Journal of Chemical Education最新文献_第5页

Differences in the Portrayal of Female and Male Scientists in College Chemistry Textbooks 大学化学教材中男女科学家形象的差异

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0136510.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01365

Peyton T. Fair, and , Melanie R. Nilsson*,

{"title":"Differences in the Portrayal of Female and Male Scientists in College Chemistry Textbooks","authors":"Peyton T. Fair,  and , Melanie R. Nilsson*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0136510.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01365https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01365","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the portrayal of one female and one male scientist, Marie Curie and Linus Pauling, in 10 US General Chemistry textbooks published between 2016 and 2020. The language in the textbooks was analyzed using methods previously developed for the study of letters of recommendation. Textbook descriptions of Marie Curie are shorter and contain a higher frequency of sex-linked words, subordinate language, grindstone terms, doubt raisers, and communal attributes. Descriptions of Linus Pauling are longer and characterized by a higher frequency of references that highlight his independence. The frequency of standout words (words that indicate exceptional attributes) is the same for Curie and Pauling, but more superlatives and repetition of standout words are used with Linus Pauling. The accuracy of the statements made in the textbooks was also examined, which is a unique avenue of investigation that is often not possible in studies of performance evaluations. The textbook inaccuracies for Linus Pauling consistently give him more credit than he is due, while those for Marie Curie are mixed and often undermine her accomplishments. The language and characterization of Marie Curie and Linus Pauling convey different expectations for female and male scientists, which may impact entry, retention, and promotion in the discipline.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 5","pages":"1912–1917 1912–1917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Didactic Sequence Inspired by the Historical Evolution of Colorimetry to Introduce the Lambert–Beer Law at High School Level 受比色法历史演变的启发，在高中阶段引入兰伯特-比尔定律的教学序列

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0132410.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01324

Maria Antonietta Carpentieri*, Marco Matteoni and Valentina Domenici*,

{"title":"A Didactic Sequence Inspired by the Historical Evolution of Colorimetry to Introduce the Lambert–Beer Law at High School Level","authors":"Maria Antonietta Carpentieri*, Marco Matteoni and Valentina Domenici*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0132410.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01324https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01324","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper aims to propose a novel didactic sequence inspired by an historical/epistemological study of the evolution of spectroscopy and in particular of colorimetry. The working principles of the historical color comparators and the visual color matching method, first proposed by Duboscq, stimulated us in the development of a five-step sequence of experiments, following a phenomenological approach. The teaching sequence was designed to help students understanding several key aspects of the well-known and widely used Lambert–Beer equation, which is typically introduced to high school students for analytical chemistry applications. Through the proposed laboratorial experiences, students should understand the meaning and the role of the optical path and of the concentration of the solution in the color intensity. Moreover, students should realize that the intensity of color is determined by the number of absorber particles the light encounters during its optical path. The didactic sequence has been experimented with 95 high school students from four different institutes, and a qualitative study was carried out based on the analysis of students’ answers to a 15 open question survey which was specifically designed to investigate students’ misconceptions, way of reasoning and understanding of the main aspects related to the phenomenon of light absorption of a colored solution. The main results of the experimentation based on the analysis of the questionnaires are here reported and discussed. The description of the sequence and relevant technical aspects together with the materials useful for high school teachers are also provided.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 5","pages":"1891–1900 1891–1900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Replacement of Dimensional Analysis with Proportional Reasoning in Introductory Chemistry and Its Effects on Students’ Chemistry Conceptual Understanding 以比例推理代替量纲分析对学生化学概念理解的影响

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0145510.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01455

Simone Dunphy*, and , Zachary Weisse,

{"title":"Replacement of Dimensional Analysis with Proportional Reasoning in Introductory Chemistry and Its Effects on Students’ Chemistry Conceptual Understanding","authors":"Simone Dunphy*,  and , Zachary Weisse, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0145510.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01455https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01455","url":null,"abstract":"Dimensional analysis is an algorithm currently in use in almost every chemistry classroom in the United States. Chemistry educators use this procedural tool in the classroom with the intention of providing students with a reliable method to solve many of the relatively simple math problems they encounter. The unintended consequence of using this algorithm is that dimensional analysis divorces conceptual from procedural knowledge and effectively produces students who are answer-getters instead of critical thinkers. Instruction that integrates both conceptual and procedural knowledge into curriculum improves students’ conceptual understanding of a topic while still equipping them with necessary skills to solve rote, mathematical problems. This study assesses the impacts of replacing instruction in dimensional analysis with instruction in proportional reasoning on students’ conceptual chemistry understanding. Results indicate that students who received instruction in proportional reasoning instead of dimensional analysis experienced significantly greater growth in the area of chemistry conceptual understanding when compared to their peers who received instruction in dimensional analysis.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 5","pages":"1788–1802 1788–1802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation into the Impact of Online Learning and the Pandemic on Student Use of Mechanistic Arrows 调查在线学习和流行病对学生使用机械箭的影响

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0127410.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01274

Veeda Scammahorn, Samantha Houchlei, Hunter Williams and Melanie M Cooper*,

{"title":"Investigation into the Impact of Online Learning and the Pandemic on Student Use of Mechanistic Arrows","authors":"Veeda Scammahorn, Samantha Houchlei, Hunter Williams and Melanie M Cooper*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0127410.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01274https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01274","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of the COVID pandemic on student learning is still being felt more than two years after most classes returned to face-to-face instruction. In this study we investigate how the pandemic and the subsequent return to in-person instruction in an organic chemistry course impacted student performance on a pair of tasks for which we have historical data from pre-COVID courses. These tasks require students to draw mechanisms and predict products for two reactions: (1) a familiar reaction that students have been explicitly taught and (2) a reaction that requires students to use their knowledge to predict how an unfamiliar starting material will behave Analysis of the student responses for the familiar task showed that the 2022 (COVID cohort did not perform as well as in earlier studies), but by spring 2023 post COVID students had returned to a more normal pattern of performance that aligned well with our historical pre-COVID data (2018). In contrast, for the historically more difficult unfamiliar reaction, there was no significant difference among the cohorts’ ability to draw a plausible mechanism and predict a product over the three years of the study. That is there appeared to be a cadre of students who were able to complete this task despite the stress of a pandemic and changing instructional modalities. However, the percentage of students who were able to complete this unfamiliar task is typically less than 50% of the total. The implications of these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 5","pages":"1755–1764 1755–1764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemistry Education for Climate Empowerment and Action 化学教育促进气候赋权和行动

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c0030610.1021/acs.jchemed.5c00306

Glenn A. Hurst, Denise Quiroz-Martínez and Jane E. Wissinger*,

{"title":"Chemistry Education for Climate Empowerment and Action","authors":"Glenn A. Hurst, Denise Quiroz-Martínez and Jane E. Wissinger*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c0030610.1021/acs.jchemed.5c00306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c00306https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c00306","url":null,"abstract":"Urgent action is needed across the world to combat climate change and its impact on the social, economic, and environmental well-being of humans and the planet. This important topic is one that is a priority for integration into chemistry classrooms, laboratories, and outreach efforts. It connects strongly to foundational chemistry concepts and highlights the critical role chemistry will play in finding solutions to the many challenges faced in reducing greenhouse gases due to human activity. This Special Issue presents a broad collection of efforts by chemistry educators across the globe to create innovative ways to motivate and inspire students and preservice teachers with the relevant chemistry knowledge, climate literacy, and scientific responsibility needed for climate action. A range of interactive tools, active-learning methodologies, and interdisciplinary approaches provide a wealth of resources for a broad range of teaching environments and ideas for instructors seeking to incorporate climate education and instill advocacy into chemistry programs.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 4","pages":"1349–1351 1349–1351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Simple [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reaction that Proceeds in an NMR Tube Illuminated by Daylight 一个简单的[2 + 2]光环加成反应在日光照射下的核磁共振管中进行

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0145610.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01456

Thomas Doig, Yuanyuan Du, Tomas Lebl, Meiyue Liu, Fraser Mealyou, Iain L. J. Patterson, Jasmine Rainer, Ryan Walker and Iain A. Smellie*,

{"title":"A Simple [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reaction that Proceeds in an NMR Tube Illuminated by Daylight","authors":"Thomas Doig, Yuanyuan Du, Tomas Lebl, Meiyue Liu, Fraser Mealyou, Iain L. J. Patterson, Jasmine Rainer, Ryan Walker and Iain A. Smellie*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0145610.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01456https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01456","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a simple and small-scale procedure that demonstrates the use of daylight to promote a photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. Previous related experimental protocols used in teaching laboratories have been focused on the preparation of “Cookson’s ketone” (pentacyclo-[5.4.0.02,6.03,10.05,9]undecane-8,11-dione). These approaches require an initial Diels–Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene and 1,4-benzoquinone, followed by an ultraviolet (UV) light-promoted intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. This Laboratory Experiment highlights an alternative approach, where an analogue of Cookson’s ketone is readily prepared on a small scale from a stable diene and the photochemical [2 + 2] reaction proceeds in an NMR tube illuminated by daylight. The synthesis and NMR experiments described have been used in an advanced-level university laboratory course as an example of photochemical synthesis and use of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy to monitor reaction progress.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 5","pages":"2087–2095 2087–2095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visualizing Ruby Emission Decay Lifetime with Slow-Motion Digital Cameras: A Demonstration for Students 用慢动作数码相机可视化红宝石发射衰减寿命：学生示范

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0152910.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01529

Dinesh Dhankhar*,

{"title":"Visualizing Ruby Emission Decay Lifetime with Slow-Motion Digital Cameras: A Demonstration for Students","authors":"Dinesh Dhankhar*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0152910.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01529https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01529","url":null,"abstract":"This short article describes a safe way of observing the emission decay from a ruby crystal using a photographic flash. This demonstration does not require the use of lasers and can be easily and safely performed in a classroom or a home setting. The ruby sample was optically excited with a short-duration photographic flash, and the subsequent relaxation of the excited state population through intermediate metastable states was monitored using three different types of slow-motion digital cameras. Monitoring the recorded video frames allowed visualization of the population decay kinetics. In addition, the measurement of frame intensities allowed for the computation of the excited state lifetime and decay rate constant. This demonstration can be utilized in several different chemical education courses at the advanced high school or undergraduate level, for example, in the courses that involve concepts related to photochemical reaction kinetics, flash photolysis, lasers, etc.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 5","pages":"2252–2258 2252–2258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01529","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Pollutant’s Tale: An Interactive Talk on the Chemistry of the Earth’s Climate and Its Response to Pollutants 污染物的故事：关于地球气候化学及其对污染物的反应的互动谈话

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0053210.1021/acs.jchemed.4c00532

Timothy G. Harrison, Michael T. Davies-Coleman, Alison C. Rivett, M. Anwar H. Khan, Joyce D. Sewry, Magdalena Wajrak, Nicholas M. Barker, Jonny Furze, Sophie D. Franklin, Linda Sellou, Naomi K. R. Shallcross and Dudley E. Shallcross*,

引用次数: 0

Becoming Aware of Endangered and Critical Elements: Spent Batteries as Metal Mines 意识到濒危和关键元素：废电池作为金属矿山

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0153510.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01535

Maria Paola Botta, Bruno Attinà, Mauro Ravera and Elisabetta Gabano*,

引用次数: 0

Bioleaching of Rare Earth Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors Using Kombucha 康普茶对稀土荧光灯荧光粉的生物浸出

IF 2.5 3区教育学

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0153210.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01532

Alexander Paul Fritz, Lena Josefine Daumann and Stefan Schwarzer*,

{"title":"Bioleaching of Rare Earth Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors Using Kombucha","authors":"Alexander Paul Fritz, Lena Josefine Daumann and Stefan Schwarzer*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c0153210.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01532https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01532","url":null,"abstract":"Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical for modern technologies but are rarely recycled, with less than 1% recovered from waste products. Yttrium, a key component in fluorescent lamps and light emitting diodes, poses particular recycling challenges despite its high concentration in such materials. Here, we present an innovative bioleaching approach for yttrium recovery using the fermented tea beverage Kombucha in the context of science communication and outreach. Kombucha contains organic acid producing microorganisms, which can mobilize yttrium from a model phosphor mixture. In this experiment, high school students prepare Kombucha, mix it with phosphor powder, and allow bioleaching to occur over 7 to 14 days. The dissolved yttrium is then precipitated as yttrium oxalate using oxalic acid and thermally converted back to yttrium oxide. Yields of yttrium oxide ranged from 7% to 13%, depending on the maturity of the Kombucha culture and the experimental conditions. This model experiment enables students to understand bioleaching as a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical extraction, illustrating its advantages such as reduced environmental impact and energy use. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of bioleaching to improve the recycling of critical materials such as yttrium, aligning with circular economy goals.","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":"102 5","pages":"2096–2102 2096–2102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c01532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0