Linguistics & Polyglot Studies最新文献

{"title":"Government statement as a genre of political discourse(on the example of the speeches of the German chancellors A. Merkel and O. Scholz)","authors":"M. A. Yelizaryeva, E. A. Bykova, A. Sigova","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-2-35-21-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-2-35-21-31","url":null,"abstract":"   The article examines the genre of a government statement in Germany in terms of political content and linguopragmatic specificities. It should be noted that this genre can be described as orientational-ritual, which is characterized by informing and integration strategies, as well as self-praise and tactics of promises. The texts of the speeches follow a virtually set structure.   The authors’ aim is to analyze linguopragmatic specificities of the government statements made by German chancellors on taking office using the examples of speeches by A. Merkel in 2018 and O. Scholz in 2021.   During the research, the following methods were used: academic literature analysis, discursive analysis, text analysis, contextual analysis, quantitative method, comparison, and generalization.   The study is quite relevant due to the fact that the German chancellors’ government statements were practically not analyzed from the linguistic point of view.   This approach was partially used in the works of E. Hermann, but at the same time, it is typical of German authors to consider mostly political content and the influence of government statements, which can be seen in the book edited by K. F. Korte. Among Russian researchers, D. S. Slyusarev focused on linguistic analysis of government statements. The work is logically divided into two major parts, namely political and linguistic analysis. In analyzing the political component, the authors examined the political situation in Germany at the time of the Bundestag elections of 2018 and 2021 and the assumption of power by A. Merkel and O. Scholz. In the process of linguopragmatic and discursive analysis of the speeches, the following features were noted: the use of gender-symmetric forms, idioms and metaphors, intertextuality, wordplay. Government statements are characterized by plenty of culturally marked vocabulary, which can be explained by the topic of the speeches.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133474231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syntactic independent sentence without illocutive force","authors":"A. Averina","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-2-35-8-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-2-35-8-20","url":null,"abstract":"   The article deals with the factors which influence the illocutionary force of the sentence. The syntactically independent sentences are in the focus of the discussion. It is shown that illocutionary force is formed by three factors: communicative binary, semantics of the sentence and temporal reference. They are universal. At the level of the deep structure, sentences, which have illocutionary force include three components: topic, focus and modality. The presence of modal component is not possible without the topic. Sentences without any illocutionary force do not have topicalized components and are incompatible with modal indicators. At the level of the surface structure the absence of illocutionary force is marked by the displacement of the predicate to the initial position, the position of the subject after the predicate or the monomial structure of a sentence. Sentences devoid of illocutionary force in the Russian language are always marked. In German the word order is fixed, therefore, in communicatively monomial sentences, the “shift” of the verb to the first position and the displacement of the referential subject is carried out by using the formal subject es in the preposition. In English, in this case, the initial elements there or it can be used. In proposals of this type, local and time indicators are often shifted to the initial position. Neither local nor temporal indicators can be the subject of a statement: at the beginning of a sentence they mark the absence of illocutionary force. Sentences devoid of illocutionary force serve as the background of the main narrative in the text or initiate the text. At the level of semantics, the sentences of this type are characterized by providing descriptions of nature, weather, situation, state, or act as introductory sentences in microtext or text. When describing states and characteristics, we mostly refer to permanent signs or properties of objects/objects/phenomena in the environment. The factors that shape the illocutionary force of a sentence are universal.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128211667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intralingual classification of nonverbal units: curtsies","authors":"E. B. Morozova","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-70-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-70-82","url":null,"abstract":"The last decades have seen a drastic growth of researchers’ interest in nonverbal communication, especially in gestures and gestural behavior of both past and present. However, a systematic description of curtsy, a key gesture of the aristocracy in European and Russian cultures, satisfying the demands of nonverbal communication studies has not been attempted. The lack of such research defined the scope and objectives of this paper: determining the semiotic class of curtsy, distinguishing and analyzing its types, describing its physical realization, semantics, comparing curtsies and bows and determining their place within the Russian gestural system. The research is based on monographs on etiquette and protocol, memoires of the Russian courtiers of the 18-19-th centuries, books on stage movement and historical dances, dictionaries of the Russian language and illustrations from Russian literature. The results of multidimensional analysis demonstrate that we should classify curtsy as a communicative emblem, both an etiquette and ceremonial gesture, successfully assimilated by Russian culture and evolving with time. The research distinguishes types of the curtsy found in Russian culture, contexts and situations when it was used, its semantics, etc. Comparing curtsies and bows by several parameters (physical realization, active body parts, context and situations of use) helped to define key elements in performing curtsies and first distinguish them as a separate class of gestures, which should result in a change of their definitions in dictionaries where curtsy is invariably defined as a bow. The paper also gives an insight into the history of gestures, starting with Peter the Great and up to modern times. The results of the research will be of interest for researchers in the field of semiotics, nonverbal communication, intercultural communication, lexicography, ethnography and social anthropology.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126523537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paralinguistic means of manipulative influence on the voter as exemplified by Dmitry Medvedev’s Telegram Channel","authors":"O. Pogoretskaya","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-83-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-83-93","url":null,"abstract":"The article gives a general characteristic of polycode messengers, which represent an information space that connects different elements of the political system and creates conditions for continuous political communication. Communication through genre 2.0 formats becomes a means of manipulating mass consciousness through these information channels. The need for the analysis of polycode messengers is conditioned by their growing popularity as an arena of political struggle in the modern Russian-speaking information space.Special attention is paid to Telegram messenger due to the convenience of receiving and distributing information instantly, compressed form of delivery and possibility to interact with other voters on that platform.The objective of the study is to present and analyze the impact made on the addressee-actor within the information market of instant messaging service Telegram, to systematize and analyze the polycode media of written communication.An important factor in this context is the polycode organization of the information presented. The role of paralinguistic means of influencing the electorate is assessed based on Dmitry Medvedev’s official Telegram channel.The research material was based on the posts in the official Telegram channel in the period from March 18, 2022 to December 12, 2022 (193 postings).The main method of research is qualitative content analysis, which analyzes the paragraphematic means of written communication − the presentation of the text material and its graphic design, the text accompaniment by such non-verbal components as emoji. The article contains the description of the main paralinguistic means of communication which are based on the variability of the published material volume, typographic variations, upper case, quotation marks, list serve and emoji usage. The functions that emoji language performs in combination with a stand-alone verbal component are described.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134100620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anglo-semantism Коллаборация as a conflictogenic element in modern Russian","authors":"T. Shkapenko, E. V. Zubritskaya, P. F. Makarova","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-94-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-94-106","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes the process of semantic change of the noun «коллаборация» in the Russian language under the influence of semantic transformations that occurred in the word “collaboration” in English. The basis of the appearance of a new lexico-semantic variant in the donor language is the change of the actors of interaction from the “enemy” to the “business partner”, which caused the amelioration of the meaning of the word. English-speaking Internet users pay attention to the innovative use of the word and seek to find out the difference between the meanings of the words “collaboration” and “cooperation”. The general result of the discussions is the conclusion that the noun “cooperation” is used in relation to any kind of interaction, while the new meaning of the word “collaboration” contains an indication of pragmatic goals in interactive processes. The commercialization of the sense contained in the word “collaboration” entails morphological changes, consisting in the appearance of the plural form as a result of the transition of an abstract noun into the category of concrete ones. The introduction of Anglo-semantism «коллаборация» into the Russian language occurs mainly in commercial and interdisciplinary scientific discourse. The analysis of articles headings containing the term «коллаборация» shows its high frequency and the status of a fashionable term. At the same time, the innovative use of the word is faced with an ambiguous reaction of native speakers of modern Russian. The analysis of the data obtained as a result of the survey revealed evident discrepancies in the interpretation of the semantics and evaluative connotation of the words «коллаборация» and «коллаборационизм» among representatives of different age groups. The use of the word «коллаборация» in its Americanized meaning causes cultural shock among many representatives of older age groups. Most representatives of younger age groups do not feel cognitive dissonance due to their ignorance of the meaning of the word «коллаборационизм». The different level of acceptance of the words transmitted from the Anglo-American language picture of the world together with insufficient knowledge of history by the younger generation becomes a reason of explicit or hidden conflict situations in the communication process.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"54 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120910180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mexico in the spotlight of polyglot studies","authors":"G. Kazakov","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-107-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-107-112","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a review of the Polyglot Conference 2022 in Cholula and the 3rd International Seminar on Linguistics & Polyglot Studies, both united by the topic of Mexico’s linguistic and cultural heritage. Discussed are the social and psychological aspects of polyglottery, language museums, Mexican Spanish, works of Yuri Knorozov, written sources of the Nahua culture, reading acquisition in modern and ancient languages, counting systems of Australian Aboriginals, and broader issues of multilingual and minority language studies.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"15 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125761560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on the monograph by E.A. Grinina and A.A. Evdokimova “Galician language: history and the current state” (edited by Doctor of Philology, Professor N.V. Ivanov). Moscow: MGIMO-University Publishing House, 2022. 234 p.","authors":"V. A. Iovenko","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-113-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-113-117","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics &amp; Polyglot Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134511286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On some peculiarities of parenthesis functioning in contemporary popular science texts (based on the English version of National Geographic)","authors":"A. V. Mikhalcheva","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-22-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-22-31","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of contemporary English media texts from the point of view of functional syntactic peculiarities of its expressiveness, especially on the example of parenthesis as a means to influence the recipients. The domineering cognitive-discursive paradigm of text studies allows one to analyze media text from the point of its integral impact on the addressee. Contemporary mass media use different ways of influencing the readers, for example, television, radio, printed and electronic press, blogs and videoblogs. A special interest lies in the printed press, which uses integrated means of transmitting information, including references to Internet sources and TV shows. Despite using different ways of influencing the recipients, the key means of conveying author’s intentions is its syntactic organization. Due to different syntactic constructions authors of a media text can facilitate a topic disclosure, forming the readers’ opinion about a subject matter and the author of the text. A great role is played by parenthesis, which is widely used in popular science texts to explain terms, comment on certain events or sources of the information given in the article, clarify some information, etc. In the given article we analyze some functions of the parenthetic constructions on the example of the texts taken from the magazine National Geographic and unified by the topic «Science» in accordance with the author’s communicative intentions. Using continuing sampling method in choosing the examples conveying the category of expressivity, it was discovered that the domineering function of a parenthetical phrase in the analyzed texts is a comment, which serves as a means of representing an author’s point of view and adding information to the facts thus forming the readers’ opinion.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics &amp; Polyglot Studies","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116452699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concepts of Labour and Conduct in proverbs: a comparative study","authors":"Y. Dzyadyk, I. Csajbok-Twerefou","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-53-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-53-69","url":null,"abstract":"Languages change with time. As a result, new structures appear, and new approaches are developed in them. Language is a link in decoding forms of cognition between the past and the present – and the role of proverbs here is really significant. In every language, proverbs carry the color of the era. They are directly related to folk traditions and help to preserve history, culture, and the mentality of society. Phraseological units such as proverbs differ across cultures, although similar forms can sometimes be found in various sociocultural contexts. Likewise, the system of conduct rules is expected to be different from society to society, since the values of people of each individual national group are determined by their traditions and culture. The present article is based on a comparative analysis of proverbs in the Russian, Ukrainian and Hungarian languages. Proverbs that describe labor principles and rules of conduct in everyday social life were selected from (bilingual) dictionaries and the Internet resources with the aim of identifying the main similarities and differences between Russian, Ukrainian and Hungarian societies. A few proverbs regarding leisure time and friendly relations were also analyzed as linking subtopics to the concepts of labor and conduct. Some proverbs containing an animal-element that are used to describe humans’ behavior also appear in the present work. The study shows that the national and cultural components of proverbs depict physical activity and other realities of communities, but proverbs might have their own national coloring and moral content. In our study, proverbs are viewed as statements that are often rhymed, usually have two parts, and express a complete thought. The present paper is of practical importance as the research results can be applied for theoretical courses in comparative linguistics, especially in courses on the study of proverbs.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics &amp; Polyglot Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129013082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making Indirect Speech in German journalistic comments: Conjunctive vs Indicative","authors":"E. Shesterina","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-32-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-32-41","url":null,"abstract":"The article is aimed at identifying trends in the linguistic design of indirect speech in German, which differs from the requirements of standard grammar. Recent works have noted significant deviations from the rules of constructing indirect speech using the conjunctive, there is a discrepancy in approaches to their use in the literary language, its national variants and dialects, oral and written speech, as well as in various speech genres. Modern grammarians recognize the existence of alternative forms of indirect speech, which include constructions with prepositional phrases, subordinate clauses with ‘wie’, the combination of so + source of information in postposition to indirect speech, as well as modal verbs ‘wollen’ and ‘sollen’ in epistemic meaning. However, the authors do not provide explicit and understandable rules for their use. All deviations from the standard rule of using conjunctive in indirect speech can be grouped into three complex areas: the interchangeability of conjunctive forms I and II, the expression of distancing from the refereed sources information and ignoring the conjunctive as a violation of the norm of constructing indirect speech. The authors of the comments practically do not allow the interchangeability of the forms of conjunctive I and II, since this may lead to the fact that their statements will be interpreted not as carrying factual, ascertaining information, but as a potential opportunity to commit an action. Commentators in the vast majority of cases take a critical position regarding the actions of the actors of the events under consideration, therefore, the conjunctive is exactly the means that helps to mark the distancing of the author of the comment from the refereed sources. In the texts of journalistic comments, there are isolated examples of the design of indirect speech with indicative forms. This is possible only in cases when a journalist uses lexemes with the semantics of confidence in the words of the author, thanks to which he indirectly gives either a positive or negative assessment of information from the source being reviewed, and thus ceases to be an impartial observer, but expresses his attitude to the actions of actors in the situation he is commenting on.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics &amp; Polyglot Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121220575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}