HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES最新文献

Becoming a Rescuer in the Pyrenees: Border Guides Who took Jews from France to Franco’s Spain (1940–1943) 成为比利牛斯山的救援者：将犹太人从法国带到佛朗哥的西班牙的边境向导（1940-1943 年）

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcae040

Jacqueline Adams

{"title":"Becoming a Rescuer in the Pyrenees: Border Guides Who took Jews from France to Franco’s Spain (1940–1943)","authors":"Jacqueline Adams","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcae040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcae040","url":null,"abstract":"During the Holocaust, thousands of Jews in France fled Europe via Franco’s Spain. When leaving France, refugees who lacked the required travel documents avoided police and customs officers at the Franco-Spanish border by walking over the Pyrenees. Guides (passeurs) led them through the mountains to the border, choosing trails and times that would make encounters with police patrols less likely. Most charged large sums of money, but some worked without payment. This article explores why the latter group engaged in this dangerous form of rescue, by examining how they became border guides. It focuses on two French farmers, a French Christian brother at a sanatorium, and an antifascist activist from Germany. The sources analyzed include the memoirs, unpublished accounts, diaries, letters and oral history interviews of the guides, their work associates, and the refugees; as well as official correspondence between French police and government officials in the Pyrenees region, and the archival records of the Brothers of the Christian Schools. The author’s primary research finding is that the border guides considered in this study undertook the dangerous task of guiding refugees because they had had a series of experiences and had engaged in a series of actions that made it more feasible for them to do so when asked. Their values and understanding of their work also help explain why they became guides. Reflections on the implications of this research for our comprehension of bystanders’ actions conclude the article.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Holocaust Propaganda Machine in Soviet Periodicals, 1941–1945 苏联期刊中的大屠杀宣传机器，1941-1945 年

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcae026

Albert Kaganovitch

引用次数: 0

Era of the Female Witness: Jewish Women and the Trial of Klaus Barbie 女证人时代：犹太妇女与克劳斯-巴比的审判

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcae020

Ashley Valanzola

{"title":"Era of the Female Witness: Jewish Women and the Trial of Klaus Barbie","authors":"Ashley Valanzola","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcae020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcae020","url":null,"abstract":"In May 1987, Sabine Zlatin and Simone Lagrange became household names in France after they testified against the infamous Nazi Klaus Barbie, “the Butcher of Lyon,” during his trial for crimes against humanity. On the witness stand, Zlatin’s testimony revealed her perseverance as a Polish-Jewish immigrant involved extensively in wartime rescue and resistance. Meanwhile, Lagrange shared her encounters as a thirteen-year-old Jewish girl whom Klaus Barbie tortured. Throughout Barbie’s trial, national and international media outlets reported frequently on Zlatin and Lagrange’s wartime and postwar lives. The enormous media attention the trial received made it a crucial event during the resurgence of Holocaust memory in France, yet what made this trial unique regarding the role of Jewish women as witnesses was its timing in the aftermath of the women’s rights movement. The feminist movement allowed people to better understand the gendered nature of Zlatin and Lagrange’s testimonies and recognize their persecution and perseverance as women during and after the war. Going forward, the centrality of experiences shared by women shaped how the trial would be remembered, and arguably even influenced a greater consideration of crimes against women within the statutes for crimes against humanity.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“An island of Jewish autonomous life”: Paul Rosner’s Diary and the Story of the Young Maccabi Movement in Germany "犹太自治生活的孤岛"：保罗-罗斯纳的日记和德国青年马卡比运动的故事

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcae002

Noam Corb

引用次数: 0

The Rumble of a Locomotive, Traumatizing Screams, and Mortal Dance: Firsthand Poetic Testimonies Haunted by the Sounds of the Holocaust 火车头的轰鸣声、创伤性的尖叫声和凡人的舞蹈：被大屠杀声音困扰的第一手诗歌证词

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcad073

Dobrawa Lisak-Gębala

引用次数: 0

Deportations of Roma from Hungary and the Mass Killing at Kamianets-Podilskyi in 1941 1941 年匈牙利驱逐罗姆人和在卡米亚内茨-波季尔斯基的大屠杀

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcae010

Anders E B Blomqvist

{"title":"Deportations of Roma from Hungary and the Mass Killing at Kamianets-Podilskyi in 1941","authors":"Anders E B Blomqvist","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcae010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcae010","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of August 1941, the Nazi German Einsatzgruppe, together with German Police Battalion 320 and Ukrainian auxiliaries, killed approximately 23,600 persons (mainly Jews) at Kamianets-Podilskyi. While some researchers assert that Roma were deported from Hungary and Hungarian-occupied Transcarpathia (present-day Ukraine) despite the absence of official reports, other scholars argue that Hungarian leaders may have planned to ethnically “cleanse” the area of Roma, but the plan was never executed, resulting in no deportations or deaths. This article presents new findings that support the former position, and argues that roughly one thousand Roma were expelled from Transcarpathia. New evidence includes a report detailing the ongoing operation to expel Roma, census data indicating a significant reduction in the Roma population near the border, as well as indications that individuals other than Jews were expelled, likely Roma. Only circumstantial evidence—verbal orders to eliminate Roma and reports of Roma killings by the same special commando in different locations—supports the claim that Roma were killed in the August 1941 massacre, though later reports from 1942 explicitly identify Roma victims. After analyzing this new evidence, the author supports the claim that Roma were deported and potentially killed earlier than had previously been known.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Europe to Mexico: The Unexpected Journey of Thirty Jewish Families Escaping Nazism 从欧洲到墨西哥三十个犹太家庭逃离纳粹的意外之旅

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcad070

Daniela Gleizer, Yael Siman

引用次数: 0

Staging a Boycott: Photographs of the Nazi Attack on Jewish-Owned Businesses in April 1933 抵制活动：1933 年 4 月纳粹袭击犹太人企业的照片

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcae004

Christoph Kreutzmüller

引用次数: 0

Shmal’tsovniki: Bounty Hunters in World War II Galicia, 1941–1944 Shmal'tsovniki：第二次世界大战加利西亚的赏金猎人，1941-1944 年

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcad074

Jeffrey Burds

引用次数: 0

Mitigating Persecution: Intermarried Families and the Significance of Social Networks during the Holocaust in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia 减轻迫害：大屠杀期间波希米亚和摩拉维亚保护国的通婚家庭和社会网络的意义

IF 0.3 3区历史学

HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcae001

Tatjana Lichtenstein

{"title":"Mitigating Persecution: Intermarried Families and the Significance of Social Networks during the Holocaust in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia","authors":"Tatjana Lichtenstein","doi":"10.1093/hgs/dcae001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcae001","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the wartime experience of an intermarried family in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. It examines the intermarried couple Marie and Jiří Klouda, their daughters, Helena and Mariana, and their closest relatives among the Eisner and Klouda families. Using a microhistorical perspective, this study focuses on the experiences and strategies of particular individuals and their social circles to understand their responses to shifting circumstances. Although I focus on these two families, my questions pertain to the significance of non-Jewish friends and relatives for Jews during the Holocaust. In short, what difference did these social and familial bonds make to Jewish family members? The study shows that familial and social bonds had tangible outcomes in terms of facilitating important, lifesaving contacts and favors within the forced Jewish societies in the Terezín ghetto and Prague. Prewar professional, familial, and cultural networks, and the social capital they embodied, carried over into the lives of Jews forced into Terezín and into the ghettoized society in Prague. Family and friends provided significant material and emotional support for each other. This support was especially important in a family like the Eisners-Kloudas, which experienced multiple forms of victimization during the war. During the Holocaust, non-Jewish relatives and friends could not stop the processes of genocide, but they could mitigate the effects of dispossession, isolation, deprivation, and deportation.","PeriodicalId":44172,"journal":{"name":"HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139910831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0