{"title":"Assessment of sample pre-treatment strategies to mitigate matrix effects for microplastics analysis using thermoanalytical techniques","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The establishment of regulatory thresholds for microplastic concentrations is increasingly recognized as imperative. Therefore, an accurate identification and quantification process is required to ensure the reliability of the measured values when thermonalytical methods were applied. However, the urge for accuracy is hampered by observable matrix effects. Thus, our review aims to assess a spectrum of matrix effect mitigation strategies and finally to propose an analytical workflow that combines the advantages of diverse mitigation approaches. By addressing this topic, our article seeks to contribute to advance the comparability for microplastics analysis and facilitate the establishment of robust regulatory measures. With the analytical workflow proposed in our study, a wide range of matrix effects can be avoided. This can potentially lead to a more accurate analysis. The more accurate analysis allows the determination of realistic environmental concentrations which could lead to more accurate toxicity tests and the establishment of suitable regulatory thresholds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical sensing of human hormones","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Harmones are vital components of human body since they regulate many biological functions. Therefore, their detection and monitoring is crucial since their imbalance can cause many diseases. Electrochemical sensing is widely used for the detection of human harmones. This review summarizes recent developments in electrochemical sensing for human hormones detection. The strengths and limitations of electrochemical sensing based techniques to detect hormones are discussed. Electrochemical immunosensing of hormones requires biorecognition elements such as antibodies and enzymes. These methods can monitor hormones in standard solutions and real biofluids i.e., serum, plasma, blood, saliva, sweat, and urine. Electrochemical sensors have been developed to many detect hormones such as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), parathyroid-hormone (PTH), cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone (P4), testosterone, estriol (E3), melatonin, insulin, norepinephrine, and miscellaneous hormones. The sensing materials, sensing modalities, linearity, stability, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) of fabricated sensors in hormone detection are described. The gaps, bottlenecks, and necessary initiatives in hormone detection are highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in optical biosensing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful biosensing technique that combines molecular fingerprint specificity with high sensitivity, detecting trace amounts using plasmonic-based metallic nanostructured sensor platforms. SERS strategies include direct and indirect, as well as targeted and untargeted methods, depending on sample complexity and target analyte affinity. The development of SERS platforms, such as microfluidic environments, lab-on-a-fiber approaches, and paper-based immunoassays, aims at creating portable systems for point-of-care use in clinical and non-lab settings. Combining SERS with other techniques enhances measurement conditions, miniaturization, and sensitivity. This review summarizes key analytical applications of SERS in biosensing, including medicine, clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food quality assessment, and biological studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polymeric membrane supports in electromembrane extraction: An overview of various options, methodologies, and modifications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromembrane extraction (EME) has emerged as a novel, versatile and efficient approach for sample preparation, widely applied across various scientific fields. Given the economic and industrial drive for maximum efficiency, the membrane in EME systems, a crucial part of the process, has been extensively studied. This has led to the development of multiple membrane formats, fabrication techniques, and modification approaches. The introduction and application of novel EME systems are particularly highlighted for complex analytes or samples, where maximum purification, recovery or elimination is desired. Additionally, EME offers significant advantages in reducing operation time and cost, making it particularly valuable in addressing environmental concerns. This review summarises the various membrane options, such as hollow fibers, flat sheets, polymer inclusions, and gel membranes, discussing their conventional fabrication methods with an emphasis on the advantages and general specifications of each. <span>Furthermore</span>, the review explores membrane modification approaches for improving <span>EME</span> performance, including solvent and polymeric support modifications, outlining specific applications, benefits, and future prospects. Challenges and limitations of these membrane options are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cutting-edge progress in carbon nanomaterial-functionalized silver nanoparticles for enhanced optical and electrochemical sensing applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanomaterials and metal nanoparticles have garnered significant attention in many different fields due to their low toxicity, photo/chemical stability, biocompatibility, tunability, and outstanding optical properties. Recently, the functionalization of silver nanoparticles with carbon nanomaterials (CNMs/AgNPs) has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing sensing applications owing to the acquisition of new properties, such as physicochemical, mechanical, electrical, and optical characteristics. This review article provides an overview of the various types, synthesis methods, and characterization techniques of CNMs/AgNPs, and outlines the advantages, limitations, and diverse sensing applications of these nanocomposites. It also delves into the variety of employed sensing mechanisms, such as electrochemical modulation, fluorescence enhancement or quenching, and surface plasmon resonance. Additionally, future perspectives and emerging trends in CNMs/AgNPs are discussed. This review is expected to serve as a valuable reference for researchers and scientists interested in exploring the potential of CNMs/AgNPs for advanced sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infrared and Raman spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometric methods in questioned document analysis: Forensic applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The manipulation of documents remains a common tool for fraudulent activities, encompassing disputed signatures, threatening letters, counterfeit currency, false medical documents, cloned cheques, and forged security documents. With technological advancements, document creation has evolved from manual handwriting to computer-generated formats, employing various devices such as printers, photocopiers, scanners, and multifunctional devices globally. Forensic document examiners grapple with these challenges, and ongoing efforts are dedicated to addressing them. This study provides a comprehensive review of publications from the past decade, focusing on dating studies, ink and paper analysis, examination of writing and printing inks, ink analysis of questioned documents, and research on intersecting lines. The central emphasis lies on the utilization of Infrared and Raman spectroscopy within the domain of Vibrational spectroscopy. The review also highlights current trends, major challenges, and the effective application of chemometric approaches in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of living systems for clinical diagnostics by monitoring volatile chemicals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted via exhaled breath and bodily fluids are indicative of a diseased state within the body and have the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool. The study of VOCs in disease detection is a concept that has seen excellent engineering progress recently, namely via developments of electronic noses that aim to replicate biological olfactory principles through cross-selective electrode arrays and sensors. However, there has yet to be an engineered device that can capture the full breadth, sensitivity, and versatility of biological olfaction. This review summarizes common principles in biological olfaction and provides an overview of recent techniques to incorporate living systems for VOC detection. We discuss the recent advances, strengths, and weaknesses of all three types of living systems-based disease detection approach, which include a) olfactory behavioral detection, b) bioelectronic noses and c) ‘cyborg’ biosensors for disease detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface to the special issue: Disinfection byproducts","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117982","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular characterization of atmospheric organic aerosols: Contemporary applications of high-resolution mass spectrometry","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in the molecular characterization of atmospheric organic aerosols by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) have significantly enhanced our understanding of atmospheric chemistry and its environmental implications. This perspective review manuscript showcases the contemporary applications of HRMS methodologies in both field and laboratory studies of organic aerosols. Structured into three sections, the review begins with investigations utilizing ultrahigh mass resolving power to explore the precursors and formation mechanisms of organosulfur, organophosphorus, and other multifunctional species within organic aerosol mixtures. The second section discusses novel applications for understanding the atmospheric chemistry of brown carbon, facilitating the classification of brown carbon chromophores and quantifying their contributions to light absorption. The third section highlights studies on the gas-particle partitioning of organic aerosol components, examining their composition and viscosity. The manuscript concludes by discussing future research directions in this field, highlighting ongoing advancements and potential areas for further exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine learning-assisted identification of environmental pollutants by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2024.117988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical exposure can be linked with various adverse effects, but the causal association is still poorly understood. To meet the challenge, non-target screening (NTS) based on liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is increasingly applied to identify known and unknown chemicals with toxicological concerns present in environmental and biological samples. In this review, we highlight that the integration of predictive toxicology in NTS workflows enables large-scale screening for emerging chemical contaminants. We summarize the applications of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in toxicity prediction with a focus on biological pathway perturbation and LC-HRMS data processing, especially in peak picking and molecular structure elucidation. The substantial progress in computational approaches allows for identifying and prioritizing emerging chemical contaminants with improved accuracy, reproducibility, and efficacy. ML and DL will become next-generation informatics tools in NTS workflows to better characterize exposure to environmental pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}