Linguistics & Polyglot Studies最新文献

{"title":"Linguistic means of speech manipulation in the discourse of modern German-language media","authors":"I. S. Kashenkova","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-8-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-8-21","url":null,"abstract":"The article touches upon the problem of identifying and analyzing speech manipulation in the texts of German-speaking media. Media determine linguistic and cultural pictures of the world, so the analysis of media language will help to establish trends of influence on the cognitive consciousness of society. In today’s geopolitical environment, the basic functions of the media transform as they use specific techniques of speech manipulation to achieve informational and emotive effectiveness, allowing for the distortion of the cognitive perception of information by the audience. The material for this study was German-language media texts, selected by means of a total sampling and semanticsyntactic analysis. The relevance of the study is in its linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The author states that in the conditions of information pollution all the participants of communication should be able to distinguish the speech manipulation in the text, to qualify information in terms of its significance or reliability, and to calculate the risks of facing manipulative actions. Taking into account the peculiarities of speech manipulation methods used in the modern German-language media texts, the recipient must have sufficient interpretational competence to allow him to overcome the barriers that prevent the identification and mental comprehension of the means of speech manipulation in the texts of foreign-language publications.The main purpose of the study is to remove some difficulties in the perception of information in the German-language media text by presenting signs of indirect pressure and speech manipulation in them. To this end, the article classifies the basic techniques of speech manipulation in terms of linguistic analysis, and also justifies the expediency of the formations of interpretative competence in the sphere of epistemic vigilance. The effectiveness of this competence in relation to leveling the negative impact of the discourse of German-language media on the cognitive consciousness of the audience is argued.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132061021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creation of an English for special purposes textbook for university students – future public relations practitioners","authors":"A. Tychinsky","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-42-","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2023-1-34-42-","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to present the author’s experience in creating the ESP textbook “Public Relations. Textbook in English”. The academic novelty of the paper lies in the fact that for the first time the process of creating an ESP textbook for third-year students of an international university (MGIMO-University, Russia) who study English at an advanced level is considered in detail. The paper looked at all stages of writing an English for Special Purposes (ESP) textbook, i.e. book concept development, overall project management, format selection and standardization.As a result, the necessity of using methodological approaches to writing a textbook that could help students develop the competencies of future public relations specialists, as well as enable them to succeed in their careers at the international level, was proved. In addition, examples of language exercises are provided that can be used to develop basic linguistic skills, as well as specific competencies related to the future profession of public relations specialists.course of German-language media on the cognitive consciousness of the audience is argued.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"168 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120978284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience in annotating connectives in Japanese text – lessons and prospects","authors":"S. V. Chironov","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-64-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-64-88","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers an overview of an attempt to annotate a text in Japanese with the aim of pointing out all possible connections between elementary chunks of discourse, and the connective devices marking them. Being the first experience in Japanese, it asks for a certain adjustment of the annotation rules already used in the existing schools. This primarily touches upon what entities are connected and also upon the definition of a connective. Furthermore, semantic areas covered by connectives also need correction if reviewed through an in-depth analysis of the speaker’s intentions. The obstacles met while carrying out the annotation, and the pervasive patterns revealed, focus around two linguistic factors. On the one hand, structural specifics of the Japanese language cause the speaker to forego multiple transformations warping the surface structure in order to attain linear development of his line of discourse. On the other hand, the genre of the linguistic material (a lecture in tourism marketing) is largely accountable for dominating Causality and Discourse Deployment areas of connectives. It is through those that a higher level of pragmatic motivation is achieved in the explicit markers of the text structure – which turns out crucial in making the speech more persuasive.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116938972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Genres of the Social Network Instagram in the Spanish Segment","authors":"E. S. Syschikova, E. Savchuk","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-189-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-189-203","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this particular article is to analyse the main features of the Spanish speech genres of the Instagram’s content being a social network and an application used to share photos and videos. Nowadays the topic is completely up to date because in Spanish-speaking countries there are a huge number of Instagram followers, which often is significantly greater than the number of users of any other social platform. Instagram is a special type of digital communication that has defined speech genres. The Instagram discourse is a hypertext − a structure that includes links to other texts. The underlying Instagram genre is a post that contains a photo or a video with a short text message. The post, in turn, can be presented by various sub-genres depending on the communicative purpose of the author: self-presentation, news, gratitude, congratulations, advice, request, invitation, appeal, obituary, advertisement, and joke. Stories are a separate Instagram genre with special purposes and functions. They are audiovisual content that has a limited lifespan, unlike a regular post. The article highlights such features of Instagram speech genres as interactivity, the polycode nature of messages (communication takes place in different levels − verbal and visual), the usage of hashtags and the availability of comments. Digital comment itself is a speech genre; it is characterized by informality, brevity and emotionality typical of oral communication. The conducted study allows us to conclude that the boundaries of Instagram speech genres are blurred. At the same time genres are closely connected, they often mix, they change due to the constant updating of the digital platform itself. The source of the illustrative material of this article was the content of the profiles of Spanish-speaking Instagram users, both private individuals and organizations.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130350788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wordplay in Spanish advertising discourse","authors":"A. Makarycheva, E. V. Smirnova","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-177-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-177-188","url":null,"abstract":"The article comprehensively studies such a stylistic device as wordplay in advertising discourse on the example of the Spanish language. The main purpose of the study was to study the wordplay techniques in the Internet advertising banners, which in recent years have gained most popularity among potential consumers compared with other types of advertising, as well as to identify those that are most frequently used. The objectives of the study were to find, systematize and classify examples of wordplay, determine the frequency of their use, as well as their compatibility and reinforcement potential in conjunction with visual means. To achieve the goals set, a significant layer of Spanish-language advertising on the Internet was analyzed from both Spanish and Latin American sites; the most striking and illustrative examples were selected and classified, and ranked according to the frequency of their use. In many advertising banners on the Internet was revealed a reference to the cultural and social realities of Spanish-speaking countries, their national color, features, which allows one not only to better understand the realities of Spanish-speaking countries, but also the value orientations of local goods and services consumers. On the basis of the conducted research, it was found that the most striking and most commonly used wordplay techniques are dilogy and pun, whereas paronomasia, diaphora and folding word are less common. Quite rare in advertising are antimetaboles and acrostics, as well as palindrome, which is explained by their least expressiveness and attractiveness to the consumer. The material has proved that wordplay in the language of advertising is one of the key aspects in creating advertising texts on the Internet, since, in combination with visual means, this technique creates a strong emotional impact, draws the consumer's attention to the advertised product and contributes to its better implementation, which is the advertisers’ goal.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117090407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods and techniques of interpretation of mythical and magic characters’ names in Russian folk tales in Persian","authors":"S. Khalida","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-105-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-105-115","url":null,"abstract":"The rapidly developing cultural relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Russia predetermine the importance of studying the realities of Russian culture in teaching Russian as a foreign language. Despite the constantly growing interest of the Iranian reader in Russian fiction, we have not found translations of Russian folk tales. A distinctive feature of fairy tales is the presence of specific monsters and mythical creatures in them. The relevance of this study is emphasized by the fact that the opinions of researchers on the issue of translating these realities are divided: some researchers note that realities are untranslatable, others argue that there are no words that would be impossible to convey in another language. This research work presents methods and techniques for an adequate and equivalent translation of the proper names of mythical creatures that are the heroes of Russian folk tales of a magical nature. The translation experiment was conducted in student classes of the RFL departments of higher educational institutions of Iran. The main methods on which the study is based are the comparative method, the method of linguistic description, and the method of experiment. The students were asked to translate typical sentences, selected by continuous sampling, in which there was a mention of the magical characters of Russian folk tales. The purpose of the experiment is to identify what methods and techniques of translation strategies were used in the process of translating realities that do not have equivalents in the Persian language. Thus, the empirical basis of this study is the interpretation of fragments of Russian folk tales of a magical nature in Persian by students learning Russian as a foreign language. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it is the first attempt to analyze the method of equivalent or adequate conveyance of national and cultural color of the Russian fairy tales characters into Persian. Based on the experiment, we can conclude that when translating the names of mythical heroes and monsters of Russian folk tales, students resorted to two main translation strategies − foreignization and domestication. Russian students chose the method of phonetic transliteration and transcription as the main method of foreignization, as well as calques that contribute to the preservation of Russian cultural and ethnic specificity and overcoming the difficulties of conveying semantic content and the national color of the mythical heroes of Russian folk tales. The main technique of the domestication strategy used by students is the borrowing of the designation of a fairy-tale character from the culture of other peoples with whom they were previously familiar. The results of our research can find practical application in literary translation in Iran. Theoretically, the material can contribute to the development of the theory of translation of literary texts of the folklore genre, as well as arouse interest ","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126242447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Drink for the soul”: coffee tree and coffee as a symbol of the Arab national mentality","authors":"E. V. Kukhareva","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-164-176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-164-176","url":null,"abstract":"In the complex geopolitical situation of the beginning of the 21 century and with the change of the vector of interests towards the countries of the East, attention to all aspects of the life of the peoples of these countries is increasing due to the urgent need to understand their cultures, lifestyle, and the world around them. These peoples are increasingly active in the international arena, their role in various fields is becoming more noticeable, and it is important to interact with them at various levels. To do this, it is necessary to know what this people lives by, what their priority is, what is important or secondary for them. The complexity of intercultural communication lies in the fact that the national character and mentality of representatives of different linguistic cultures is based on the existing realities of a particular people’s life, its moral values and attitudes, through which various ethnic communities identify themselves and fix their place and purpose in this world. Symbols and images reflecting these ideas take either a material or verbal shell and convey an ethnic picture of the world of a particular people, which is completely different from the ideas of other ethnic groups about what surrounds them. To understand a representative of another linguistic consciousness, mastering the vocabulary and grammar of a foreign language may not be accurate enough. Significant elements of language in their semantic part also contain an extra-linguistic component, the socalled background knowledge, which can be gleaned from the history, mythology, literature, folklore of the people with whom we are interacting. This extra-linguistic component, according to the author, is of great importance for understanding the national mentality and national character. It helps to identify other driving forces of the actions of different peoples in the process of intercultural communication, along with their political and economic interests. In this article, the author considers one of the symbols of the national mentality of the Arabs – the coffee tree and its derivative – a coffee drink, which plays an important role in creating a national collective portrait of the Arabic society, as well as makes an attempt to show how and why they occupied such an important place in the Arab national consciousness.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125079983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficult cases of using the indefinite pronouns and adverbs with affixes -nibud, -libo, -to, koe- with indefinite meaning among the Iranian audience","authors":"M. Estiri","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-129-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-129-139","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to examining the difficult cases of the transmission of the indefinite meaning with the indefinite pronouns and adverbs with the affixes -nibud, -libo, -to, koe- among Iranian audiences. The indefinite pronouns and adverbs are a group of words with a specific meaning and usage that express the category of indefiniteness. This topic is important because among the Iranian students learning Russian the use of indefinite pronouns and adverbs with these affixes is a most difficult problem. It is not due to the grammatical features of the pronouns and adverbs mentioned, but due to their dependence on semantic subtleties and the insufficient number of theoretical works analysing the errors made by foreign, including Iranian, students when using the indefinite pronouns and adverbs with the mentioned affixes. The first problem that Iranian students face is the use of the indefinite pronouns and adverbs in the Russian language when in Persian their formal indicator is the indefinite article. The purpose of this article is to study the complicated cases of using the indefinite pronouns and adverbs with affixes -nibud, -libo, -to, koe- with indefinite meaning in the Iranian class and to consider how this group of the indefinite pronouns and adverbs is used in speech and text. The novelty of this article is in the fact that for the first time in the Russian studies of Iran, the difficult cases that Iranian students often encounter when using the indefinite pronouns and adverbs with affixes -nibud, -libo, -to, koe-, are analyzed and specified. In addition, principles have been developed to optimize the teaching process of this category of pronouns and adverbs among Iranian students. The results of the article can be used to eliminate the mistakes of Iranian students of Russian when using the indefinite pronouns and adverbs with the affixes -nibud, -libo, -to, koe- with the indefinite meaning, as well as to improve teaching Russian as a foreign language in the Iranian audience.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126692246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual and psychological differences in learning Russian as a second language","authors":"M. Kosar, E. Masume","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-152-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-4-33-152-163","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern world, foreign languages have acquired special importance, and their study is considered one of the fundamental and key conditions for the success of intercultural communication, as well as a tool for the formation of linguistic identity. For this reason, in the past few decades, special research has been carried out in educational psychology in order to find effective non-linguistic ways of mastering a second language. According to modern approaches, individual psychological characteristics have a great influence on the process of mastering foreign languages; therefore, this article attempts to show the relationship between psychological aspects and educational methods. The most important factors include motivation, gender, learning style, social factors, interest in learning a second language, the level of language and intellectual abilities, the presence of a language barrier, the cognitive style of the student, the ratio of language material and speech during learning, the level of development of verbal memory and the formation of ability to understand complex communication links. In this process, it is necessary to pay attention to essential factors that are outside linguistics. Students with the knowledge acquired over the years turn to different learning styles. It is important to show respect for their learning styles. It is essential for the instructor to design his curriculum in such a way that different students with different learning styles can follow them. When the activity seems meaningful to the student, his motivation for learning also increases. It seems that familiarity with psychology is essential for all teachers. Understanding what processes occur in the memory of a student while learning a foreign language, as well as what negative impact the delivery of a large volume of educational materials in a short period of time can have on him, is of great importance. Understanding this can have a significant positive impact on foreign language teachers in the preparation of educational programs for their correct presentation, which will be of great benefit and positive effect in the classroom.","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics & Polyglot Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114464745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Журнал «Филологические науки в МГИМО» за 2022 год","authors":"A. Editorial","doi":"10.24833/2410-2423-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":428469,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics &amp; Polyglot Studies","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132052978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}