Water Research最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the reaction chemistry of sulfoxides during water chlorination.","authors":"Jiwoon Ra, Julie Tolu, Daniel Rentsch, Tarek Manasfi, Urs von Gunten","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species-specific second-order rate constants for the reactions of eight model sulfoxides with hypochlorous acid (k_HOCl) were determined to be in the range of 2.7 M^-1 s^-1 to 5.8 × 10³M^-1 s^-1. A quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) with Taft σ* constants was developed based on eight measured k_HOCl-values, showing a good linear correlation (R² = 0.89) with a negative slope ρ = -1.5 typical for electrophilic reactions. The reaction is mainly controlled by HOCl, with a minor contribution of OCl^-. The contributions of other reactive chlorine species (e.g., Cl₂ and Cl₂O) to the overall kinetics are only 7 % for Cl₂O and 5 % for Cl₂ under typical drinking water treatment conditions. A combination of several analytical methods (HPLC-MS/MS, HPLC-ICP-MS/MS, and NMR) was applied for the identification of transformation products. Major transformation products from the reactions of chlorine with sulfoxides are sulfones, Cl-substituted sulfoxides, aldehydes, and sulfonic acids potentially formed via a transient chlorosulfonium cation. In general, sulfoxides react more readily with chlorine compared to bromine. This might be caused by a partial positive charge on the sulfur which leads to a stronger interaction with Cl in HOCl having a smaller partial positive charge than Br in HOBr. The ratios of the species-specific second-order rate constants for the reactions of the selected sulfoxides with chlorine or bromine (k_HOCl/k_HOBr) range from 6 to 480. For sulfoxide compounds with strong electron-withdrawing substituents the reaction occurs most likely via a carbanion intermediate for which the reaction with HOBr is preferred, resulting in a k_HOCl/k_HOBr = 0.8.</p>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"270 ","pages":"122806"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The estimation of infiltration and inflow in a sewage network by combining continuous monitoring of hydrological parameters, flow and temperature with stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen” [Water Research 255 (2024) 121505]","authors":"Axumawit Tequam Tesfamariam, Elisangela Heiderscheidt, Markus Sunela, Arttu Pitkänen, Lauri Rantala, Pekka M. Rossi","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123134","url":null,"abstract":"The authors regret &lt; In March, the mean δ¹⁸O isotopic signal of groundwater was -13.16 ‰, while in May it was -13.10 ‰. The drinking water, on the other hand, had more <strong><em>depleted</em></strong> signals of -11.53 ‰ in March and -12.26 ‰ in May. &gt;.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Significant Regrowth and Potential Risk of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Hospital Water Supply System","authors":"Yalan Gan, Futoshi Kurisu, Dai Simazaki, Mitsunori Yoshida, Hanako Fukano, Takeshi Komine, Hiromi Nagashima, Yoshihiko Hoshino, Ikuro Kasuga","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123188","url":null,"abstract":"The health burden of waterborne nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is a rising concern. While the water supply systems can serve as a potential reservoir for NTM, their abundance, diversity, and transmission pathways remain unknown. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence and regrowth of NTM in building water supply system in a hospital where many <em>M. abscessus</em> were isolated from patients. The depletion of residual chlorine after stagnation and supply of warm water at the point of use promoted significant microbial regrowth, including NTM, in the hospital. The absolute abundance of <em>Mycobacterium</em> spp. 16S rRNA genes in tap water and shower water samples increased to approximately 10⁴ copies/mL, while it was below the quantification limit in the finished water from a drinking water treatment plant. Amplicon sequencing of NTM-specific <em>hsp</em>65 genes revealed that <em>M. abscessus</em> was prevalent in all samples, while the dominant NTM species varied depending on locations even in the same building. The presence of <em>M. abscessus</em> in water suggested the possibility of waterborne transmission in the hospital. <em>M. abscessus</em> was frequently isolated from tap water, shower water, and shower biofilms. These isolates demonstrated high clonality and were closely affiliated with the ABS-GL4 cluster of <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>abscessus</em>. Even though the automatic mixing equipment at the point of use was replaced with new one, the settlement and growth of NTM were reproducibly observed, suggesting mixing equipment as a hotspot for NTM proliferation. Additional interventions including water quality control are required as the hospital water supply system is a hot spot for NTM regrowth.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic and enzymatic mechanisms underpinning efficient water treatment of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) by the microbial consortium 8-ZY","authors":"Yuanyuan Yu, Wantang Huang, Shaoyu Tang, Ying Xiang, Lizhu Yuan, Xifen Zhu, Hua Yin, Zhi Dang, Junfeng Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123178","url":null,"abstract":"The ubiquitous presence, potential toxicity, and persistence of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) in the environment have raised significant concerns. In this study, we successfully isolate a novel microbial consortium, named 8-ZY, and we demonstrate its remarkable ability to degrade EHDPP using an extremely low concentration of the inoculate. A total of 11 degradation metabolites were identified, including hydrolysis, hydroxylated, methylated, glucuronide-conjugated, and previously unreported byproducts, enabling us to propose new transformation pathways. Further, we unveiled the active members of the microbial consortium 8-ZY during the degradation of EHDPP. We observed the presence of diverse active populations, which included <em>Bradyrhizobium, Rhodopseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Hyphomicrobium, Chitinophaga, Aminobacter</em>, and <em>Ralstonia</em>. A metagenomic analysis revealed the presence of genes that encode phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, cytochrome P450, and hydroxylase enzymes, thus indicating their crucial role in EHDPP degradation. Furthermore, we successfully isolated <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> ZY1, <em>Sphingopyxis terrae</em> ZY2, and <em>Amycolatopsis</em> ZY3 from the 8-ZY consortium, confirming their significance in EHDPP degradation and metabolite formation. These findings underscored the diversity of strains and functional genes responsible for the transformation of EHDPP within the consortium 8-ZY, highlighting the essential role of synergistic interactions during EHDPP biodegradation processes. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation suggested that alkaline phosphatase, cytochrome P450, and hydroxylase stably bonded to EHDPP within their respective active pockets, targeting distinct sites on the EHDPP molecule. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the transformation mechanisms of OPEs and contribute valuable insights into their fate in the environment.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"145 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Composition of active bacterial communities and presence of opportunistic pathogens in disinfected and non-disinfected drinking water distribution systems in Finland” [Water Research, Volume 248 (2024) 120858]","authors":"Sallamaari Siponen, Balamuralikrishna Jayaprakash, Anna-Maria Hokajärvi, Vicente Gomez-Alvarez, Jenni Inkinen, Ivan Ryzhikov, Pia Räsänen, Jenni Ikonen, Anna Pursiainen, Ari Kauppinen, Mikko Kolehmainen, Jussi Paananen, Eila Torvinen, Ilkka T. Miettinen, Tarja Pitkänen","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.123042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.123042","url":null,"abstract":"The authors regret incorrect gene copy numbers of opportunistic pathogens in chapter 3.2 and an incorrect sample volume in chapter 3.3. The conclusions and figures in the article are correct. Also, authors noticed errors in the significance of <em>Pseudomonas</em> gene copy number results. The corrected text is below. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Gold Extraction from E-waste Leachate via Sulfur-Redox Mechanisms Using Sulfhydryl-Functionalized MOFs","authors":"Jialong Qin, Hengzhi Liu, Zhuoya Fang, Junjun Pei, Kai Yin, Kaixing Fu, Jinming Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123170","url":null,"abstract":"Urban mining of precious metals from electronic waste (e-waste) offers a dual advantage by addressing solid waste management challenges and supplying high-value metals for diverse applications. However, traditional extraction methods generally suffer from poor selectivity and limited capacity in complex acidic leachate. Herein, we present a sulfhydryl-functionalized zirconium-based metal-organic framework (Zr-MSA-AA) as a recyclable and highly selective adsorbent for efficient gold recovery. Specifically, the Zr-MSA-AA exhibits high recovery capacity (1021 mg g^-1), remarkable pH-universal, and superb selectivity (K_d of 2.2 × 10⁷ mL g^-1) for gold ions across wide pH range and competitive conditions. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations highlight the pivotal role of sulfhydryl groups in selectively capturing gold ions. The redox-transformation of sulfhydryl and sulfonic acid groups mediated the reduction of Au(III) to Au(0) through the nucleation of chlorine-stabilized gold clusters. This unique mechanism, driven by the redox activity of designed sulfhydryl sites, not only mitigates interference from competing cations but also facilitates rapid adsorption kinetics (k_f of 1.17 × 10^-7 m s^-1) for gold ions, surpassing the performance of previous adsorbents. Consequently, Zr-MSA-AA demonstrates exceptional practical applicability, achieving high-purity gold recovery (23.8 Karat) from real e-waste leachate through straightforward physical separation methods. This study introduces an alternative practical strategy for utilizing sulfur's redox activity in adsorbent design, advancing the sustainable recycling of non-renewable metal resources while contributing to environmental conservation.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemistry for Water Treatment under Nanoconfinement","authors":"Wanyi Fu, Ziyao Liu, Dan Li, Bingcai Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123173","url":null,"abstract":"The global freshwater crisis, exacerbated by escalating pollution, poses a significant threat to human health. Addressing this challenge required innovative strategies to develop highly efficient and process-adaptable materials for water decontamination. In this regard, nanomaterials with confinement structures have emerged as a promising solution, outperforming traditional nanomaterials in terms of efficiency, selectivity, stability, and process adaptability, thereby serving as an ideal platform for designing novel functional materials for sustainable water treatment. This Review focuses on recent advancements and employment of nanoconfinement effects in various water treatment processes, emphasizing the fundamental chemistry underlying nanoconfinement effects. Also, the existing knowledge gaps related to nanoconfinement effects and future prospects for expanding their applications in diverse water treatment scenarios are discussed.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vacuum UV-based processes for water and wastewater purification: From unitary to multicomponent systems","authors":"Chuang Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Jinying Du, Renjian Deng, Bozhi Ren, Saijun Zhou, Baolin Hou, Yaoyao huang, Zhiwei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123175","url":null,"abstract":"Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) is profitable to strengthen the efficiencies of UV and reduce chemicals use, attracting more attention to water and wastewater purification. Herein, VUV-based water treatment processes from unitary VUV to multicomponent systems were reviewed for the first time to promote VUV applications. The rate of pollutant removal by unitary VUV was 1.3-57 times that of UV, in which hydroxyl radical oxidation was dominant. And the reducibility of hydrated electron and hydrogen atom radical in unitary VUV dehalogenated organics and reduced metal ions. Besides, VUV-based binary systems mainly included processes of VUV/H₂O₂, VUV/persulfate, VUV/ozone, VUV/chlorine, VUV/sulfite, VUV/iron ion, and VUV-based heterogeneous oxidation. VUV-based ternary systems basically contained three types: VUV-based Fenton-like, VUV coupling dual oxidants, and VUV combined with other technologies activating oxidants. Performance, characteristics, reactive species, and mechanisms of VUV-based binary and ternary systems were summarized. Moreover, the characterization, contribution, and role of reactive species in VUV-based processes were analyzed, and the combination of multiple methods was conducive to accurately identifying the mechanism of reactive species. Furthermore, the combination of VUV and other technologies expanded the application potential of VUV. Compared to UV-based processes, VUV-based processes significantly reduced energy consumption and were more promising in removing contaminants in actual waters. Finally, hot spots and directions (develop new techniques, reduce by-products, combine simulation and experiment, broaden removal objects, enhance pilot studies) of VUV-based water treatment technologies in future were prospected. Overall, VUV-based advanced oxidation processes are expected to be used in water treatment to improve process efficiency.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing the electron transfer behavior driven by hydrophyte-derived carbon materials empowered autotrophic denitrification in iron-based constructed wetlands: Efficacy and enhancement mechanism","authors":"Yuanyuan Fan, Shanshan Sun, Xushun Gu, Pan Yan, Yu Zhang, Yuanjun Peng, Shengbing He","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123169","url":null,"abstract":"Iron-based constructed wetlands (ICWs) displayed great potential in deep nitrogen elimination for low-polluted wastewater. However, the unsatisfactory denitrification performance caused by the limited solubility and sluggish activity of iron substrates needs to be improved in an eco-effective manner. To fill this gap, the bioavailability of iron substrates (iron scraps) affected by wetland biomass-derived carbon materials with potential conductivity were explored. Results indicated that the cumulative removal of TN in biochar-added ICW (BC-ICW) and activated carbon-added ICW (AC-ICW) increased by 29.04% and 22.96%, respectively. The carbon matrix of AC played the geo-conductor role to facilitate the rapid release of iron ions, as indicated by the higher TN removal efficiency of AC-ICW (45.36 ± 1.45%) at the early stage, while the reduced conductivity of AC negatively impacted the nitrogen removal. BC-ICW exhibited intensified denitrification potential, with higher TN removal capacity (52.08 ± 3.04%) and effluent Fe²⁺ concentration. Electroactive bacteria (EB) (<em>Geobacter, Desulfovibrio, Shewanella</em>, etc.) associated with extracellular electron transfer were enriched in BC-ICW, as well as the expanded niches breadth and improved microbial community diversity. The electron-shuttling effect of BC was mainly attributed to its oxygenated functional groups (quinone/phenolic moieties), which supported the electron transfer from EB to extracellular iron oxides, as evidenced by the increased Fe(III)(hydro)oxides bioavailability. Besides, biochar concurrently up-regulated the gene expression of electron transport chains/mediators and denitrification reductases, suggesting that BC boosted the active iron cycle and iron-mediated autotrophic denitrification in ICWs by accelerating intracellular and extracellular electron transfer. This work explored the electron transfer behavior of biomass-derived carbon materials coupled with ICWs to enhance denitrification, providing insights into the sustainable application of biomass derived carbon-assisted ICWs in tertiary treatment.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-modal learning-based algae phyla identification using image and particle modalities","authors":"Do Hyuck Kwon, Min Jun Lee, Heewon Jeong, Sanghun Park, Kyung Hwa Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123172","url":null,"abstract":"Algal blooms in freshwater, which are exacerbated by urbanization and climate change, pose significant challenges in the water treatment process. These blooms affect water quality and treatment efficiency. Effective identification of algal proliferation based on the dominant species is important to ensure safe drinking water and a clean water supply. Traditional algae identification techniques, such as microscopy and molecular techniques, are time-consuming and depend on the expertise of the practitioner. This study introduced an artificial intelligence (AI)-based multi-modal approach, which is a recent advancement in techniques for improving algal identification by integrating algal images and particle properties. We employed multi-modal learning to integrate multiple data modalities, including algal images and particle properties acquired using Flow Cam, to provide robustness and reliability for classifying algal phyla, such as <em>Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis, Oscillatoria,</em> and <em>Synedra.</em> This study involved acquiring images and particle modalities, which were conducted to integrate the dataset using early, late, and hybrid fusion methods. In addition, explainable AI approaches, including SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), were used to investigate the contributions of the algal image and particle modalities to the proposed multi-modal algorithm. The multi-modal algae identifier with late fusion achieved an average F1 score of 0.91 and 0.88 for training and tests related to identifying algal phyla, respectively. Furthermore, compared with other modalities, the image and particle modalities showed significant potential as complementary and reliable components of deep-learning algorithms for algal identification in the water treatment process. These findings can contribute to a safe and clean water supply by effectively identifying the dominant algal species in the water treatment process.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}