{"title":"纳米气泡和大气泡对水化学、微藻生长和碳利用的影响","authors":"Lili Li, Jingru Wei, Yi-Ying Lee, Yihan Zhang, Shan Xue, Sowmya Atukuri, Yantao Li, Taha Marhaba, Xuezhi Zhang, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124714","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Algal biotechnology presents a cost-effective approach for simultaneous carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture and bioproduct generation. However, conventional gas delivery approaches (e.g., macro and micro-bubbles) suffer from low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency (<em>K<sub>L</sub>·a</em>) and CO<sub>2</sub> utilization. This study investigated the aqueous properties of CO₂ nanobubbles and impacts on the CO<sub>2</sub> mass transfer, utilization, and microalgal growth. Results revealed that direct injection of CO<sub>2</sub> nanobubbles in DI water achieved rapid CO<sub>2</sub> saturation (1.48 ± 0.08 g·L<sup>-1</sup>) and nanobubble density (1.5 × 10<sup>8</sup> particles·mL<sup>-1</sup>) within 1 minute. By contrast, the circulation mode produced a higher nanobubbles concentration (2.6 × 10<sup>8</sup> particles·mL<sup>-1</sup>) after 20 min with a similar dissolved CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. Accordingly, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (<em>K<sub>L</sub>·a</em>) of CO<sub>2</sub> nanobubbles in DI water reached 12.41 ± 3.49 h<sup>-1</sup> (circulation mode) and 18.91 ± 7.68 h<sup>-1</sup> (direct mode), exceeding that of macrobubbles (10.18 ± 2.38 h<sup>-1</sup>). Compared to macrobubbles, the use of CO<sub>2</sub> nanobubbles in <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em> cultivation increased biomass by 10.11 ± 0.01% over 14 days and garnered carbon utilization efficiency (CUE) to 27.86 ± 0.63%, supported by the enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> mass transfer or carbon transfer efficiency. These findings highlight the potential of nanobubble technology in algal biotechnology applications and global CO<sub>2</sub> emission mitigation.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comparative Study of CO₂ Nanobubbles and Macrobubbles: Effects on Water Chemistry, Microalgal Growth, and Carbon Utilization\",\"authors\":\"Lili Li, Jingru Wei, Yi-Ying Lee, Yihan Zhang, Shan Xue, Sowmya Atukuri, Yantao Li, Taha Marhaba, Xuezhi Zhang, Wen Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124714\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Algal biotechnology presents a cost-effective approach for simultaneous carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture and bioproduct generation. However, conventional gas delivery approaches (e.g., macro and micro-bubbles) suffer from low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency (<em>K<sub>L</sub>·a</em>) and CO<sub>2</sub> utilization. This study investigated the aqueous properties of CO₂ nanobubbles and impacts on the CO<sub>2</sub> mass transfer, utilization, and microalgal growth. Results revealed that direct injection of CO<sub>2</sub> nanobubbles in DI water achieved rapid CO<sub>2</sub> saturation (1.48 ± 0.08 g·L<sup>-1</sup>) and nanobubble density (1.5 × 10<sup>8</sup> particles·mL<sup>-1</sup>) within 1 minute. By contrast, the circulation mode produced a higher nanobubbles concentration (2.6 × 10<sup>8</sup> particles·mL<sup>-1</sup>) after 20 min with a similar dissolved CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. Accordingly, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (<em>K<sub>L</sub>·a</em>) of CO<sub>2</sub> nanobubbles in DI water reached 12.41 ± 3.49 h<sup>-1</sup> (circulation mode) and 18.91 ± 7.68 h<sup>-1</sup> (direct mode), exceeding that of macrobubbles (10.18 ± 2.38 h<sup>-1</sup>). Compared to macrobubbles, the use of CO<sub>2</sub> nanobubbles in <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em> cultivation increased biomass by 10.11 ± 0.01% over 14 days and garnered carbon utilization efficiency (CUE) to 27.86 ± 0.63%, supported by the enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> mass transfer or carbon transfer efficiency. These findings highlight the potential of nanobubble technology in algal biotechnology applications and global CO<sub>2</sub> emission mitigation.\",\"PeriodicalId\":443,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Water Research\",\"volume\":\"37 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":12.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Water Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124714\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Water Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124714","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative Study of CO₂ Nanobubbles and Macrobubbles: Effects on Water Chemistry, Microalgal Growth, and Carbon Utilization
Algal biotechnology presents a cost-effective approach for simultaneous carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture and bioproduct generation. However, conventional gas delivery approaches (e.g., macro and micro-bubbles) suffer from low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency (KL·a) and CO2 utilization. This study investigated the aqueous properties of CO₂ nanobubbles and impacts on the CO2 mass transfer, utilization, and microalgal growth. Results revealed that direct injection of CO2 nanobubbles in DI water achieved rapid CO2 saturation (1.48 ± 0.08 g·L-1) and nanobubble density (1.5 × 108 particles·mL-1) within 1 minute. By contrast, the circulation mode produced a higher nanobubbles concentration (2.6 × 108 particles·mL-1) after 20 min with a similar dissolved CO2 concentration. Accordingly, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KL·a) of CO2 nanobubbles in DI water reached 12.41 ± 3.49 h-1 (circulation mode) and 18.91 ± 7.68 h-1 (direct mode), exceeding that of macrobubbles (10.18 ± 2.38 h-1). Compared to macrobubbles, the use of CO2 nanobubbles in Scenedesmus obliquus cultivation increased biomass by 10.11 ± 0.01% over 14 days and garnered carbon utilization efficiency (CUE) to 27.86 ± 0.63%, supported by the enhanced CO2 mass transfer or carbon transfer efficiency. These findings highlight the potential of nanobubble technology in algal biotechnology applications and global CO2 emission mitigation.
期刊介绍:
Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include:
•Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management;
•Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure;
•Drinking water treatment and distribution;
•Potable and non-potable water reuse;
•Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment;
•Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions;
•Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment;
•Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution;
•Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation;
•Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts;
•Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle;
•Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.