. Such large-scale intrusion might be expected to reduce prokaryotic diversity and composition in the aquifer, either by strong influx of surface water taxa or changes to aquifer physicochemistry. Compared to the pond, however, prokaryotic communities from the well showed significantly higher alpha diversity and a composition more similar to a nearby well unaffected by intrusion. The finding that physicochemical and isotopic similarity between well water and intruding surface water is not synonymous with similarity in prokaryotic diversity and community composition makes clear the need for a multi-method approach when studying the impact of surface water intrusion on shallow wells.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Dynamics of Groundwater Discharge: Unveiling the Complex Control Over Reservoir Greenhouse Gas Emissions","authors":"Chang Qian, Qianqian Wang, Benjamin S. Gilfedder, Sven Frei, Jieyu Yu, Giri R. Kattel, Zhi-Guo Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122801","url":null,"abstract":"The pronounced topographical differences, giving rise to numerous water bodies, also endow these formations with substantial hydraulic gradients, leading to pronounced groundwater discharge within their low-lying, natural reservoir settings. However, the dynamics of groundwater discharge in reservoirs and their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) production and emission under different conditions remain unclear. This study focuses on a reservoir in southeastern China, where we conducted seasonal field observations alongside microcosm incubation experiments to elucidate the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater discharge. Based on the radon (²²²Rn) mass balance model, groundwater discharge rates were estimated to be 2.14 ± 0.49 cm d⁻¹ in autumn, 4.04 ± 2.09 cm d⁻¹ in winter, 2.55 ± 1.32 cm d⁻¹ in spring, and 2.61 ± 1.93 cm d⁻¹ in summer. Groundwater discharge contributes on average to 31.23% of CH₄, 35.65% of CO₂, and 11.26% of N₂O emissions across all seasons in the reservoir. Groundwater primarily influences GHG emissions by directly inputting carbon and nitrogen, as well as by altering aquatic chemical conditions and the environment of dissolved organic matter (DOM), exerting significant effects particularly during spring and autumn seasons. Especially, in winter, higher groundwater discharge rates influence microbial activity and environmental conditions in the water body, including the C/N ratio, which somewhat reduces its enhancement of greenhouse gas emissions. This study provides an in-depth exploration of greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs and examines the impact of groundwater on these emissions, aiming to reduce uncertainties in understanding greenhouse gas emission mechanisms and carbon and nitrogen cycling.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Winter Dormancy to Spring Bloom: Regulatory Mechanisms in Microcystis aeruginosa Post-Overwintering Recovery","authors":"Chenjun Fu, Xinyi Wang, Jing Yu, Hu Cui, Shengnan Hou, Hui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122807","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanobacterial blooms pose a significant environmental threat in freshwater ecosystems. These cyanobacteria exhibit resilience to cold and dark conditions during winter and flourish as temperature rise in warmer seasons. However, there is a limited understanding of the dynamic growth recovery process and regulatory signaling mechanisms in cyanobacteria after overwintering. In this study, we employed <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> (<em>M. aeruginosa</em>) as a model to simulate its growth recovery when subjected to increasing temperature after overwintering under low temperature (4 °C) and dark conditions. We investigated changes in cell growth, microcystin levels, and signaling pathways throughout this recovery phase. Our results indicated that compared to the non-overwintering treatment (T1), the overwintered treatment (T2) experienced a 55.6% decrease in algae density and a significant reduction in microcystin-LR (MC-LR) levels within the 15-20 °C temperature range (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Overwintering suppressed photosynthetic efficiency during the recovery phase of <em>M. aeruginosa</em>, activated the antioxidant system, and impaired cellular ultrastructure, making algal cells more vulnerable to death. At the transcriptional level, overwintering down-regulated pathways such as photosynthesis, ribosome, the Calvin cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, hindering the growth and metabolic capacity of <em>M. aeruginosa</em>. In conclusion, this study highlights the inhibitory impacts of overwintering on growth and metabolism of cyanobacteria during the recovery process. It provides insights into the mechanistic foundations of seasonal cyanobacterial blooms and the crucial role of signaling regulation in these processes.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global inland water greenhouse gas (GHG) geographical patterns and escape mechanisms under different water level","authors":"Yang Gao, Jiajia Li, Shuoyue Wang, Junjie Jia, Fan Wu, Guirui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122808","url":null,"abstract":"Inland water ecosystems are unique, whereby water level changes can lead to variance in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The GHG circulation intensity of inland waterbodies is high, so different water depths affect the temperature sensitivity of greenhouse gases, and have different cooling effects on CO₂ storage and warming effects on CH₄ emissions, being a typical GHG conversion channel. This study systematically reveals geographical GHG emission patterns from inland waterbodies and GHG impact mechanisms from regional waterbodies. Special emphasis is also paid to compounded environmental impact changes on GHG emissions under water level regulations. Additionally, we explore how increases in primary productivity can convert aquatic ecosystems from CO₂ sources to CO₂ sinks. However, GHG formation and emissions under ecological reservoir water level fluctuations in flood-ebb zones, intertidal tidal zones, wetlands, and lacustrine systems remain uncertain compared with those under natural hydrological conditions. Therefore, mechanisms that control GHG exchange and production processes under water level changes must first be determined, especially regarding post flood hydrological-based drying effects on GHG flux at the water-air interface. Finally, we recommend instituting environmental management and water-level control measures to reduce GHG emissions, which are favorable for minimizing GHG flux while protecting ecosystem functions and biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the function of Fe3O4 in alleviating propionate inhibition during high-solids anaerobic digestion: insights of physiological response and energy conservation","authors":"Yu Su, Leiyu Feng, Xu Duan, Haojin Peng, Yinlan Zhao, Yinguang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122811","url":null,"abstract":"Fe₃O₄ is a recognized addictive to enhance low solid anaerobic digestion (AD), while for high solid AD challenged by acidity inhibition, its feasibility and mechanism remain unclear. In this study, the positive effect of Fe₃O₄ on high solid AD of food waste by regulating microbial physiology and energy conservation to enhance mutualistic propionate methanation was documented. The methane yield was increased by 36.7% with Fe₃O₄, which because Fe₃O₄ alleviated propionate stress on methane generation, along with improved propionate degradation and methanogenic metabolism. Fe₃O₄ facilitated the production of extracellular polymeric substances and the formation of tightly bio-aggregates, fostering an enriched microbial population (e.g., <em>Smithella</em> and <em>Methanosaeta</em>) to resist propionate stress. Also, Fe₃O₄ up-regulated the genes in stress defense system, cytomembrane biosynthesis/function, metal irons transporter, cell division and enzyme synthesis, verifying its superiority on cellular physiology. In addition, energy-conservation strategies related to intracellular and extracellular electron transfer were enhanced by Fe₃O₄. Specifically, the enzyme expressions involved in reversed electron transfer and electron bifurcation coupled with direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) were upregulated by at least 2.2 times with Fe₃O₄, providing sufficient energy to drive thermodynamic adverse methanogenesis from propionate-stressed condition. Consequently, the reinforced enzyme expression in the dismutation and DIET pathway make it to be the predominant drivers for enhanced methanogenic propionate metabolism. This study fills the knowledge gaps of Fe₃O₄-induced microbial physiological and energetic strategies to resist environmental stress, and has remarkable practical implicated for restoring inhibited bioactivities.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photochemistry of microplastics-derived dissolved organic matter: Reactive species generation and organic pollutant degradation","authors":"Jie Zhang, Xianfeng Hou, Kena Zhang, Quanzhi Xiao, Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey, Xiaoxia Zhou, Bing Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122802","url":null,"abstract":"Dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from microplastics (MPs-DOM) is increasingly recognized as a substantial component of aquatic DOM. The photochemistry of MPs-DOM, essential for understanding its environmental fate and impacts, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the photochemical behaviors of MPs-DOM derived from two common plastics: polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which represent aromatic and aliphatic plastics, respectively. Spectral and high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that photoreactions preferentially targeted poly-aromatic compounds within the MPs-DOM, leading to degradation products that predominantly form N-aliphatic/lipid-like substances. This transformation is characterized by decreased aromaticity and unsaturation. Additionally, irradiation of MPs-DOM generated reactive species (RS), including triplet intermediates (³DOM*) and singlet oxygen (¹O₂), with apparent quantum yields of 0.06–0.16% and 0.16–0.35%, respectively—values considerably lower than those for conventional DOM (1.19–1.56% for ³DOM* and 1.34–1.90% for ¹O₂). Despite this, the RS generated from MPs-DOM significantly enhance the degradation of coexisting organic pollutants, such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The findings shed light on the photoinduced transformation of MPs-DOM and suggest that MPs-DOM functions as a natural photocatalyst, mediating redox reactions of pollutants in sunlit aquatic settings. This highlights its previously underestimated role in natural attenuation and aquatic photochemistry.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “GenX is not always a better fluorinated organic compound than PFOA: A critical review on aqueous phase treatability by adsorption and its associated cost” [Water Research 205 (2021) 117683]","authors":"Hamed Heidari ,&nbsp;Tauqeer Abbas ,&nbsp;Yong Sik Ok ,&nbsp;Daniel C.W. Tsang ,&nbsp;Amit Bhatnagar ,&nbsp;Eakalak Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122786","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 122786"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, migration, and assessment of human health and ecological risks of PFASs and EDCs in groundwater of Northeast China","authors":"Jiaxun Jiang, Dongmei Han, Yi Xiao, Xianfang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122810","url":null,"abstract":"Northeast China as an important base of grain production in China, has been suffering from potential groundwater pollution due to the excessive and prolonged application of fertilizers and pesticides. However, exploration of emerging contaminants pollution in groundwater and assessment of human health and ecological risks caused by large-scale agricultural activities have been relatively scarce. This study collected groundwater samples from typical agricultural areas in Northeast China to investigate the extent of contamination by nitrate, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), and then compared the levels of these pollutants with those in other regions of China. Groundwater nitrate pollution caused by strong agricultural activity is widespread in Northeast China, with nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N) concentrations exceeding 10 mg/L in as many as 40.3% of 429 samples. 8 types of PFASs (3.7-7.1 ng/L) and 11 types of EDCs (18114.0-62029.8 ng/L) were detected in the collected groundwater samples. Using the Risk Quotient (RQ) method, this study assessed ecological risk and found that the risk level of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was higher than that of other PFASs. The groundwater EDCs risks in Northeast China was higher compared to other regions in China, with dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), Bisphenol A (BPA) having high ecological risk levels. Nitrate, PFASs and EDCs have been detected in deep groundwater (70-100 m depth), indicating that the deeper aquifers could be significantly threatened by pollutants due to human activities. Fertilizers, pesticides, domestic wastewater, and industrial discharges are major sources of groundwater pollutants in the agricultural regions. Industrial-sourced EDCs were widely detected in groundwater of agricultural area, suggesting that the transport of these pollutants is very active in groundwater system. Groundwater monitoring and pollution prevention are extremely urgent, especially for emerging contaminants. This study can provide important warnings and water resource management references for other agricultural areas affected by intensively agricultural activities in the world.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of filter backwashing on iron, manganese, and ammonium removal in dual-media rapid sand filters used for drinking water production","authors":"Alje S. Boersma, Signe Haukelidsaeter, Liam Kirwan, Alessia Corbetta, Luuk Vos, Wytze K. Lenstra, Frank Schoonenberg, Karl Borger, Paul W.J.J. van der Wielen, Maartje A.H.J. van Kessel, Caroline P. Slomp, Sebastian Lücker","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122809","url":null,"abstract":"Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and ammonium (NH₄⁺) removal from groundwater using rapid sand filtration is a widely employed method in drinking water production. Over time, Fe and Mn oxides accumulate in the filter, which necessitates frequent backwashing to avoid clogging. In this study, we investigated the impact of backwashing on the microbial community and filter chemistry in a dual-media filter comprising anthracite and sand layers. Specifically, we focused on the removal of Fe, Mn, and NH₄⁺ over the runtime of the filter. With increasing runtime, depth profiles of dissolved and particulate Fe revealed the buildup of Fe oxide flocs, causing Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺ oxidation and nitrification to occur at greater depths within the filter. Towards the end of the filter runtime, breakthrough of suspended Fe oxides was observed, likely due to preferential flow. Backwashing effectively removed metal oxide flocs and restored the Fe removal efficiency in the top layer of the filter. While the two layers remained separate, the anthracite and sand layers themselves fully mixed during backwashing, leading to a homogenous distribution of the microbial community within each layer. <em>Methyloglobulus</em> and <em>Gallionella</em> were the predominant organisms in the anthracite layer, likely catalyzing methane and Fe²⁺ oxidation, respectively. The nitrifying community of the anthracite consisted of <em>Nitrosomonas, Candidatus</em> Nitrotoga, and <em>Nitrospira</em>. In contrast, the nitrifying community in the sand layer was dominated by <em>Nitrospira</em>. Backwashing minimally affected the microbial community composition of the filter medium except for <em>Gallionella</em>, which were preferentially washed out. In conclusion, our research offers a molecular and geochemical basis for understanding how backwashing influences the performance of rapid sand filters.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective oxidation of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds by heat/peroxymonosulfate in phenol-rich wastewater","authors":"Liangjie Wang, Zhengyi Sun, Jinrui Shi, Han Li, Tao Fu, Yi Xu, Ke Xiao, Huazhang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122804","url":null,"abstract":"In phenol-rich wastewater, such as coking wastewater, due to the high reactivity of phenol to various reactive oxygen species, it is difficult to selectively oxidize pollutants having lower biodegradability and higher toxicity than phenol. As one kind of such pollutants in coking wastewater, some nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds (NHCs) are more difficult to be removed by SO₄^•- or HO• than phenol, but this study found that NHCs (quinoline, isoquinoline, and pyridine) can be selectively removed by peroxymonosulfate (PMS) direct oxidation in the presence of 10 mM phenol under thermal condition. The selective oxidation of NHCs needs a suitable pH range (4 &lt; constant pH &lt; 9) because protonated state of NHCs (pH &lt; 4) is unfavorable to their oxidation and high pH would improve the extra PMS consumption by phenol. Under the conditions benefiting the removal of NHCs in heat/PMS system, there was no generation of SO₄^•- and HO•. Being treated by 60 °C/PMS for 60 min, the biodegradability (BOD₅/COD) of real coking wastewater (RCW) was improved from 0.21 to 0.44 with low removal rate of phenols (about 10%). Quinoline and indole, as the two typical NHCs in the studied RCW, their removal rates can be up to 45% and 85%, respectively. Thus, heat/PMS pretreatment is a potential good way to selectively remove high toxic pollutants in phenol-rich wastewater.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}