Journal of Chemical Education最新文献_第9页

University Students’ Preferred Models of Chemical Bonding 大学生偏好的化学键模型

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-20 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01651

Iselin Grav Aakre, Per-Odd Eggen

{"title":"University Students’ Preferred Models of Chemical Bonding","authors":"Iselin Grav Aakre, Per-Odd Eggen","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01651","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows how students’ preferred modelof covalentbonding, exemplified by the hydrogen molecule, changes during theirfirst two years of university studies. It analyzes some differencesbetween first-year, second-year, and third-year students and betweenstudents who prefer different models. Chemistry students are introducedto several models and theories about chemical bonding and expectedto integrate these models into a scientifically appropriate understandingof the topic, use them in constructive ways, and choose the most suitablemodel for the problem at hand. Research shows that students strugglewith this and that even advanced students of chemistry tend to usesimple models of chemical bonding, despite having learned more sophisticatedmodels. This study analyzes first-year (N = 321),second-year (N = 221) and third-year (N = 199) chemistry students’ responses to a survey about students’perceptions of chemical bonding and models of chemical bonding. Mostfirst-year students chose either an octet model or a Lewis structureas their preferred model, while other models, such as a molecularorbital diagram, were popular among second- and third-year students.The study found a link between students’ preferred model andhow students explain chemical bonding: Students who preferred differentmodels used different concepts when describing chemical bonding andjustified their choice of preferred model differently.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5247–5257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introducing Acid–Base Titration on Paper-Based Analytical Devices in a High-School Chemistry Laboratory for the Determination of Acetylsalicylic Acid 介绍了一所高中化学实验室纸基酸碱滴定法测定乙酰水杨酸的方法

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-11 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00067

Jordanna Emily dos Santos, Gabrielly Rodrigues da Silva, Maria Eduarda Oliveira de Jesus, Lucas C. Duarte, Wendell K. T. Coltro, Monise C. R. Casanova

{"title":"Introducing Acid–Base Titration on Paper-Based Analytical Devices in a High-School Chemistry Laboratory for the Determination of Acetylsalicylic Acid","authors":"Jordanna Emily dos Santos, Gabrielly Rodrigues da Silva, Maria Eduarda Oliveira de Jesus, Lucas C. Duarte, Wendell K. T. Coltro, Monise C. R. Casanova","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00067","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, paper-based analyticaldevices (PADs) were usedto introduce a simple, rapid, portable, and low-cost acid–basetitration method in high school chemistry laboratories. Students performedconventional and paper-based titrations to determine the amount ofacetylsalicylic acid in aspirin® tablets. This learning laboratoryexperiment aimed to introduce the concept of PADs and fundamentalsof acid–base titrations to students, as well as to evaluatetheir perceptions of both titration methods, such as portability,waste generation, solution volume consumption, and how it contributedto their learning experience and skills through a questionnaire. Thirty-twohigh school students conducted this laboratory experiment over four90 min classes during the second semester of 2025. The students’assessment was very satisfactory, and in general, this laboratoryexperiment contributed to their learning experience during high school.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5788–5795"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Team-Based Learning Activity with AI-Supported Reasoning for Teaching Molecular Dynamics 基于团队的人工智能推理学习活动在分子动力学教学中的应用

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-07 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00082

Renato Lombardo

引用次数: 0

From “Lost Work” to “Entropy Production”: Examining the Cost to the Surroundings in Irreversible Isothermal Processes of Ideal Gases 从“失功”到“熵产”：考察理想气体不可逆等温过程对环境的代价

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00292

Li Liu, Yiran Fu, Qiang Fu

{"title":"From “Lost Work” to “Entropy Production”: Examining the Cost to the Surroundings in Irreversible Isothermal Processes of Ideal Gases","authors":"Li Liu, Yiran Fu, Qiang Fu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00292","url":null,"abstract":"Thispaper utilizes LabVIEW software to develop a simulation programfor reversible and irreversible isothermal processes of an ideal gas.By varying the number of steps N, a process chainfrom irreversible to nearly reversible is implemented. The simulationresults are used to re-examine the cost to the surroundings in reversible/irreversibleprocesses. Thermodynamic concepts such as work, heat, entropy, andthe second law of thermodynamics are integrated into teaching, providinga new pedagogical approach for reversible/irreversible processes.The rationale follows five steps to examine the cost to the surroundingsin irreversible processes: Comparing work → Utilizing functions→ Selecting the metric → Understanding the Principle→ Finding the Relationship. The greater the irreversibilityof the process (smaller N), the higher the cost tothe surroundings, as reflected in the greater amount of energy dissipated(larger entropy production ΔST andlarger lost work Wlost). Linear regressionis employed to verify the strict applicability of Wlost = TΔST in ideal gas isothermal processes, and the quantitative relationshipbetween the thermodynamic loss (Wlost,ΔST) and the degree of irreversibility(number of steps N) is obtained. The total scoredistribution of the postclass exercises was concentrated without anylarge range. Questionnaire survey results indicate that students holdhighly positive attitudes toward the software’s practicality,ease of use, and effectiveness, with balanced performance across allthree dimensions and no apparent weaknesses.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5564–5573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying Chemical Processes in Beer Brewing: A Laboratory Experience for Undergraduates 啤酒酿造中化学过程的量化：本科生的实验室体验

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00196

Rebecca Gibbons, Matthew Licausi, Taylor J. Woehl

{"title":"Quantifying Chemical Processes in Beer Brewing: A Laboratory Experience for Undergraduates","authors":"Rebecca Gibbons, Matthew Licausi, Taylor J. Woehl","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00196","url":null,"abstract":"Real-world laboratory experiencesthat are familiar, relatable,and engaging are known to solidify challenging theoretical conceptsin undergraduate chemical education. Here, we describe a series oflaboratory modules where students quantify chemical processes duringbeer brewing. Each module involves collecting and modeling experimentaldata by using chemistry and chemical engineering concepts learnedin core undergraduate courses. The experiments engage students inthe familiar and enjoyable process of beer brewing and are designedto reinforce difficult chemical science concepts from prior core courses.The experiments were implemented in a senior undergraduate electivechemical engineering course and covered concepts in material balances,transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and fluid mechanics. In additionto reinforcing these core chemical science concepts, the experimentshelp solidify critical technical skills such as data analysis, theoreticalmodeling of data, and experimental design. We describe experimentsincluding measuring water absorption in crushed barley, isomerizationkinetics of alpha acids during hop boiling, and flow through porousmedia during wort filtration. The experiments are supplemented bytheoretical lectures the week prior to each lab module, which helpsstudents connect theoretical knowledge with real-world experiences.Experiments were designed using simple and readily available equipmentand instruments to maximize accessibility. Assessments of historicalstudent work showed that the laboratory experiments were successfulin achieving learning outcomes.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5801–5809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Colorimetric-SERS Dual-Mode Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides Using Au-R-Fe3O4 Nanozyme Cascade Platform: A Practical Approach for Chemistry Education Au-R-Fe3O4纳米酶级联平台比色- sers双模检测有机磷农药：化学教学的实用方法

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00905

Chu Wang, Yunsheng Shang, Yingdi Zhang, Jin Yang, Yuxin Guo, Lulu Qu

{"title":"Colorimetric-SERS Dual-Mode Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides Using Au-R-Fe3O4 Nanozyme Cascade Platform: A Practical Approach for Chemistry Education","authors":"Chu Wang, Yunsheng Shang, Yingdi Zhang, Jin Yang, Yuxin Guo, Lulu Qu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00905","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphoruspesticides (OPs) pose significant environmentaland health risks due to their persistence and neurotoxicity, yet currentdetection methods rely on sophisticated instrumentation inaccessibleto educational settings. To address this pedagogical gap, we developeda recyclable Au-R-Fe3O4 nanozyme cascade reactorintegrating robust peroxidase-like activity and surface-enhanced Ramanscattering (SERS) capabilities. This platform enables dual-mode detectionof OPs through an innovative enzyme cascade (AChE/ChOx/Au-R-Fe3O4), where OP-induced inhibition of acetylcholinesterase(AChE) modulates colorimetric and SERS signals of oxidized 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine.The magnetic Fe3O4 nanorings facilitated efficientcatalyst recovery, maintaining 92% activity after five cycles, demonstratingexceptional operational stability ideal for classroom reuse. The dual-modeAu-R-Fe3O4 sensor achieved detection limitsfor chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion, reaching 8.56 and 5.24 ng/mLvia colorimetry and 0.59 and 0.76 ng/mL via SERS, respectively. Particularlysignificant for chemical education, this system visually demonstratesenzyme kinetics, nanomaterial properties, and environmental analysisprinciples in a single integrated experiment. We detail its implementationin undergraduate laboratories, enabling students to explore interfacialcatalysis, spectroscopic quantification, and environmental monitoringapplications through hands-on experience with cutting-edge nanotechnology.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5980–5988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transforming Student Revision: The Pedagogical Potential of Generative AI 转型学生修订：生成式人工智能的教学潜力

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01764

Campbell Flanagan, Suzanne Fergus

{"title":"Transforming Student Revision: The Pedagogical Potential of Generative AI","authors":"Campbell Flanagan, Suzanne Fergus","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01764","url":null,"abstract":"The ability and pedagogical potential of ChatGPT, GoogleGemini,and Claude AI to create study notes and practice questions were evaluatedusing undergraduate pharmaceutical science lecture content. A mixedmethods approach examined quantitative metrics such as comprehensivenessscores as well as qualitative aspects including accuracy and clarity.Both basic and complex input prompts were used, and a measure of howthese models processed different data formats in the form of visuallectures, statistical content, and descriptive teaching formats wasalso included. All demonstrated potential, yet their performance differeddepending on the specific task and type of content. Claude AI producedstudy notes that were highly reliable, showed high comprehensivenessscores between 0.75 and 1.0. ChatGPT demonstrated exceptional abilityto create practice questions at multiple cognitive levels whereasGoogle Gemini performed better with detailed prompts but faced difficultieswith mathematical questions. The study demonstrated that detailedprompting led to higher output quality across all systems especiallyin generating practice questions at higher cognitive levels. GenerativeAIs prove to be beneficial educational resource creation tools whentheir specific attributes and constraints are considered. Their effectivenessdepends on the task and subject matter, demonstrating that they workbest when used as supplementary tools instead of standalone solutions.This research study advances knowledge about successful GenerativeAI integration in higher education and identifies areas needing additionaldevelopment.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5527–5535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment for the Fabrication of ZIF-8 SURMOF Thin Films via Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly 逐层自组装制备ZIF-8 SURMOF薄膜的实验研究

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-17 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00750

Junjie Liu, Mengjun Chen, Zhe Chen, Ping Fu, Zhidong Lin, Shenggao Wang, Hongyang Zhao, Zhengbang Wang

{"title":"An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment for the Fabrication of ZIF-8 SURMOF Thin Films via Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly","authors":"Junjie Liu, Mengjun Chen, Zhe Chen, Ping Fu, Zhidong Lin, Shenggao Wang, Hongyang Zhao, Zhengbang Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00750","url":null,"abstract":"Surface-mounted metal-organic framework (SURMOF) thin-filmsarereceiving growing interest due to their unique structural characteristicsand potential applications in advanced nanotechnology. A laboratoryteaching experiment based on layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly methodwas developed for the fabrication of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8(ZIF-8) SURMOF thin-films. The experiment integrates concepts fromcoordination chemistry, crystallography, materials science, and moderncharacterization techniques, providing students with an interdisciplinarylearning experience. Through the automated LBL deposition process,students gain hands-on experience in the coordination-driven growthof SURMOF thin-films and learn the fundamental principles of SURMOFfabrication. Compared with conventional MOF synthesis experiments,this course provides a more intuitive understanding of interfacialcoordination assembly and modern thin-film fabrication techniques.In addition, the teaching design emphasizes student-centered learning,scientific discussion, and literature-based problem analysis to enhancestudents’ critical thinking and research abilities. Assessmentresults demonstrated that the experiment effectively improved students’understanding of MOF materials, characterization techniques, and thin-filmgrowth mechanisms while simultaneously strengthening their interdisciplinaryscientific reasoning and experimental skills.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5956–5962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Designing a Digital Learning Environment to Support Self-Regulated Learning 设计数字化学习环境以支持自主学习

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01164

Nils Bergander, Nastja Riemer, Jolanda Hermanns

{"title":"Designing a Digital Learning Environment to Support Self-Regulated Learning","authors":"Nils Bergander, Nastja Riemer, Jolanda Hermanns","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c01164","url":null,"abstract":"Self-regulated learning (SRL) isconsidered a key competence inhigher education, particularly for pre-service teachers who must managetheir own learning and encourage it in their future classrooms. Thisstudy presents the development and evaluation of an interactive digitallearning environment that focuses on the first group of elements inthe periodic table and is contextualized through the topic of energystorage. Designed for pre-service chemistry teachers, the environmentintegrates real-world relevance, modular content, various teachingmethods, self-assessment tools, and a central task that encouragessynthesizing and applying knowledge. Based on established frameworksthat support SRL, it balances learner autonomy with structured guidance.The study addresses two key questions: How do learners perceive thedesign criteria? How do advanced students evaluate the environment’sSRL potential? The results show that design features promoting autonomy,such as modularity, variety of methods, and self-assessment, wererated most positively. However, limitations emerged in terms of underutilizedsupport features, limited collaborative elements, and technical usabilityissues. Master’s student feedback confirmed the environment’srelevance for SRL development while highlighting areas for improvement,such as increased task variety and interaction. Overall, the studydemonstrates the potential of well-designed digital environments tofoster SRL in chemistry higher education and offers concrete recommendationsfor future development.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5474–5485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AR Enrichment: Advancing Practical Chemistry Skills-Based Education AR丰富：推进实用化学技能为基础的教育

IF 3 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2026-10-13 Epub Date: 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00559

Jennifer Du, Shane Dunne, Megan Bryden, Maariyah Suleman, Lesley Ann Howell

{"title":"AR Enrichment: Advancing Practical Chemistry Skills-Based Education","authors":"Jennifer Du, Shane Dunne, Megan Bryden, Maariyah Suleman, Lesley Ann Howell","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00559","url":null,"abstract":"Augmented reality (AR) offers promisingopportunities to enhanceboth conceptual and procedural learning within practical chemistryeducation. This paper evaluates two complementary implementationsof the Microsoft HoloLens2 at Queen Mary University of London (QMUL).During the Covid-19 pandemic, the HoloLens2 was used to deliver remotelaboratory teaching through real time demonstrations enriched withholographic overlays. Survey responses from 148 students indicatedstrong engagement and improved understanding of experimental procedureswhile learning at a distance. Following the return to in person teaching,a library of AR instructional guides was co-created with undergraduatestudents and embedded within QMUL’s skills based first yearlaboratory curriculum. Across two academic years, 24 students usedthe guides to practice selected techniques independently, generating49 technique-level matched pre/post confidence ratings. Ninety fourpercent of responses showed increased confidence, with the largestgains in techniques students initially found unfamiliar or complex.Qualitative analysis highlighted the value of step-by-step holographicinstructions, visual learning support and the opportunity for self-pacedpractice without assessment pressure. These findings suggest thatAR-supported practice may enhance students’ self-reported confidenceand perceived preparedness for laboratory procedures. Qualitativefeedback also indicated perceived benefits relating to independentlearning and engagement, highlighting the potential of AR-supportedapproaches within skills-focused chemistry curricula.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"103 10","pages":"5623–5633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0