Trends in Analytical Chemistry最新文献

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Dopamine-based molecularly imprinted polymers: Synthesis strategies, biomedical applications, and future perspectives 基于多巴胺的分子印迹聚合物:合成策略、生物医学应用和未来展望
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118481
Ruilan Zhang, Zhihao Sun, Chenxu Zhu, Meiping Zhao
{"title":"Dopamine-based molecularly imprinted polymers: Synthesis strategies, biomedical applications, and future perspectives","authors":"Ruilan Zhang,&nbsp;Zhihao Sun,&nbsp;Chenxu Zhu,&nbsp;Meiping Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged as powerful artificial recognition platforms in the fields of separation science, chemical sensing, drug delivery, and biocatalysis, offering unparalleled tailor-made specificity and affinity for target molecules. Among various functional materials, dopamine-based MIPs have garnered exceptional attention in recent years due to their unique combination of advantageous physicochemical properties, including facile and controllable polymerization under mild conditions; rich interfacial interactions through diverse functional groups; excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability; and versatile secondary functionalization capabilities. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes and critically analyzes the latest advances in dopamine-based MIPs, with particular focus on innovative design strategies and their cutting-edge biomedical applications. Emphasis is also placed on the long-standing challenges of dopamine in molecular imprinting, and future perspectives on next-generation materials based on dopamine-based MIPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118481"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Engineering semiconductor metal oxide nanostructures for chemiresistive gas sensors in early warning of battery thermal runaway 工程半导体金属氧化物纳米结构用于化学阻性气体传感器的电池热失控预警
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118480
Ping Li , Zizheng Wang , Youyou Feng , Xinyu Liao , Yonghui Deng , Jing Wei
{"title":"Engineering semiconductor metal oxide nanostructures for chemiresistive gas sensors in early warning of battery thermal runaway","authors":"Ping Li ,&nbsp;Zizheng Wang ,&nbsp;Youyou Feng ,&nbsp;Xinyu Liao ,&nbsp;Yonghui Deng ,&nbsp;Jing Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries poses significant safety challenges, often resulting in catastrophic fire and explosion incidents. Despite advancements in battery technology, the accurate detection and early warning of such events remain unresolved. This review examines the potential of semiconductor metal oxide (SMO)-based chemiresistive gas sensors to address critical battery safety challenges. Firstly, it describes the types of gases produced during battery thermal runaway (<em>e.g.</em>, H<sub>2</sub>, CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>) and their production mechanisms. Secondly, it highlights recent progress in designing and functionalizing SMOs for gas detection purposes, including heteroatom doping, noble metal loading, heterostructure construction, and light-induced excitation. Thirdly, it discusses the sensing performance of different characteristic gases during battery thermal runaway. Finally, it explores the integration of SMO materials onto MEMS sensors and the utilization of machine learning in gas sensing applications to enhance real-time safety monitoring in battery systems. This review underscores the urgent need for efficient and reliable semiconductor metal oxide sensors strategically integrated into battery management systems to mitigate thermal runaway risks. Future advances will hinge on enhancing sensing performance (<em>e.g.</em>, selectivity, long-term stability) while coupling SMO sensors with machine learning to enable practical and intelligent early-warning capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118480"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photoactivation/regulation of CRISPR systems: From in vitro diagnosis to in vivo gene manipulation CRISPR系统的光激活/调控:从体外诊断到体内基因操作
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118477
Hao Jiang, Yulin Deng, Junyuan Yang, Anyi Li, Xiaoqiong Li, Xuefei Lv
{"title":"Photoactivation/regulation of CRISPR systems: From in vitro diagnosis to in vivo gene manipulation","authors":"Hao Jiang,&nbsp;Yulin Deng,&nbsp;Junyuan Yang,&nbsp;Anyi Li,&nbsp;Xiaoqiong Li,&nbsp;Xuefei Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CRISPR technology has extensive applications in the biomedical field, whether in <em>in vitro</em> molecular diagnosis or <em>in vivo</em> gene manipulation. However, CRISPR is not acme of perfection. On the one hand, when CRISPR is used in combination with isothermal amplification for nucleic acid detection, the detection performance will be reduced due to the competition between CRISPR and isothermal amplification. On the other hand, CRISPR lacks an effective and controllable regulatory approach in genetic manipulation. Light, with its non-invasive, low-damage and high-precision spatiotemporal control capabilities, provides an ideal solution for addressing these issues. In this review, the technical basis of light-regulated CRISPR, including the types and characteristics of photocage groups, as well as the light-regulated modification methods of nucleic acids and proteins, was introduced. Further, the application of this technology in <em>in vitro</em> diagnosis (such as in combination with isothermal amplification techniques) and <em>in vivo</em> manipulation (such as gene editing, transcriptional expression regulation, model construction and cancer treatment) was summarized. Finally, the future development directions such as optimizing the performance of photosensitive groups, breaking through the bottleneck of technical compatibility, enhancing the accuracy of spatio-temporal control, and expanding cross-disciplinary applications were looked forward to.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118477"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine learning-integrated lateral flow assays: Unlocking the future of intelligent point-of-care sensing 机器学习集成横向流量分析:解锁智能护理点传感的未来
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118478
Elangovan Sarathkumar, Ramapurath S. Jayasree
{"title":"Machine learning-integrated lateral flow assays: Unlocking the future of intelligent point-of-care sensing","authors":"Elangovan Sarathkumar,&nbsp;Ramapurath S. Jayasree","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lateral flow assays (LFAs) have evolved from simple, rapid tests into sophisticated platforms capable of high-sensitivity biomarker detection. Advanced formats such as nanozyme-based, fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and electrochemical LFAs now offer unprecedented analytical capabilities but also produce complex signal outputs that challenge traditional interpretation methods. This raises a critical question on which computational strategies can unlock their full potential. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) provide powerful solutions, enabling automated, quantitative, and intelligent analysis. In this review, we critically assess the suitability of different ML algorithms for each LFA format, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and implementation considerations. Unlike broader reviews on point-of-care diagnostics, our work focuses exclusively on LFAs, illustrating how ML can enhance sensitivity, minimise user dependency, enable multiplexing, and support real-world deployment. By addressing challenges of data variability, standardization gaps as well as integration into regulatory and healthcare frameworks, we outline the role of ML in shaping robust, next-generation intelligent LFA platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118478"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nanoscale spectroscopic rulers for advanced sensing: From single-molecule detection to intelligent biosensors 用于高级传感的纳米尺度光谱尺:从单分子检测到智能生物传感器
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118476
Jinping Zhang , Yujiao Zhu , Yiqian Fu , Zunyi Qian , Wenjian Wu , Xiu-Hong Wang
{"title":"Nanoscale spectroscopic rulers for advanced sensing: From single-molecule detection to intelligent biosensors","authors":"Jinping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yujiao Zhu ,&nbsp;Yiqian Fu ,&nbsp;Zunyi Qian ,&nbsp;Wenjian Wu ,&nbsp;Xiu-Hong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biosensing field is transitioning from micro-to nanoscale resolution, overcoming limitations of optical diffraction, labeling artifacts, and ensemble averaging. Nanoscale spectroscopic rulers leverage quantum-scale mechanisms, including near-field coupled energy transfer (FRET/NSET/PRET) and localized field enhancement (LSPR/SERS), to achieve Ångström-level resolution, single-molecule sensitivity, and live-cell compatibility. Breakthroughs like smFRET (sub-nm distance mapping), NEST (extended range), and Long-Range SERS (label-free detection) redefine biosensing boundaries. These technologies synergize with AI-driven analysis and multimodal integration, enabling real-time tracking of molecular conformations and transient interactions. Such advances are catalyzing transformative applications in precision medicine, neuroscience, and synthetic biology. This review systematically analyzes the design principles, technological evolution, and cross-disciplinary applications of nanoscale spectroscopic rulers, offering a roadmap for next-generation intelligent biosensor development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118476"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Raman stable isotope probing (SIP): A novel bio-analytical tool 拉曼稳定同位素探测(SIP):一种新的生物分析工具
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118475
Jiro Karlo , Rishikesh Pandey , Surya Pratap Singh
{"title":"Raman stable isotope probing (SIP): A novel bio-analytical tool","authors":"Jiro Karlo ,&nbsp;Rishikesh Pandey ,&nbsp;Surya Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Raman spectroscopy is a versatile non-destructive analytical technique that involves minimal sample preparation to assess the biomolecular compositions from a wide range of biological samples, making it a powerful adjunct tool in multiomics. However, getting the precise quantitative information about these biomolecules is still challenging. In this review, we discuss the theoretical aspects, experimentation strategy, and applications of Raman spectroscopy combined with stable isotopes of bioessential elements such as carbon-13, hydrogen-2 (deuterium), nitrogen-15, and oxygen-18 for multiomics. This technology has been termed as Raman stable isotope probing (Raman SIP) and can be used for the detection and mapping of biomolecules, distribution of biomolecules, and tracking biological pathways in action. This review covers a wide variety of applications of the Raman SIP method highlighting Raman peaks specific to biomolecules probed with different isotopes. We have also covered the current technical limitations and future perspectives of this approach in biomolecule detection and monitoring, and the possibility of addressing it in the future. This review will also take readers' interests to the possible unexplored domains of Raman SIP for broader adoptions in the chemical biology, and analytical biochemistry fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118475"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current status of research on chemical warfare agent detection technology 化学战剂探测技术的研究现状
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118474
Zhehao Zhang , Lijia Zhang , Yulin Li , Kun Song , Yunhui Meng , Xiaobai Li , Shilong Yang , Hongwei Ma
{"title":"Current status of research on chemical warfare agent detection technology","authors":"Zhehao Zhang ,&nbsp;Lijia Zhang ,&nbsp;Yulin Li ,&nbsp;Kun Song ,&nbsp;Yunhui Meng ,&nbsp;Xiaobai Li ,&nbsp;Shilong Yang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are a class of highly toxic chemicals. They are often classified into different categories because of distinctions in their toxic effects. Although the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993 banned the use of chemical weapons, the ease of manufacture and lethality of CWAs make them still a threat. Therefore, the development of rapid, accurate and sensitive detection techniques for CWAs is essential. This paper reviews the types of CWAs and their mechanisms of toxicity, introduces the use of CWAs mimics, and discusses in detail the mainstream CWAs detection techniques in recent years, including detection by Chemical Analysis Instrument, Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS), Electrochemistry, Fluorescence, Colorimetry, and Chemiresistor. Each of these technologies has its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, portability and detection speed, etc. Meanwhile, this paper lists as well as analyzes the condition of CWAs detection equipment that have been put into commercial application in recent years. Finally, this paper provides an outlook on the future development of the application of CWAs detection technology in public safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118474"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dual-photoelectrode self-powered photoelectrochemical sensors 双光电极自供电光电电化学传感器
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118471
Kheibar Dashtian , Forough Zahedpour , Amin Foroozandeh , Majid Abdouss , Shaaker Hajati , Mojdeh Golzani
{"title":"Dual-photoelectrode self-powered photoelectrochemical sensors","authors":"Kheibar Dashtian ,&nbsp;Forough Zahedpour ,&nbsp;Amin Foroozandeh ,&nbsp;Majid Abdouss ,&nbsp;Shaaker Hajati ,&nbsp;Mojdeh Golzani","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of advanced photoelectrodes and innovative signal amplification strategies holds significant promise for achieving high sensitivity in photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis. Notably, dual-photoelectrode self-powered PEC sensors represent a significant advancement in biosensor technology, offering enhanced sensitivity, lower detection limits, and greater resistance to interference. By incorporating both a photoanode and photocathode within a PEC system, these sensors eliminate the need for external power sources while enhancing signal stability. Their design facilitates efficient electron transfer and superior photoelectric conversion, making them particularly well-suited for portable, cost-effective applications in environmental monitoring, clinical diagnostics, and food safety. This novel approach addresses the limitations of traditional PEC sensors, paving the way for high-performance analytical tools that can be used in real-world scenarios. This review first explores the latest advancements in the development of dual-photoelectrode self-powered PEC sensors. It then provides a detailed summary and discussion of the various types of these sensors, focusing on their current output, power generation capabilities, and potential applications. Additionally, dual-photoelectrode systems are categorized based on their photoactive materials, emphasizing the importance of finding a suitable Fermi energy level difference between the photoanode and photocathode materials to serve as the driving force. A systematic comparison of these materials is also provided, and current developments identify the primary challenges that must be addressed. This comprehensive overview provides valuable insights into the current state of dual-photoelectrode self-powered PEC sensors, promoting the development of rapid, portable, and miniaturized detection devices that can operate without external power sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118471"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toward accurate olefin quantification in plastic waste oils: Analytical strategies and future directions 塑料废油中烯烃的精确定量:分析策略和未来方向
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118463
Miloš Auersvald , Genesis Barzallo , Hung Gieng , Jyotika Patel , Ananya Sharma , Kevin M. Van Geem , Petr Straka , Petr Vozka
{"title":"Toward accurate olefin quantification in plastic waste oils: Analytical strategies and future directions","authors":"Miloš Auersvald ,&nbsp;Genesis Barzallo ,&nbsp;Hung Gieng ,&nbsp;Jyotika Patel ,&nbsp;Ananya Sharma ,&nbsp;Kevin M. Van Geem ,&nbsp;Petr Straka ,&nbsp;Petr Vozka","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global production of plastic waste exceeds 400 million tons annually, driving interest in chemical recycling processes like pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction. These technologies generate hydrocarbon-rich oils with high olefin content, offering valorization opportunities but also presenting challenges for storage stability and upgrading. Accurate quantification of olefins in these complex mixtures remains a major analytical bottleneck. This review critically examines established and emerging methods for olefin analysis, including titration, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, chromatographic approaches (1D-GC, GC × GC, HPLC), and selective strategies such as silver-ion complexation, chemical derivatization, and low-energy ionization mass spectrometry. We emphasize the limitations of standardized techniques and the potential of advanced approaches, particularly GC × GC-VUV and soft ionization MS, for enhanced selectivity and sensitivity. Finally, we highlight persistent gaps in method validation, standardization, and isomer discrimination, and propose research directions to improve analytical accuracy, reproducibility, and applicability to the complex matrices found in plastic-derived oils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118463"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Direct RNA modification mapping: Technological advances, gaps, and emerging trends 直接RNA修饰制图:技术进步、差距和新趋势
IF 12 1区 化学
Trends in Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118465
Xinqi Kang , Alexandre Goyon , William Stephenson , Kelly Zhang
{"title":"Direct RNA modification mapping: Technological advances, gaps, and emerging trends","authors":"Xinqi Kang ,&nbsp;Alexandre Goyon ,&nbsp;William Stephenson ,&nbsp;Kelly Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mapping RNA modifications is essential for elucidating biological pathways and ensuring the quality and safety of therapeutic RNAs. This review critically examines current and emerging technologies for mapping RNA modifications by direct RNA sequencing. Top-down mass spectrometry (MS) is preferred for short RNAs, whereas bottom-up MS suits longer ones. Recent developments in multidimensional liquid chromatography (MD-LC-MS) and online digestion techniques have improved sample throughput while reducing sample requirements. However, the commercialization of only a few nucleases and the scarcity of suitable software packages have long impeded full sequence coverage and untargeted analysis. Nanopore sequencing excels in untargeted, long-read analysis of RNA modifications. The accuracy of nanopore sequencing is limited, and modification-aware basecallers require large data sets for training and powerful computational tools for analysis. Further research is needed to harness the full potential of the technologies in mapping RNA modifications and possibly elucidating RNA structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 118465"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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