European Journal of Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Optimism, Social Intelligence and Positive Affect as Predictors of University Students’ Life Satisfaction","authors":"A. Rezaei, J. B. Khosroshahi","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between optimism, social intelligence, and positive affect with students’ life satisfaction. The sample included 332 students of humanities sciences (213 females and 119 males) from Payame Noor University–Tabriz branch, who were randomly selected using stratified and multiple-stage cluster sampling. Extended Life Orientation questionnaire, Tromso Social Intelligence questionnaire, Positive affect and life satisfaction scales were used as data collection instruments and the data were analysed by Pearson’s correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results of Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a positive and meaningful correlation between social information processing, social skills, optimism, positive affect, and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis also indicated the direct effect of social information processing and social skills on life satisfaction that later disappeared when optimism and positive affect were introduced in the second step. In the final model, only measures of optimism and positive affect were statistically meaningful. Therefore, social intelligence and positive affect promote (past tense?) life satisfaction in university students. interest and confidence (M IRI et al. 2015). The results of some studies indicate that a high positive affect and low negative affect play an important role in the positive perception of self and an increase in life satisfaction. For instance, S PINDLER and colleagues (2009) indicated that positive affect is related to extensive social relations, helping behavior, attention, con-centration, and a high decision-making ability while negative affect is related to mental complaints, low coping abilities, pressure, stress and anxiety, and finally, H U and G RUBER (2008) reported that a high positive affect and low negative affect are commonly accompanied by low levels of distress, fewer depressive symptoms, more daily activities and higher levels of perceived physical and mental health which is further related to the quality of life and life satisfaction. B ORG and colleagues (2008), in a research bearing the title Relationship between health, self-esteem and sources of financial and social support with living satisfaction in elderly people in the six European countries , found that in all six countries, overall health and self-esteem had a positive relationship with life satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"150-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreasing the Negative Effects of Work-Related Stress in Unchanged Working Environments","authors":"A. Stauder, Z. Cserháti, B. K. Thege","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.13.2018.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic work-related stress has a negative impact on both physical and mental health. The present translational study’s goal was to investigate the effectiveness of an individualfocused, standardised coping skills training provided outside the employment setting. Methods: 89 working individuals (76 women, 13 men; mean age: 41.3 years) from diverse occupational backgrounds completed a 12-hour stress management program. Work stress and overcommitment were measured by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI). Outcome variables included perceived stress (PSS10), anxiety(STAI-T), depressive(BDI), and subjective somatic symptoms (PHQ15), as well as well-being (WHO-WB5), life meaning (BSCI-LM), coping skills (LSS), and overall life satisfaction. Results: The post-intervention scores showed no change in work-related stress or overcommitment, whilst coping skills improved. Further, anxiety-, depressionand somatic symptoms decreased significantly and there was a significant increase in well-being, life meaning, and life satisfaction scores. These improvements were observed mostly in the subgroup reporting higher initial levels of work stress, associated with higher symptom scores. In the low-stress subgroup, only coping skills, perceived stress, and life meaning scores improved. Conclusions: A short, well-structured multimodal coping skills training can significantly reduce overall stress level and stress-related symptoms, and improve well-being and satisfaction in employees suffering from high work stress even if the work environment remains unchanged.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"163-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70941280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relation of Perceived Meaning of Life, Meaning of Illness and Anxious-Depressive Symptoms among Cancer Patients","authors":"Szende A. Elekes","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Our research is based on the literature that shows meaningfulness is a correlate of mental health both in the general population and in the case of patients with a serious illness such as cancer. We had two major goals: 1) to identify the meaning-categories patients find in their illness; 2) to test the relationships between perceived meaning of life, meaning of illness and negative indicators of well-being, like automatic thoughts, anxiety, depression in the case of a population of cancer patients from Romania. \u0000 This study was completed in March-June of 2012. A number of 102 cancer patients, interned in the ‘Ion Chiricuta’ Oncology Institute in Romania, completed a battery of scales that measured perceived meaning of life (Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Meaning in Life after Cancer), the intensity of automatic thoughts (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire), anxiety, depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and answered the question whether they found any meaning in their lives. \u0000 We could identify the following categories of meaning patients found in their illness: character change, greater appreciation of life, change of priorities, spiritual growth, greater appreciation of close relationships, clarification of goals, development of self-knowledge. \u0000 In accordance with the literature, our results show that perceived meaning of life (measured by MLaC), correlates negatively with automatic thoughts (r = –0.606), anxiety (r = –0.576), and depression (r = –0.542), and these relations are significant (p = 0.000). Patients who found their illness meaningful, found more meaning in their lives as well (t = 3.041, p = 0.003), and they showed lower levels of anxiety and depression, but these correlations are not significant (p = 0.567 and 0.116).","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"230-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47837411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia as Moderators between perceived social support and Stress among Parents of Children with Learning Disabilities","authors":"M. Abbasi","doi":"10.5708/ejmh.12.2017.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/ejmh.12.2017.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia as moderators between perceived social support and Stress among parents of children with Learning Disabilities. The convenience sample of the study consisted of 98 parents of children with Learning Disabilities from Ahwaz (Iran). This descriptive correlational study was conducted in 2014–15. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GCE), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were completed by parents. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine the moderating role of Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia. The results revealed that Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia were moderators in the relationship between Perceived social support and Stress. The findings supported the hypothesis that higher levels of self-efficacy (see: Figure 1) would be associated with lower levels of Stress, and that lower levels of Alexithymia (see: Figure 2) would be associated with lower levels of Stress.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"218-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48317274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Coping And Resilience: Questions and Conclusions Drawn From A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Lídia Berszán","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"In 2002–2004, during a research about families taking care of disabled children or adults, we created the criteria of coping successfully. Interpreting through this filter the resulting data and the responses a coping profile has outlined. Ten years later, we repeated the survey and found that in the interpretation of the data, the coping criteria from the first research was not sustainable. To better understand this phenomenon, we performed in-depth interviews and we added a CHIP (Coping Health Inventory For Parents) questionnaire that provides insight to coping behaviours used by parents. The results we obtained further highlighted our suspicion that the factor of successful coping from the first period of facing disabilities significantly changed through the years. \u0000 This phenomenon can be interpreted not only in terms of the life of individual families, but also shows the overlaps and differences between the meanings of the terms ‘coping’ and ‘resilience’, and the professional challenge brought by the supported resilience in the ‚overseeing’ of these families.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"187-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49483265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Innovation in the Provision of Services in Long-term Care","authors":"Z. Szeman, A. Tróbert","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on the potential of extension of social innovation in social services in long-term care. The aim of the paper is to analyse barriers and drivers according to different care regimes: 1. standard care-mix regimes; 2. universal-Nordic; 3. family-based; 4. Central and Eastern European. Applying different qualitative methods (mapping of initiatives, 62 good examples of which 18 were in-depth, expert interviews, focus groups), the paper is going to explore similarities and differences between care regimes with a special focus on Central and Eastern Europe to see whether the Central and Eastern European care regime can be considered as a special one or not. \u0000 It becomes clear from the analysis that there are similarities and differences between the individual care regimes and it is of fundamental importance that these as well as the good practices should be widely known and transferred or adapted to the given care structure. This requires continuous mapping and research.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"204-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47062439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sociological study of stress: an analysis and critique of the stress process model","authors":"Anson Au","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The stress process model in the sociological study of stress has changed over the thirty years of its use, developed continually to reflect changes in society and to include intellectual refinement. This paper represents a review that aims to do the same, filling the gaps in the original model with the inclusion of major developments in its structure and new social dimensions. An examination of the model’s key components reveals: its causes and manifestations, the intervention of resources that moderate its effects, and its consequences on an individual in terms of mental health and social adversities. In visitation of the dynamics of the stress process, I present a critical analysis that involves an investigation of the findings of research literature while considering recent trends, including the decline of the nuclear family and the influence of non-Western cultures among immigrants and minority groups. Thus, asserted on the case that the considerations undertaken by literature are again at a point requiring intellectual reform, this critique endeavours to articulate an updated, foundational version of the original model and to offer appraisals that could lend themselves as points for further development and study.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"53-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41906299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Psychotherapy in Slovakia","authors":"Eva Morovicsová, A. Heretik, A. Heretik, I. Škodáček","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Authors present the history of psychotherapy in Slovakia. The first section refers to the social \u0000requirements for psychology and psychotherapy development. The history of psychotherapy alone \u0000is analysed in three stages of development. The first stage includes the years 1918–1945, where, \u0000related to the activities of the Clinic of Psychiatry and Neurology of the Faculty of Medicine of \u0000Comenius University in Bratislava, we come across the first attempts at applying psychothera - \u0000peutic approaches in medical practice and in the training of physicians. The second developmental \u0000stage (1945–1989) introduces individuals that significantly influenced the development of psychotherapeutic \u0000theories and their application in individual fields of clinical practice. They simultaneously \u0000show the contribution of the training school SUR to the development of psychotherapy \u0000in Slovakia. The most significant changes in the aspect of domestication and development of psychotherapy \u0000in Slovakia happened in the last characterised stage, in the period following the Velvet \u0000Revolution in 1989. The previously almost unavailable psychotherapeutic literature became available \u0000and psychotherapy was gradually introduced into the undergraduate and postgraduate education \u0000of physicians and other professionals. The first Slovak Society of Psychotherapy was founded \u0000and became a common ground for professionals in this field. In the final section of this paper, the \u0000authors present current questions and problems of the development, research and application of \u0000psychotherapy in Slovakia and briefly characterise the influence of legislation changes and reforms \u0000in healthcare on the position of psychotherapy.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"88-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44367377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertility Desires of Adolescents and Young Adults Living in Large Families: The Role of the Family of Origin and the Cultural Stereotypes","authors":"C. Bálity, Bálint Duráczky","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"In our study, we aimed at examining the childbearing desires of adolescents and young adults living \u0000in Hungarian large families. Two different methods were used during the dyadic data analysis. On \u0000the one hand, correlation between the fertility desires of siblings, on the other hand, the absolute \u0000difference in the planned number of children was measured. The data indicate that in two out of the \u0000three dyads of siblings, created by the order of birth, significant correlation can be measured. \u0000Pseudo-dyads were created in order to test if the above mentioned parallel data can be explained by \u0000the similar socio-demographic characteristics of the sample families. The correlation disappeared \u0000in case of the randomly paired adolescents and young adults. All in all, family background is likely \u0000to have a more important impact on fertility desires of youngsters than similar social environment.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46429234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Early Maladaptive Schemas in the Relationships of Emotional Maltreatment and Emotional Disorders","authors":"M. A. Rafi, N. Adibsereshki, M. H. Aval","doi":"10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Although the consequences of emotional maltreatment have not been extensively investigated, \u0000experiences of emotional maltreatment or abuse have been associated with powerful and enduring \u0000psychological problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which emotional \u0000maltreatment contributed to emotional disorders, and the role of Early Maladaptive Schemas \u0000(EMS) in relationships of emotional maltreatment and emotional disorders in pre-adolescents. This \u0000study used the correlation-modelling design. A total of 492 junior high students participated in the \u0000study. The emotional abuse or maltreatment questionnaire made by NOROUZI (2012), the Achenbach \u0000self-report emotional disorders questionnaire preadolescence form (ACHENBACH & RESCORLA \u00002001), and the Early Maladaptive Schemas questionnaire (RIJKEBOER& DE BOO 2010) were used \u0000to measure and analyse emotional maltreatment and EMS in the students. The findings indicated \u0000that emotional maltreatment can directly lead to emotional disorders (anxiety, affective disorder) \u0000and schemas such as loneliness, submission and vulnerability. Emotional maltreatment was a significant \u0000predictor of emotional disorders. Findings of this study can inform parents and those who \u0000treat children in negative ways (maltreatment) of their impact on children’s emotions and of the \u0000negative outcomes.","PeriodicalId":42949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48454747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}