Water Research最新文献

{"title":"A novel flexible branch-pinecone nanostructured UiO-66-MCA composite nanofiber membrane with bacteriostatic property for effective removal of salicylic acid","authors":"Yue Li, Jie Wang, Ping Lin, Shushu Jia, Lijuan Li, Yongxin Li, Ce Wang, Xiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124740","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) pose significant ecological risks due to their widespread occurrence, persistence, and potential to disrupt microbial ecosystems. Conventional adsorbents often suffer from limited adsorption capacity, bacterial fouling, and poor reusability, necessitating the development of advanced multifunctional materials. Herein, we present a novel flexible branch-pinecone nanostructured UiO-66-MCA composite nanofiber membrane (UMNM) engineered through a combination of electrospinning and self-assembly process, where pinecone-like MCA structures grow on UiO-66 wrapped nanofibers. This distinctive hierarchical architecture synergistically enhances PPCPs adsorption and antibacterial properties. The UMNM demonstrates exceptional adsorption performance for salicylic acid (SA), achieving a capacity of 154.21 mg/g, with kinetics and isotherms following the pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models, respectively. Notably, the membrane maintains robust adsorption under complex wastewater conditions, exhibiting excellent regeneration and anti-interference capabilities. In dynamic filtration tests, the UMNM removes 80.89% of SA from raw sewage while reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 149.17 mg/L to 48.48 mg/L, meeting wastewater discharge standards. Furthermore, the UMNM achieves bacteriostatic rates of 72.20% against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and 84.58% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), mitigating biofouling risks. This study presents an innovative MOFs-HOFs composite membrane that integrates multifunctional PPCPs removal, bacteriostatic activity, and real-world wastewater applicability, offering a breakthrough solution for emerging aquatic contaminants.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Response Measures for Water Cutoffs Using Pressure Driven Analysis Simulations","authors":"Stanley Madiziyire, Jacqueline Stagner, Rupp Carriveau, Nihar Biswas, Katelynn Johnson, Aaron Fisk","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124737","url":null,"abstract":"Water distribution network (WDN) research rarely explores the effects of response measure configurations for water cutoffs. Furthermore, the research that does explore cutoff response measures quantifies performance with resilience metrics that are often difficult for water utilities to apply in operation. These factors hinder the subsequent exploration of tools that water utilities can use to find solutions for resilient water networks. Failure to address resilience in a WDN can lead to prolonged periods of water supply emergencies after failure events such as source-water contamination. Water supply emergencies are critical problems because they affect the welfare of communities and commercial operations. Thus, it is important for water utilities to have response measures that maintain adequate supply while full operation of the WDN is restored. This study analyzes the network-wide impact of response measures on a benchmark WDN undergoing a water cutoff scenario. Simulation is performed until supply is exhausted to explore the effect of the measures under pressure deficient conditions. The findings in this paper present a methodology that can be used to analyze response measures and aid water utilities in mitigation planning.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation cover affects the response of greenhouse gas emissions to microplastics in a coastal wetland","authors":"Feifei Yan, Zihao Wang, Caijie Zhang, Ling Zhang, Zhikai Wang, Chunguang Che, Yuchi Xia, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124743","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MPs) pollution in coastal wetlands has become a major environmental concern. Most studies examining the effects of MPs on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in these ecosystems have been limited to laboratory-based incubations. Here, we conducted field-based in situ incubation experiments to explore spatiotemporal patterns of GHG emissions under varying levels of MPs and evaluate the regulatory effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM), microbial communities, and vegetation cover. MPs exposure significantly increased GHG emissions (global warming potential, GWP: +107.46%) by restructuring microbial networks, enriching key functional microbial taxa, and reducing the bioavailability of DOM while enhancing its electron transfer capacity (<em>p&lt;</em>0.05). Biodegradable MPs stimulated GHG emissions more than traditional MPs (GWP: 155.87% vs. 71.16%), primarily due to the additional organic carbon substrates they provide and their priming effect on microbial metabolism. Vegetation cover altered the direction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission responses, increased methane emissions, and affected the mechanistic pathways of nitrous oxide production. Moreover, MPs contributed up to 1.16 Tg of CO₂-equivalent carbon emissions annually in China’s coastal wetlands, potentially reducing their carbon sequestration capacity by as much as 15.32% (∼0.12% MPs scenarios). This poses a significant threat to the carbon sink function of blue carbon ecosystems. MPs altered GHG emissions by mediating interactions between DOM chemical diversity and microbial structure and function, and vegetation cover affected the response of GHG emissions to MPs. These findings clarify the effects of MPs pollution on GHG emissions in coastal wetland environments.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source-specific quantification of microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter in sludge liquor using δ¹³C-labeled sludge and isotopic fingerprinting under varying conditioning treatments","authors":"Zeshan Arshad, Rabia Zafar, Min-Seob Kim, Yun Kyung Lee, Hongping He, Jin Hur","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124735","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as persistent pollutants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), accumulating in sludge and releasing microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) during sludge processing. This study presents the first source-specific quantification of MP-DOM in sludge liquor using ¹³C-labeled sludge and a stable carbon isotope tracing approach. Aerobic digestion experiments with ¹³C-labeled activated sludge, with and without polyethylene (PE) MPs, were conducted, followed by sludge conditioning treatments (Fenton oxidation, hydrothermal, and KMnO₄ oxidation). MP addition significantly increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release and shifted DOM quality toward more labile, protein-like fractions. Stable isotope analysis showed slower ¹³C depletion in the biomass and delayed ¹³C enrichment in the liquid phase of MP-amended systems compared to control, suggesting a possible retarding effect of MPs on microbial carbon turnover. Using a two-end-member isotope mixing model, MP-DOM was found to contribute 11.5% of DOC in untreated sludge liquor, 19.4% under Fenton oxidation, 13.5% under KMnO₄ oxidation, and 5.6% under hydrothermal treatment. These results suggest that oxidative treatments, particularly Fenton, promote MP-DOM mobilization, while hydrothermal treatment primarily enhances biomass-derived DOM release. Conventional techniques using optical and molecular weight measurements captured overall DOM transformation but lacked source specificity. This study demonstrates the utility of isotope-based source apportionment for identifying hidden contributions of MPs to sludge liquor DOM and underscores the implications for treatment performance, carbon cycling, and sludge reuse strategies in WWTPs.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal changes in dissolved organic matter chemodiversity and its interaction with microbial composition in heavy-metal polluted river","authors":"Chun Liu, Rujie Li, Yuheng Zhang, Lijie Zhang, Zhaoling Liu, Ping Li, Guanghui Fan, Yingjie Zhu, Yue Zuo, Xule Liu, Zhiyong Fu, Xiufeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124738","url":null,"abstract":"Riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) constitutes a key reactive carbon reservoir and critically regulates biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial-aquatic ecosystems. However, the chemodiversity of riverine DOM and its interactions with microorganisms in ecologically fragile watersheds remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal variations in the chemical composition of surface water DOM and its interactions with microbial communities during a hydrologic year in a heavy-metal polluted river of southern China by integrating optical spectroscopy, ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that riverine DOM was predominantly composed of protein-like components (tryptophan-like C2 (peak T) and tyrosine-like C3 (peak B), accounting for 69.6% ± 8.87%, based on the EEM-PARAFAC analysis), demonstrating a primarily microbial origin. Moreover, FT-ICR MS indicative of P-containing compounds exhibited higher concentrations in spring and summer, whereas CHONS compounds were more abundant in autumn and winter, indicating the significant influence of human activities on riverine DOM chemodiversity. The molecular composition of DOM (e.g., saturated compounds and lignin) and the structure of the microbial community (including dominant taxa and their relative proportions) exhibited significant spatiotemporal variations. These fluctuations were particularly pronounced at sites S2 and S3, located near the mining area. Seasonal variation in both DOM composition and microbial community structure exceeded spatial heterogeneity. Furthermore, redundancy analysis (RDA) and mantel test analysis indicated that DOM composition and microbial community was influenced by various environmental factors (e.g., pH, temperature, metals) and that terrestrial humic-like C1 and protein-like C2/C3 were significantly correlated with the microbial community composition. DOM components exhibited stronger correlations with fungal communities than bacterial communities, suggesting that fungal communities displayed greater structural and functional responsiveness to changes in DOM composition. This study highlights the underlying mechanism of interactions between riverine DOM chemodiversity and microbes in heavy metal-polluted rivers, and provides important implications for watershed carbon cycling management under such anthropogenic stress.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"322 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Control of Organic Chloramines and Emerging Contaminants in Swimming Pool Water Using Far-UVC Irradiation","authors":"Mingkai Jia, Yuliang Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Wanxin Li, Ran Yin, Xinkun Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124734","url":null,"abstract":"Organic chloramines (OCs) formed during chlorination of amino acids in swimming pool water, alongside emerging contaminants such as personal care products, pose health risks to swimmers. This study proposes a novel approach for simultaneous control of OCs and trace contaminants using far-UVC irradiation. Results demonstrate enhanced photodecay of OCs, radical production, and contaminant degradation when replacing conventional low-pressure mercury UV lamps (UV₂₅₄) with krypton chloride excimer lamps (UV₂₂₂). The UV fluence-based photodecay rate constants of six OCs are 1.00–1.83-fold higher under UV₂₂₂ (7.44 × 10^–4 to 3.28 × 10^–3 cm² mJ^–1) than under UV₂₅₄ (3.78 × 10^–4 to 2.34 × 10^–3 cm² mJ^–1). This enhancement primarily results from higher apparent quantum yields (1.78–5.51-fold increase), rather than molar absorption coefficients. Furthermore, steady-state concentrations of hydroxyl radicals (HO^•) and chlorine radicals (Cl^•)—normalized to incident fluence rates—are 1.00–1.86-fold and 2.35–5.32-fold higher under UV₂₂₂ than under UV₂₅₄, respectively. In actual swimming pool water, UV₂₂₂ rapidly degrades N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) through synergistic radical pathways, whereas UV₂₅₄ exhibits negligible degradation. These findings advance the photochemistry of OCs and establish far-UVC as a promising technology for simultaneous control of OCs and trace contaminants in chlorinated swimming pools.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer vision-assisted sorting and selective cultivation of high-activity anammox granules","authors":"Shi-Jun Li, Haoran Li, Hui-Min Fu, Yi-Cheng Wang, Xun Weng, Wei Wang, You-Peng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124723","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) granular sludge is a rapidly developing biological wastewater treatment technology characterized by high nitrogen removal efficiency, and now is being at the stage of engineering application and process optimization. Both laboratory and full-scale observations have consistently shown that anammox sludge comprises granules with distinct color variations, typically ranging from yellow to red. Our previous study demonstrated that red-colored granules exhibit significantly higher biochemical activity at the single-granule level. Building upon this insight, the present study introduces a computer vision-assisted fluidic sorting technique capable of selectively separating red granules from heterogeneous sludge populations. Extended cultivation of the sorted granules revealed superior nitrogen removal performance and biomass proliferation compared to unsorted granules. In addition, the red granule-enriched reactor demonstrated enhanced biological stability, maintaining and even improving metabolic activity over time. This approach not only accelerates the acclimation, enrichment, and startup of anammox systems but also provides a scalable strategy for advancing high-rate and sustainable nitrogen removal in environmental biotechnology.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated Transformation of 6PPD to 6PPD-Q in Tire Wear Particles Driven by Roadway Manganese Oxides and Dry-Wet Cycles: Interfacial Catalysis Coupled with Climatic Stressors","authors":"Kun Li, Weiyi Li, Zhangle Chen, Zidong Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124741","url":null,"abstract":"This study reveals the synergistic mechanism whereby roadway manganese oxides and dry-wet cycling accelerate N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N’-phenylenediamine (6PPD) oxidation to toxic 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) in tire wear particles (TWPs). Three Mn-loading strategies (Mn²⁺ adsorption, MnO_x coating, in-situ <em>δ</em>-MnO₂ synthesis) coupled with simulated dry-wet cycles (12 h cycle: 10 h drying + 2 h rain spray) demonstrated that in-situ MnO_x-loaded TWPs (4.2 mg MnO_x/g) achieved the highest 6PPD-Q yield (3.48 mg/L), following sigmoidal kinetics (<em>R</em>² = 0.999). Key mechanisms include: 1) Wet phase: Mn(III) (↑650%) and triple excited states of dissolved organic matter (³DOM*) in water films mediated O₂•⁻ generation, attacking 6PPD to form 6PPD-OO•, which converted to 6PPD-Q via proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET); 2) Dry phase: Environmental Persistent Free Radicals (EPFRs) accumulated (<em>g</em>-factor shift: 2.0031 to 2.0041) and pre-activated Mn sites (Mn(III)* ↑ 90.29%); 3) Rewetting phase: Dissolved Mn(II)/Fe²⁺ triggered Fenton-like reactions, generating •OH (5.0 × 10⁹ spins/μL) to oxidize 6PPD. Scavenger experiments confirmed ROS (•OH/O₂•⁻) as critical bridges for Mn catalysis (6PPD-Q yield ↓ 90%). Fulvic acid (FA) derivatives prolonged 6PPD-Q half-life to 53.7 h via quinone complexation, enhancing environmental persistence. This study provides a climate-mineral regulation strategy for source control of 6PPD-Q, highlighting the critical need to manage roadway Mn-containing materials and dry-wet cycling impacts to mitigate aquatic ecosystem risks.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-Interpenetrated Metal Organic Framework for Targeted Recovery of Gold from Gold-Electroplating Wastewater","authors":"Yihui Wu, Jiaxin Luo, Shixing Wang, Rong Zhu, Jianqiang Ye, Xinrui Yang, Xinni Tang, Guowei Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124736","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing demand and the rising difficulty and cost of primary gold mining, gold recovery from industrial wastewater is becoming increasingly important. We report a chitosan interpenetrating Zr-MOF (CS@MOF-TPA) that retains chitosan-NH₂ bonds while significantly increasing the specific surface area, overcoming the trade-off between stability and functionality encountered in traditional cross-linking methods. Triazine-N/-NH₂-linkers are introduced into the MOF linker, increasing the density of N/O donor sites. CS@MOF-TPA operates within a pH range of 2-8 (optimum at pH 5), with adsorption capacities of 359.24, 473.27, and 556.33 mg/g at 298, 308, and 318 K, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium follows the Sips isotherm, and the kinetics fit the pseudo-secondary/Elovich model, indicating heterogeneous chemical adsorption. Gold removal efficiency reaches 99.39% in mixed ion solutions and remains as high as 68.88% in actual electroplating wastewater. The adsorbent retained an adsorption efficiency of 90.96% after five thiourea regeneration cycles. XRD/XPS and DFT (DOS/PDOS, ELF, IGMH) analysis supported electrostatically assisted coordination of N/O sites as the primary capture pathway.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material-driven microbiologically influenced corrosion mechanisms in drinking water distribution systems","authors":"Tanghao Liu, Jianing Xiu, Xuejing Huang, Bin Geng, Ling Hu, Xiaohui Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124729","url":null,"abstract":"Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) poses critical challenges to drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) by accelerating infrastructure degradation and compromising water quality through metal release and biofilm-derived contaminants. Current understanding remains limited regarding how pipe material and protective linings interact with attached biofilm to drive MIC. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive investigation integrating morphological characterization, microbial community profiling, and biochemical analysis across 21 field-aged pipes (cast iron, ductile iron, steel) with service durations up to 50 years. Initial assessments revealed that unlined steel pipes exhibited more accelerated corrosion compared to cement-lined systems, correlating with tuberculation severity and liner degradation. Biofilm quantification demonstrated 13.5-fold higher bacterial densities on unlined surfaces (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001), attributed to corrosion-induced microtopography. Taxonomic profiling identified material-specific enrichment: unlined metal pipes harbored iron-oxidizing <em>Sideroxydans</em> (1.12%) and sulfate-reducing <em>Desulfovibrio</em> (5.19%), whereas lined pipes accumulated iron-reducing <em>Shewanella</em> (0.59%). Elevated sulfate promoted SRB dominance in steel pipes, with assimilatory sulfate reduction genes (<em>cysI/cysJ</em>) identified as key functional markers for sulfate to H₂S transformation. In contrast, cement-lined ductile iron pipes fostered acidogenic <em>Streptococcus</em> proliferation (1-log increase), correlating with iron dissolution (<em>R²</em>=0.929) via lactic acid production. Crucially, we delineated two MIC guilds: redox-active taxa including <em>Desulfovibrio</em> and <em>Sideroxydans</em> governed by Ca²⁺-HCO₃⁻-SO₄²⁻ gradients in unlined pipes versus chlorine-enriched acidogenic <em>Streptococcus</em> in lined pipes. These findings delineate material-driven MIC mechanisms, establishing a new non-invasive monitoring strategy for corrosion risk assessment. By linking effluent biomarkers to pipe wall biofilm dynamics, this approach offers a promising alternative to excavation-dependent inspections.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}