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2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)最新文献

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Latest developments in the x-ray based characterization of thin-film solar cells 薄膜太阳能电池x射线表征的最新进展
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355592
M. Stuckelberger, B. West, Sebastian Husein, H. Guthrey, M. Al‐Jassim, R. Chakraborty, T. Buonassisi, J. Maser, B. Lai, Benjamin Stripe, V. Rose, M. Bertoni
{"title":"Latest developments in the x-ray based characterization of thin-film solar cells","authors":"M. Stuckelberger, B. West, Sebastian Husein, H. Guthrey, M. Al‐Jassim, R. Chakraborty, T. Buonassisi, J. Maser, B. Lai, Benjamin Stripe, V. Rose, M. Bertoni","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355592","url":null,"abstract":"We present the latest developments in the characterization of thin-film solar cells based on the combination of elemental mapping from fluorescence measurements using synchrotron x-rays, with beam induced current from electron and x-ray beams. This is a powerful method to directly correlate compositional variations with charge collection efficiency. We compare different approaches for mapping solar cells both in cross-section and in plan view on CIGS and CdTe solar cells. Based on examples from our latest research, we discuss the experimental approaches and highlight the advantages and limitations of each technique. Finally, we present an outlook to experiments that will allow x-ray based characterization to enter new fields of research that were not accessible before.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116283765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Zinc oxide and silicon based heterojunction solar cell model 氧化锌和硅基异质结太阳能电池模型
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356242
B. Hussain, A. Ebong, I. Ferguson
{"title":"Zinc oxide and silicon based heterojunction solar cell model","authors":"B. Hussain, A. Ebong, I. Ferguson","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356242","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a ZnO/Si single heterojunction solar cell model based on PC1D simulations and preliminary experimental support. The front ZnO film is intended to perform as antireflection coating as well as electrically active layer in pn junction formation. Considering importance of optical properties of ZnO as front n-layer, experiments are performed to find optimized growth window for ZnO using MOCVD. Absorption spectrum of ~100 nm thick ZnO film grown in our lab was used in the PC1D simulations in order to get more realistic results. Simulations projected conversion efficiency around 19% and fill factor more than 80% which are very promising.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116368795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
GaAsP/Si dual-junction solar cells grown by MBE and MOCVD 用MBE和MOCVD制备GaAsP/Si双结太阳能电池
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356384
T. Grassman, D. Chmielewski, S. Carnevale, J. Carlin, S. Ringel
{"title":"GaAsP/Si dual-junction solar cells grown by MBE and MOCVD","authors":"T. Grassman, D. Chmielewski, S. Carnevale, J. Carlin, S. Ringel","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356384","url":null,"abstract":"Monolithic, direct epitaxial GaAs0.75P0.25/Si dual-junction (2J) solar cell structures have been grown via both molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Fabricated test devices show working tandem behavior, with clear voltage addition and spectral partitioning, in both cases. Due to the thermal sensitivity of the MBE-grown tunnel junction structure, growth conditions necessary to maintain 2J activity yielded reduced quality GaAs0.75P0.25 top cell, while the more robust MOCVD-based tunnel junction enabled higher-quality top cell growth, resulting in overall higher performance 2J behavior. These initial prototype cells show promising performance and suggest several definite pathways for further device refinement.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"40 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113982656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Silicon epitaxy by low-temperature RF-PECVD using SiF4/H2/Ar gas mixtures for emitter formation in crystalline solar cells 利用si4 /H2/Ar气体混合物低温RF-PECVD在晶体太阳能电池中形成发射极
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356052
Ronan Léal, J. Dornstetter, F. Haddad, G. Poulain, J. Maurice, P. Cabarrocas
{"title":"Silicon epitaxy by low-temperature RF-PECVD using SiF4/H2/Ar gas mixtures for emitter formation in crystalline solar cells","authors":"Ronan Léal, J. Dornstetter, F. Haddad, G. Poulain, J. Maurice, P. Cabarrocas","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356052","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes ongoing studies on the emitter formation by PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) using SiF4/H2/Ar chemistry in crystalline silicon solar cells. H2 depletion and ion bombardment have been highlighted to be crucial factors to sustain epitaxial growth. By controlling these parameters we have been able to produce a 2.5μm-thick high-quality silicon epitaxy and to define a process window. Structural properties were assessed by in-situ and exsitu spectroscopic ellipsometry as well by HR-TEM (High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy) images with the diffraction patterns. These studies have been extended to n-type and p-type doped layers.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124484840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Availability of utility-scale photovoltaic power plants 公用事业规模的光伏电站的可用性
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355976
Kirby Hunt, Anthony Blekicki, Robert Callery
{"title":"Availability of utility-scale photovoltaic power plants","authors":"Kirby Hunt, Anthony Blekicki, Robert Callery","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355976","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the current state of availability of Utility-Scale photovoltaic power plants is essential for developing and financing these projects. An energy based availability metric suitable for Utility-Scale Photovoltaic power plants termed “Effective Availability” is described. The calculation methodology is discussed along with the merits of the metric. The Effective Availability of a fleet of 27 utility scale power plants is presented for a 5 year period. The factors affecting availability are discussed.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124153007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Flexible kesterite solar cells on ceramic substrates for advanced thermal processing 用于高级热处理的陶瓷基板柔性kesterite太阳能电池
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356189
T. Todorov, J. Olenick, Kathy Aolenick, O. Gunawan, T. Gershon, C. Sturdevant, Y. Lee, Liang Chang, S. Guha
{"title":"Flexible kesterite solar cells on ceramic substrates for advanced thermal processing","authors":"T. Todorov, J. Olenick, Kathy Aolenick, O. Gunawan, T. Gershon, C. Sturdevant, Y. Lee, Liang Chang, S. Guha","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356189","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible CZTSSe solar cells were fabricated on 40-micron thick zirconia substrates compatible with R2R fabrication. Lower thermal budgets by a factor of 25 - 150 and superior temperature stability could not only drastically reduce the energy budget and processing time but also enable the study of radically new annealing profiles such as ultrafast ramping and cooling rates that are impossible on glass. Higher purity than soda lime glass also offers improved control of critical elements such as sodium. Initial tests achieved efficiency of 11.5 % with Voc =452mV, FF =66 % and Jsc = 38 mA/cm2.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127581966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Light management in mechanically-stacked GaAs/Si tandem solar cells: Optical design of the Si bottom cell 机械堆叠砷化镓/硅串联太阳能电池的光管理:硅底电池的光学设计
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356238
Zhe Liu, Zekun Ren, Haohui Liu, J. Mailoa, Nasim Sahraei, S. Siah, Sarah E. Sofia, F. Lin, T. Buonassisi, I. M. Peters
{"title":"Light management in mechanically-stacked GaAs/Si tandem solar cells: Optical design of the Si bottom cell","authors":"Zhe Liu, Zekun Ren, Haohui Liu, J. Mailoa, Nasim Sahraei, S. Siah, Sarah E. Sofia, F. Lin, T. Buonassisi, I. M. Peters","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356238","url":null,"abstract":"Light management in the Si bottom cell of a GaAs/Si tandem system is crucial due to the bandgap mismatch of the two materials, which results in a low current of the bottom cell. To evaluate the light coupling and light trapping, we developed an optical model to simulate the light absorption in the silicon bottom cell. This optical model is an extension of Basore's analytical model. By comparing the simulation with the measurement of the prototype tandem solar cell, we find that the Si bottom cell can gain up to 2.4 mA/cm2 photocurrent by improving light coupling. In addition, we study the impact of the rear surface reflectance on the photocurrent in the Si bottom cell. We observed that ~17% relative increase in current generated in this bottom cell can be achieve by changing the rear surface design from a full area metal contact to a local-back-surface-field configuration.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127742820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Measurement of energy distribution of conduction electrons in superlattice by visible-light photoemission spectroscopy 用可见光光发射光谱法测量超晶格中传导电子的能量分布
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356192
F. Ichihashi, K. Nishitani, Xinyu Dong, T. Kawaguchi, M. Kuwahara, T. Ito, S. Harada, M. Tagawa, T. Ujihara
{"title":"Measurement of energy distribution of conduction electrons in superlattice by visible-light photoemission spectroscopy","authors":"F. Ichihashi, K. Nishitani, Xinyu Dong, T. Kawaguchi, M. Kuwahara, T. Ito, S. Harada, M. Tagawa, T. Ujihara","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356192","url":null,"abstract":"Visible-light photoemission spectroscopy (VPS) is a novel angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy developed by us for measuring conduction electrons emitted from a surface with negative electron affinity state. In this study, InGaAs/GaAsP quantum well superlattice was analyzed by the VPS method with changing the excitation photon energy. By comparing with comparison of the energy distribution curves obtained by different excitation energy, the first and second conduction mini-band structures were directly clarified.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126274844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Special dispersion chiral nematic reflectors for luminescent solar concentrators 发光太阳能聚光器专用色散手性向列反射器
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355930
Paul P. C. Verbunt, D. D. de Boer, D. Broer, M. Debije
{"title":"Special dispersion chiral nematic reflectors for luminescent solar concentrators","authors":"Paul P. C. Verbunt, D. D. de Boer, D. Broer, M. Debije","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355930","url":null,"abstract":"Luminescent solar concentrators, potential solar energy devices for use in urban settings, suffer from considerable loss of light from their surfaces. The use of a selective reflector transparent to light that can be absorbed by the embedded fluorescent dye molecules but reflective towards dye-emitted light, could improve performance. One such reflector is the chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystal. However, cholesteric liquid crystals often have two disadvantages: the reflection bandwidth is narrow, and even more importantly, there is considerable angular dependence in the reflection band, resulting in the loss of absorbed light at steep incidence angles. In this work we examine the possibility of using broadband cholesterics and `special dispersion' cholesterics. These special dispersion cholesterics should have reduced angular dependence, and we present calculations demonstrating how using these selective reflectors on top of luminescent solar concentrators could significantly improve performance of the device under indirect lighting conditions consistent with what would be encountered in the built environment.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126275509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
High temperature stability of broadband Anti-Reflection coatings on soda lime glass for solar modules 太阳能组件用钠石灰玻璃宽带增透涂层的高温稳定性
2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) Pub Date : 2015-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356265
G. Womack, P. Kamiński, J. Walls
{"title":"High temperature stability of broadband Anti-Reflection coatings on soda lime glass for solar modules","authors":"G. Womack, P. Kamiński, J. Walls","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356265","url":null,"abstract":"Reflections from glass surfaces reduce the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. Reflections can be reduced using a broadband Multi-layer Anti-Reflection (MAR) coating. For thin film CdTe modules, the glass is also the substrate. Manufacturers would prefer to use pre-MAR coated glass, so it is essential to establish if the MAR coating can withstand the module production process conditions. Thin film CdTe module fabrication requires temperatures up to ~500°C. Crazing may occur due to mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients between the glass and the coating materials. The resilience of MAR coatings on soda lime glass, Eagle 2000™ Glass, and NSG TEC™ 7 has been tested by exposure to increasing temperatures up to 800°C to establish the point of failure. SEM imaging and reflection measurements were used to observe the damage caused. Surprisingly, the MAR coating is unaffected up to a temperature of 590oC on soda lime glass substrates and up to 800°C on Eagle Glass. This provides confidence that thin film CdTe module manufacturers can use existing processes with pre-MAR coated glass.","PeriodicalId":427842,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126417203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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