European Journal of Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Adopting an Ecological Health Model to Harmful Alcohol Use in Nigeria’s Niger Delta","authors":"Prince Agwu, U. Okoye, Samuel O. Ebimgbo, U. Agbawodikeizu, I. Ijeoma","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Substance abuse has ravaged potentials and keeps clamping down on the stability of societies. It is increasingly becoming a social problem that demands sustainable remedies, particularly in Nigeria’s Niger Delta. This paper establishes a case for the utilisation of an ecological health model in dealing with harmful alcohol use in the region. What motivates the adoption of such a model is the fact that harmful alcohol use largely stems from nurture and can be remedied through same nurture. This paper adopted a case study research design using participant observation for data gathering, while using thematic analysis in organising and interpreting data.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"211-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44493550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum Anxiety and Intrapsychic Vulnerability Reflected by Early Maladaptive Schemas","authors":"J. Molnár, K. Kósa, Z. Fekete, Å. Münnich","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of postpartum anxiety is high and its negative consequences are significant. \u0000Most research studies have aimed at exploring the demographic and psychosocial risk factors \u0000while neglecting factors of intrapsychic vulnerability. The aim of our study is to examine postpartum \u0000anxiety from this aspect, that is, uncovering the early relational experiences of mothers, \u0000specifically regarding their early maladaptive schemas. \u0000Methods: 125 women participated in online data collection in the first year after giving birth. \u0000Maternal anxiety was measured with the postpartum version of STAI-S, while early maladaptive \u0000schemas were assessed with the Schema Questionnaire. \u0000Results: In terms of demographics, most of the mothers in our sample had middle-class characteristics, \u0000but 21.6% had clinical, and 34.4% had subclinical levels of anxiety. Our results confirmed \u0000a significant, direct effect of maladaptive schemas on postpartum anxiety in case of 13 of the 15 \u0000measured schemas. \u0000Discussion: This study draws attention to the intrapsychic vulnerability of mothers as a highly neglected \u0000etiological aspect of postpartum anxiety. Further research of intrapsychic and, especially, \u0000attachment-related vulnerability should be carried out to identify at-risk women and treat postpartum \u0000anxiety more adequately. \u0000Limitations: The sample consisted of highly educated, married women with planned children, so \u0000the results are not representative for mothers in general.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"70-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49241661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Long-Term Effects of Foetal Life and Birth: A Theoretical Approach","authors":"Kata Orosz, Zita Snagy","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"As the first normative crisis, birth might be the primal experience of change for every person. Current \u0000research shows that the foetus not only perceives what is happening to him/her in the perinatal \u0000period, but he/she even responds to it. Birth experiences and the subsequent reactions create patterns, \u0000which may activate again in later life situations. These patterns include physiological, behavioural, \u0000cognitive and emotional components, and they influence the personal development as well \u0000as the adult functioning and well-being. \u0000In this paper, we introduce our theory of the probable long-term effects of perinatal experiences. \u0000Our hypotheses are based on medical and epigenetics research findings, on current theories about \u0000the significance of the perinatal period and on our 22 years of psychotherapeutic experience. We \u0000discuss the effects of the perinatal experiences along the following four topics. According to our \u0000assumption, the perinatal experiences become the basic pattern (1) of how we cope with change, \u0000(2) of how we manage stress and losses, (3) of how we can bond with others, and (4) of what our \u0000attitude is towards touch and towards intimacy. However, the emergence and the functioning of \u0000these basic patterns are not rigid and schematic. They are also formed by the subsequent experiences \u0000during the entire life, and they can be corrected in any period of life. At the end of the paper \u0000we summarise the symptoms in adulthood, when psychotherapy might be recommended to process \u0000the traumatic perinatal experiences.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"38-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44595546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notions of Young Women without Children about Childbirth","authors":"Barbara Kisdi","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.13.2018.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.13.2018.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of the study was to find out what kind of imaginations and expectations of Hungarian \u0000young, childless women have about childbirth. In addition to mapping intentions and expectations, \u0000our questions focused on how they think about the circumstances, ways and types of childbirth and \u0000we asked them what they know about opportunities and procedures based on their previous experi - \u0000ences. \u0000Methods: In our university research we conducted a qualitative examination using the method of \u0000depth interviewing young women about their birth plans (n. 154, 18–35 years old). The selection \u0000of interviewees was randomly recruited from the circle of acquaintances of university students. \u0000The data collection took place during 2016. The study used content analysis. \u0000Results: In the case of randomly questioned women, the issue of the quality of birth is usually not \u0000part of either their primary or secondary socialisation. The source of imagination on childbirth is \u0000usually the media and negative family stories which describe birth as a dangerous and painful \u0000event and which mainly transform young women’s attitudes to pregnancy and childbirth. Accordingly, \u0000the majority of interviewees do not consider themselves competent in their own childbirths, \u0000and intend to rely essentially on external authority. \u0000Conclusions: On the basis of the examination it appears that the information obtained through formal \u0000and informal channels provide a rather distorted and unilateral image of the nature of childbirth, \u0000opportunities, and issues of competence, which do not facilitate real physical and psychological \u0000preparation for giving birth. This can influence the way and quality of birth-giving, the \u0000childbirth experience and, in the long run, the willingness to continue to have children.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"19-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44453674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Revised Version of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales for Labour and Delivery (MHLC-LD-R)","authors":"B. K. Thege, V. Sallay, B. Rafael, T. Martos","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of the present study was to develop and psychometrically investigate a revised version of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales for Labour and Delivery (MHLC-LD). The rationale for this development was the need to assess labour and delivery specific health-related control beliefs regardless of the respondent’s reproductive stage or role in giving birth (e.g., woman in reproductive age but not pregnant, expectant mother, support person, spouse, health care provider). Methods: Altogether, 991 women (M age = 26.45 years, SD = 5.42) completed the online survey, 767 (77.4%) of whom were pregnant. Beyond the newly developed, revised version of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales for Labour and Delivery (MHLC-LD-R), the test bat-tery included items measuring sociodemographic characteristics, self-rated health, general health-related control beliefs, attitudes toward certain birth-related issues, and level of fulfilment with regards to autonomy and competence needs. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses supported a three-factor solution representing internal-, chance-, and health care professional-related control beliefs. The internal consistency of each 4-item subscale was good. The analyses to test construct validity supported the convergent and divergent validity of the MHLC-LD-R dimensions. Conclusion : The MHLC-LD-R is an economic and psychometrically adequate tool to assess deliv-ery-related control beliefs regardless of the individual’s actual stage in the reproductive life cycle or role in giving birth. Further research is needed using the instrument with partners and other rele vant actors in the process of labour and delivery.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"5-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grandparenting: Created by Evolution Revised by History: Still in Use Today","authors":"V. Bóna","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The ageing of Western societies and its consequences have been long focused on by extended research. Taking care of the elderly is a heavy burden for the healthcare system, the social care system and for the families, and according to statistics and projections, more and more elderly people must be supported by less and less active employees. Our study approaches the issue of ageing from another perspective: what kind of advantages are provided by the presence of the elderly for the society, what kind of positive effects do they exert through their grandparent role on the families and the society they live in. A simultaneous trend, along with ageing, is the increasing postponement in childbearing and the decreasing fertility. By analysing the former studies and works we investigate whether more and more people are experiencing grandparenthood because of their lengthening lifespan enabling them to provide help and support for the family rearing children, or grandparenthood sets in in the life of the elderly in an age when they are physically and mentally limited. In the history of humanity the development of grandparenting was an important step in the spreading of the species by increasing the chances of survival. And though the natural environment has changed significantly, we are convinced that grandparenting can provide an answer for the challenges of the present era.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"82-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Factors Influencing Health Risk Behaviour of College Students in the Countries of the Carpathian Basin","authors":"Klára Kovács","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"An examination of the health behaviour of college students is important from several aspects. First, starting and continuing studies, being detached from the family and friends creates a new situation for students (G REEN et al. 2001), the decreasing of parental control may test the development of self-regulation of a young person. The chances of harmful forms of behaviour, especially binge drinking, increase among students (V ON A H et al. 2004; H UNT & E ISENBERG 2010; O' MALLEY & J OHNSTON 2002). In our study we intended to find out how individual and socio-economic factors influence the health risk behaviour (smoking, excessive use of alcohol and drugs) of higher education students in Central and Eastern European countries. For the analyses, we used a data base of the Centre for Higher Education Research and Development (CHERD-H) including the higher education institutions in the border regions of five countries (Hungary, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania and Serbia) (IESA 2015, N=2,017). Our results show that although the regions concerned share similar historical and cultural traditions, there are different factors influencing the health behaviour of students in the countries concerned. In general, we may state that, with the exception of Serbia, health risk behaviour is more characteristic of male students than of women. Subjective financial situation plays a role in health-risk behaviour of students in Hungary only. The social-partying way of life is a risk factor in almost all the regions concerned. Recreational activity is a protective factor in Hungary against substance use, as well as sport among the Subcarpathian students. Being familiar with the meaning of life is a protective factor for the students in the Partium and Transylvania. The level and different dimension of individual trust has an inconsistence influence in the specific countries.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"184-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Implications of Obstetric Care in Hungary: Results from the Mother-Centred Pregnancy Care Survey","authors":"I. Szebik, É. Susánszky, N. Rubashkin","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Informed consent plays an important role in clinical decision making. It is a basis of self determination in health care. In ideal situations health care professionals inform their patients about all relevant aspects of care and alternative care options, map the value system of the patients, and adjust the information process accordingly. Objectives: Our objective was to see the frequency of selected interventions (birth induction, caesarean section, episiotomy, forced supinal position during birth, and the consent process associated to these interventions. Methods : 1,257 women (with childbearing capacity) between the age of 18 and 45 with children under the age of 5 were surveyed online. Results: Caesarian section was done without permission in 10.2 % of women. Labour was inducted in 22.2 % of all deliveries and it was done without permission in 25.4 % . Episiotomy was done in 39.9% of women having vaginal delivery in the Sample 2 group and in 72.2% of women having vaginal delivery in the Sample 1 (representative) group. Women undergoing episiotomy were not asked for consent in 62.0 % in the Sample 1 group and in 57.1 % in the Sample 2 group. Freedom to choose labour position for women having vaginal birth was restricted in 65.7 % in the Sample 1 group and in 46% in the Sample 2 group. Discussion and Conclusions: We have found that the right of women to informed consent and best available treatment is frequently and seriously violated in obstetric practice in Hungary in the given period. These findings should serve as an important basis for improving the quality of maternity care.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"51-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hungarian Mysticism Scale and its Associations with Measures of Religiosity, Personality, and Cognitive Closure","authors":"V. Nagy, Anikó Herczeg-Kézdy, T. Martos, S. Urbán","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.13.2018.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.13.2018.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to introduce the Mysticism Scale on a Hungarian population and to investigate the meaning and nature of reported mystical experiences (ME) from three different aspects: their associations with religious attitudes, the big five personality traits, and the need for cognitive closure. The sample consisted of 240 respondents who completed the Mysticism scale, the Post Critical Belief Scale, the Big Five Inventory, and the Need for Cognitive Closure Scale using an online questionnaire. Results indicated that ME positively correlated with the two dimensions of the Post Critical Belief scale, as well as with Openness to Experience. Moderate but significant positive correlations were found between ME and Agreeableness. Finally, ME negatively correlated with the need for cognitive closure (NFC) and with three of the NFC subscales (Closemindedness, Preference for Order, and Preference for Predictability). Regression analysis using the above as variables highlighted that the acceptance of Transcendence and Openness to Experience were the main predictors of mystical experiences, whilst Symbolic interpretation might also have contributed, although to a lesser extent.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"133-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimism, Social Intelligence and Positive Affect as Predictors of University Students’ Life Satisfaction","authors":"A. Rezaei, J. B. Khosroshahi","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between optimism, social intelligence, and positive affect with students’ life satisfaction. The sample included 332 students of humanities sciences (213 females and 119 males) from Payame Noor University–Tabriz branch, who were randomly selected using stratified and multiple-stage cluster sampling. Extended Life Orientation questionnaire, Tromso Social Intelligence questionnaire, Positive affect and life satisfaction scales were used as data collection instruments and the data were analysed by Pearson’s correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results of Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a positive and meaningful correlation between social information processing, social skills, optimism, positive affect, and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis also indicated the direct effect of social information processing and social skills on life satisfaction that later disappeared when optimism and positive affect were introduced in the second step. In the final model, only measures of optimism and positive affect were statistically meaningful. Therefore, social intelligence and positive affect promote (past tense?) life satisfaction in university students. interest and confidence (M IRI et al. 2015). The results of some studies indicate that a high positive affect and low negative affect play an important role in the positive perception of self and an increase in life satisfaction. For instance, S PINDLER and colleagues (2009) indicated that positive affect is related to extensive social relations, helping behavior, attention, con-centration, and a high decision-making ability while negative affect is related to mental complaints, low coping abilities, pressure, stress and anxiety, and finally, H U and G RUBER (2008) reported that a high positive affect and low negative affect are commonly accompanied by low levels of distress, fewer depressive symptoms, more daily activities and higher levels of perceived physical and mental health which is further related to the quality of life and life satisfaction. B ORG and colleagues (2008), in a research bearing the title Relationship between health, self-esteem and sources of financial and social support with living satisfaction in elderly people in the six European countries , found that in all six countries, overall health and self-esteem had a positive relationship with life satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"150-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}