{"title":"Mass spectrometry imaging techniques for characterization of novel battery materials","authors":"Yacong Liu , Yong Li , Qian Liu , Guibin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of novel batteries is crucial for achieving net-zero emissions. However, challenges remain in optimizing materials and understanding degradation mechanisms. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) offers a powerful solution with its versatility, high sensitivity, label-free, and ability to avoid complex sample pretreatment. This review summarizes recent applications of MSI techniques—secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI-MSI), desorption electrospray ionization (DESI-MSI), and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)—in studying lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, solid-state batteries, and solar cells. These methods enable detailed characterization of electrodes, electrolytes, and interface reactions, facilitating material optimization, interface design, and analysis of aging/failure mechanisms. By providing spatially resolved chemical data, MSI supports the development of safer, more efficient batteries while enabling environmental monitoring and tracing of battery-derived materials. This technology thus underpins sustainable battery innovation, driving the green transition of energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118339"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peng Shen , Yunyun Ji , Liang Ma , Jixin Feng , Yiferng Li , Chengwei Song , Fan Yang , Xianghui Wang , Fei Fan , Shengjiang Chang
{"title":"Advances in terahertz biochemical sensing analysis: metasensor enhancement, multi-parameter characterization, and nanomaterial modification","authors":"Peng Shen , Yunyun Ji , Liang Ma , Jixin Feng , Yiferng Li , Chengwei Song , Fan Yang , Xianghui Wang , Fei Fan , Shengjiang Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terahertz (THz) spectrum features low photon energy and non-ionization, and supports weak molecular interaction and macromolecular vibration within its range, making it especially suitable for rapid, sensitive, and non-destructive biochemical molecular sensing. However, it still has certain limitations in recognizing the configurations and conformations of some chiral molecules. Therefore, it is necessary to combine polarization and chiral spectrum for sensing characterization to obtain relevant information comprehensively and accurately. In this review, we delve into the metasensor, involving the multi-parameter sensing characterization strategy beyond the traditional amplitude/frequency detection dimension, and integrating the nanomaterial modification technologies like graphene and metal nanoparticles to build a composite metasensor system. We focus on the sensing application of the THz spectrum in various biochemical substances based on metasensor enhancement, multi-parameter characterization, and nanomaterial modification. Besides, the development trend and challenges of THz metasensors are prospected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118342"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean-Michel Roger , Valeria Fonseca Diaz , Ramin Nikzad-Langerodi
{"title":"Cloning instruments, model maintenance and calibration transfer","authors":"Jean-Michel Roger , Valeria Fonseca Diaz , Ramin Nikzad-Langerodi","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most literature on the application of Non-Destructive Spectral Sensors (NDSS) reports proofs of concept limited to model calculation (calibration) and its application on a so-called independent data set (validation, or test). However, developing NDSS also requires proving that the performance obtained during this first validation remains valid when conditions change. This generic problem is referred to as robustness in chemometrics. When the measurement conditions change, the measured spectrum is subject to a deviation. The reproducibility of the model, and thus of the sensor, with respect to this deviation, defines its robustness. The application of NDSS involves a large number of processes, and thus deviation sources. Instrument cloning, between laboratory instruments or from a benchtop to an online device, is certainly the most concerning issue for deploying NDSS-based applications. This problem has been studied for many years in chemometrics, under the paradigm of calibration transfer, through geometric corrections of spectra, spectral spaces, or calibration model corrections. The same problem has been addressed in the machine learning community under the domain adaptation paradigm. Although all these issues have been addressed separately over the last twenty years, they all fall under the same topic, i.e., model maintenance under dataset shift. This paper aims to provide a vocabulary of concepts for formalizing the calibration model maintenance problem, reviewing recent developments on the subject, and categorizing prior work according to the proposed concepts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118319"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiuer Luo , Cheuk Chi A. Ng , Henry Hei Ning Lam , Zhong-Ping Yao
{"title":"Advances in protein sequencing: Techniques, challenges and prospects","authors":"Xiuer Luo , Cheuk Chi A. Ng , Henry Hei Ning Lam , Zhong-Ping Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proteins are major building blocks of life, which are the principal undertakers of life activities. The protein components and distribution of a cell or an organ can give us lots of key information to understand the biological process in human life as well as diagnose diseases. Protein sequencing can determine individual proteins’ sequences, structures, and post-translational modifications, deliver detailed insights into protein-protein interactions and functions, which lead to advances such as characterization of disease biomarkers and personalized medicine, transforming our comprehension of complex biological systems. While conventional methods such as Edman degradation and mass spectrometry are being enhanced by integrating with other techniques, emerging sequencing approaches such as DNA point accumulation in nanoscale topology (DNA-PAINT), recognition tunneling and nanopore sequencing have advanced significantly, moving beyond the proof-of-concept stage and achieving notable progress recently. This review will examine these techniques, discuss the advancements and inherent challenges, such as sensitivity, sample complexity, and low abundance of protein sample, and propose some corresponding solutions. Finally, a forward-looking perspective on the future of protein sequencing, emphasizing the need for more sensitive and high-throughput methods, the integration of multi-omics data, the role of computational approaches, and the expansion of protein sequencing into new application domains will also be presented. This review will serve as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners, guiding future developments and applications in protein sequencing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118341"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tong-Tong Jia , Guohui Kang , Lirong Jiang , Zhaozhou Li , Rui Zhao , Jian-Hua Qin , Huawei Niu , Lu-Fang Ma
{"title":"Advances in small organic molecule fluorescent probes for formaldehyde detection and imaging in pathophysiological processes: A comprehensive review","authors":"Tong-Tong Jia , Guohui Kang , Lirong Jiang , Zhaozhou Li , Rui Zhao , Jian-Hua Qin , Huawei Niu , Lu-Fang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formaldehyde (FA), a crucial endogenous metabolite, participates in various biological processes, but its abnormal levels threaten health. Fluorescent probe technology, with its non-invasive nature, rapid response, and high sensitivity, provides an effective means for real-time monitoring of FA in living cells and animal models. Despite significant progress in fluorescent probes, challenges remain. Particularly for detecting FA in the brain, penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a challenge. Therefore, continuous innovation is needed to optimize probe design and synthesis, combined with advanced imaging technologies, to enhance performance. This review systematically summarizes the design strategies and recognition mechanisms of small organic molecule FA fluorescent probes in recent years and, for the first time, details their imaging applications in pathophysiological processes such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Looking ahead, we aim to promote the widespread use of fluorescent probes in pathophysiological research, providing valuable references for researchers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118338"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert G. Ewing , Elizabeth H. Denis , Shannon E. Schrader
{"title":"Vapor pressures of explosives and drugs","authors":"Robert G. Ewing , Elizabeth H. Denis , Shannon E. Schrader","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The vapor pressures of many explosive compounds and illicit drugs are extremely low relative to volatile organic compounds. Determining accurate vapor pressure values at ambient temperature can be difficult. Vapor pressure measurements at higher temperatures are often used with vapor pressure equations to extrapolate the vapor pressure to 25 °C. Many researchers have measured and reported vapor pressure values for explosives or drugs, and there can be large variations (orders of magnitude) in reported vapor pressure values. Advances in sensitivity of vapor detection technologies has enabled measurement of the vapor pressure of low-volatility compounds at lower temperatures resulting in updated vapor pressure values in the literature. Knowing accurate vapor pressures of compounds is important to understand the feasibility of detecting substances for a variety of security applications.</div><div>This review of experimentally-measured vapor pressures of explosives and drugs is intended to be a companion to the prior review in <em>TrAC</em> by Ewing et al. (2013). Updates are provided on reported vapor pressure values of various explosives since the prior review. The content is expanded to include some vapor pressure values of drugs with the same intent as to provide benchmark levels in estimating vapor concentrations that could be available for detection. Vapor pressure relationships traceable to the original citations, including the temperature ranges for the measurements, are compiled. After critical examination of the available data, the vapor pressure values at 25 °C are tabulated and summarized in a figure, which displays the relationship of vapor pressures between various explosives and drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118337"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in wearable and implantable electrochemical (bio)sensors for plant health monitoring","authors":"Narjiss Seddaoui, Fabiana Arduini","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2023, the World Economic Forum selected wearable plant sensors as one of the Top 10 Emerging Technologies, demonstrating that these smart analytical tools will be relevant in the next generation of agrifood practices. Considering the robustness, accuracy, and miniaturisation of electrochemical (bio)sensing tools, electrochemical-based plant sensors could be suitable devices to address the requirements for their advanced applications in the agrifood sector. This review deals with electrochemical (bio)sensors for monitoring agrochemicals, phytohormones, growth precursors, and stress biomarkers, using wearable and implantable configurations. The design and type of biocomponent and/or nanomaterial(s) used are reported, highlighting the analytical performances obtained on plants. The ongoing application of these analytical tools is discussed, and the future applications combined with Internet of Thing and Artificial Intelligence are envisioned, with the overriding aim to give an overall scenario related to plant electrochemical (bio)sensors for the next technologies in the agrifood sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118336"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liudmila Kartsova, Anastasiia Maliushevska, Aleksandra Adamova, Alina Ganieva
{"title":"Smart materials as modifiers of capillary electromigration methods in bioanalysis","authors":"Liudmila Kartsova, Anastasiia Maliushevska, Aleksandra Adamova, Alina Ganieva","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart materials-based polyfunctional capillary coatings used as stationary or pseudostationary phases significantly increase the capabilities of the capillary electromigration methods and provide separation, analysis, and on-line concentration of ionic, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and neutral analytes in one analytical cycle while implementing different separation mechanisms of the individual capillary electromigration methods. The review covers such topics as the use of micellar polymers, ionic liquids, oligosaccharides, metal-organic and covalent organic frameworks, molecularly imprinted polymers, nanoparticles, and other smart materials for the synthesis of capillary electrochromatography stationary phases and summarizes and comprehends existing approaches to the development of smart materials for electromigration techniques. The unique properties of smart materials are discussed in terms of implementing various modes of hydrophilic capillary electrochromatography and micellar electrokinetic chromatography, which significantly expands method's analytical limits. Particular attention is paid to the synergistic effect exhibited by the joint use of two or more smart materials in electrophoretic analysis. A special section is devoted to chiral electrophoretic and electrochromatographic separations in bioanalysis involving smart materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118335"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruibo Zhao , Yaru Li , Xinyue Li , Myunghee Kim , Xingjie Li , Shichun Pei , Shuli Man , Weipan Peng , Long Ma
{"title":"CRISPR/Cas-based SERS detection: A win-win integration towards real-world applications","authors":"Ruibo Zhao , Yaru Li , Xinyue Li , Myunghee Kim , Xingjie Li , Shichun Pei , Shuli Man , Weipan Peng , Long Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-associated nuclease (Cas) system has risen as a powerful tool for genome editing. Beyond its editing capabilities, CRISPR/Cas system has garnered significant interest in molecular diagnostics, especially for nucleic acid detection due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), reliant on plasmonic nanoparticles or nanostructures, was extensively employed in biosensing owing to its exceptional sensitivity and distinctive spectral bands. The integration of SERS with CRISPR/Cas technology led to the development of numerous biosensing approaches aimed at achieving ultra-sensitive detection. This review provided an overview of both the CRISPR/Cas and SERS technology, followed by a comprehensive summary of their combined application for nucleic acid detection. Furthermore, it delved into the current landscape of CRISPR/Cas-based SERS detection, addressing existing challenges and prospects for future advancements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118334"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jikai Wang , Ziyi Mo , Haitao Xie , Weiguo Wang , Suisui He , Jun Wang
{"title":"Advancements in the exploration and application of turbidimetric assays for biochemical analysis","authors":"Jikai Wang , Ziyi Mo , Haitao Xie , Weiguo Wang , Suisui He , Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trac.2025.118333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turbidimetric assays, esteemed for their simplicity, rapidity, cost-effectiveness, and high sensitivity, constitute a cornerstone of quantitative turbidity analysis. These assays have been extensively used in various fields, such as water quality assessments, pharmaceutical analyses, and biological investigations. The advent of novel reagents, instrument enhancements, and refined data processing techniques, has considerably broadened the application scope of turbidimetry. This manuscript provides a systematic review of turbidimetry's applications in quantifying biomarkers (e.g., blood and urinary proteins, enzymes), microbial loads, drug efficacy, biomolecular interactions, and ionic/molecular concentrations. Concurrently, it critically evaluates current limitations and outlines emerging trends poised to redefine the technological and methodological frontiers of turbidimetry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":439,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 118333"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}