Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research最新文献

{"title":"Boron-doped diamond electrodes for electrochemical glucose detection via enzymatic and non-enzymatic approaches","authors":"Aqilla Irfa Muthia Rahma ,&nbsp;Rafa Radithya Swara ,&nbsp;Salma Nur Zakiyyah ,&nbsp;Clianta Yudin Kharismasari ,&nbsp;Ziping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yasuaki Einaga ,&nbsp;Irwan Kurnia ,&nbsp;Yeni Wahyuni Hartati ,&nbsp;Irkham","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of highly sensitive and reliable glucose sensors has driven significant interest in boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes due to their exceptional electrochemical properties. With superior chemical stability, a wide potential window, low background current, and excellent electrical conductivity, BDD provides an optimal platform for precise, stable, and interference-free glucose detection. It's remarkable fouling resistance and resilience against chemical degradation further enhance long-term reliability in both biological and laboratory settings. This article reviews recent advancements in BDD-based glucose sensors, focusing on surface modifications and electrode enhancements that improve performance of BDD for glucose detection. Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic detection strategies have been explored, demonstrating low detection limits, high sensitivity, and excellent stability. These innovations hold promise for a wide range of applications, including clinical diagnostics for diabetes, food and beverage industry quality control, and environmental monitoring, particularly in assessing glucose levels in water and soil, expanding the scope of BDD-based sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100834"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasensitive miniaturized optical sensor for trace cyanide detection via supramolecular solvent microextraction of cyano-dithizone adduct","authors":"M.M. Dabi ,&nbsp;F.M. Alshareef ,&nbsp;H. Alwael ,&nbsp;T.N. Abduljabbar ,&nbsp;A.A. Alkhraije ,&nbsp;E.A. Assirey ,&nbsp;M.S. El-Shahawi","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ultrasensitive detection of cyanide ions (CN⁻) at sub-trace levels in aqueous environments has emerged as an imperative analytical challenge, driven by its lethality for ecological systems and public health. The implementation of wavelength-dependent spectrochemical methodologies based on chromogenic adduct formation for CN⁻ quantification in aqueous media remains intrinsically challenging, owing to intrinsic self-absorbance, spectral convolution, and diffuse background scattering that collectively compromise analytical resolution and selectivity. In this study, a novel, eco-compatible, and analytically robust sample pretreatment protocol was devised for the ultra-trace extraction of CN⁻ ions from aqueous matrices, based on supramolecular solvent-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (SM-DLLME) strategy, prior to miniaturized UV–visible spectrophotometric quantification. The supramolecular phase, comprising self-assembled reverse micelles of 1-octanol dispersed in tetrahydrofuran (THF), was spontaneously generated upon injection of the binary solvent mixture into CN⁻-containing aqueous solutions buffered at pH 10. Subsequent ultrasonic irradiation facilitated rapid micellization and dispersion, enabling the efficient partitioning of the hydrophobic neutral brownish-orange cyano-dithizone adduct [CN(H₂Dz)₂], centrifuged and extracted into the supramolecular phase. The chromogenic adduct was quantitatively assessed for CN⁻ ions at λ_max = 470 nm, with linearity across the concentration range 0.05–0.3 μg/mL (R² = 0.999). The acquired detection and quantification limits were 1.03 × 10⁻² and 4.01 × 10⁻² μg/mL, respectively. The sensor was implemented in spiked real water samples and yielded outstanding recoveries (100.3 ± 2.4 % to 101.8 ± 1.7 %), validated via the Student's <em>t</em>-test (t_exp = 1.5 &lt; t_tab = 2.78, <em>n</em> = 5, <em>P</em> = 0.05). Furthermore, the chemical equilibrium, stoichiometric configuration, and thermodynamic parameters governing formation of the [CN(H₂Dz)₂] adduct were systematically elucidated and assigned. The assay can assist as a talented substitute for CN⁻ detection in food, biogenic amines and food freshness. Incorporation of dithizone as a functional complexing agent markedly enhanced the sensing performance and selectivity of the established SM-DLLME system and thus enhanced the analytical scope for ultra-trace detection of CN⁻ ions in complex aqueous matrices. The proposed sample prep avoids the use of toxic organic solvents or complex nanomaterials, providing a direct and effective strategy for monitoring and quality control of CN⁻ ions in environmental water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100836"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver nanoparticles prepared via an eco-friendly phytoextract method and their humidity sensing properties","authors":"M.V. Arularasu ,&nbsp;M. Sai Deiv Ramkumar ,&nbsp;Raghuraman Tarunprasad ,&nbsp;Packirisamy Vinitha","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a resistive-type thin film humidity sensor is developed using phytoextracted silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for first time. Initially, Ag NPs were synthesized by a sustainable approach using the aqueous extract of turmeric powder, in which plant biomaterials function as both reducing as well as capping agents. The Ag NPs structural, morphological and composition properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), UV–Visible, High resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer techniques. The XRD result revealed a significant diffraction peak appeared at 38.62°, 44.16°, 66.29°, 76.53° which correspondent to the (111), (200), (220) and (311) plane would confirm the crystalline nature with cubic phase structure of Ag NPs. The spherical shaped morphological nature has been confirmed by HR-SEM analysis. The UV–Visible spectra showing a characteristic peak of Ag NPs at an absorption maximum at 429 nm. The humidity sensing properties of Ag NPs have been exposed to a humidity range from 5 % to 98 % relative humidity (RH) and three different testing frequency (100, 500 and 1000 Hz). The obtained results confirmed that the optimum testing frequency is 500 Hz. Consequently, we observed fast response (28 s) and recovery (47 s), low hysteresis characteristic, and long-term stability (up to 30 days). Owing to this merit, the implemented sensor has been illustrated for a great application prospect in smart food packaging, breath analysis, non-contact sensing, and soil monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100837"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring E-nose for sensing flavor profile of indigenous aromatic rice (Mushk Budiji) during storage","authors":"Ufaq Fayaz ,&nbsp;Syed Zameer Hussain ,&nbsp;Bazila Naseer ,&nbsp;Fehim J. Wani ,&nbsp;Nazrana Rafique Wani ,&nbsp;Sobiya Manzoor","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the popularity of <em>Mushk Budiji</em> rice, changes in the flavor profile of <em>Mushk Budiji</em> rice in storage remains unclear. Herein, the effect of packaging materials and storage conditions on the flavor profile of <em>Mushk Budiji</em> rice was investigated. Results showed that the average percentage of different volatile compounds increased when <em>Mushk Budiji</em> rice was stored in laminated bags under accelerated conditions. Results revealed that the <em>E</em>-nose aroma score significantly (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) increased from 2.17 to 3.09 under ambient storage conditions while as it increased from 2.17 to 3.38 under accelerated conditions. Additionally, under accelerated conditions the free fatty acid content, peroxide values and catalase activity significantly increased (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) from 2.90 % to 4.10 % and 0.44 to1.63 meq/kg &amp; 3.74 to 4.00 U/mg respectively. This study will therefore pave a way forward to identify the flavor changes in <em>Mushk Budiji</em> rice under different storage conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100835"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in cancer detection: A review on electrochemical biosensor technologies","authors":"Valentine Saasa ,&nbsp;Rekerayi Chibagidi ,&nbsp;Keletso Ipileng ,&nbsp;Usisipho Feleni","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A major hurdle in disease management and prevention, particularly for cancer, is the early diagnosis. Improved clinical results are closely linked to timely disease detection, which facilitates effective treatment and alleviates the suffering and financial burden on society caused by diseases. Nonetheless, conventional screening techniques, like biopsies and clinical imaging, are currently limited in detecting cancer at very early stages, are quite expensive, and inaccessible to numerous patients. Detecting cancer earlier increases the likelihood of successful treatment. Presently, many cancers are only identified after they have spread throughout the body. There is a pressing need for efficient and precise methods for cancer detection and clinical diagnosis. The emergence of biosensing platforms offers a non-invasive, portable, user-friendly, costeffective detection tool with high specificity, sensitivity, and reliability for cancer markers. In this review paper, we explore the barriers to early cancer detection and explore the fields of biosensor technologies, including immunosensors, aptasensors, nano/biosensors, enzyme biosensors, and non- enzymetic biosensors, and highlight their potential for detecting cancer biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly electrochemical sensing: An ultra-sensitive voltammetric analysis of ciprofloxacin in human serum, cow's milk and pharmaceutical samples using a glassy carbon electrode modified with poly(Na2[Cu(HR)4])","authors":"Adane Kassa ,&nbsp;Demisachew Shitaw ,&nbsp;Zelalem Bitew ,&nbsp;Atakilt Abebe","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in electrochemistry and electrode surface modification highlight the potential of transition metal coordination compounds as effective modifiers. This study presents sodium tetraresorcinolatocuprate(II) (Na₂[Cu(HR)₄]), a newly synthesized compound characterized using UV–Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, ICP OES, and melting point analysis. A poly(Na₂[Cu(HR)₄])/GCE was fabricated via potentiodynamic techniques, with cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirming the formation of a polymer film that enhanced the electrode's active area and electrocatalytic properties. The developed poly(Na₂[Cu(HR)₄])/GCE was applied for determination of ciprofloxacin (CPF), an antibiotic prone to resistance issues, that requires reliable monitoring in pharmaceutical and biological samples. The poly(Na₂[Cu(HR)₄]) modifier significantly improved CPF detection by reducing its oxidation potential and increasing current response by eightfold compared to unmodified electrodes, suggesting the modifier's catalytic role in CPF oxidation. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed a linear CPF response over concentrations of 1.0 × 10⁻⁸ to 4.0 × 10⁻⁴ M, with detection and quantification limits of 2.0 nM and 6.8 nM, respectively. Analysis of commercial CPF brands showed 98.05–100.00 % accuracy, while spike recovery rates (99.25–100.40 %) and low interference errors (&lt;4.6 %) validated the developed method for complex samples. The presented method is generally useful for determination of electroactive species in real complex samples and may aid in the design of more efficient electrochemical sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal all-in-one hyper-branched rolling circle amplification based biosensor for quantitative and qualitative detection of nucleic acids","authors":"Wentao Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Mu ,&nbsp;Qionglin Wang ,&nbsp;Pin Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng Sun ,&nbsp;Kangbo Liu ,&nbsp;Zhidan Yu ,&nbsp;Lifeng Li ,&nbsp;Xianwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Ligong Hou ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Wancun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Universal, simple, sensitive, and specific approaches for the quantitative and qualitative detection of nucleic acids are urgently needed in clinical diagnosis and biological detection. Therefore, in this study, a universal all-in-one hyper-branched rolling circle amplification (HRCA) based biosensor (referred to as the all-in-one HRCA biosensor) was developed for highly sensitive and specific nucleic acid quantification and quantitative detection using an elaborately screened detection set, which includes a padlock probe, forward primer, reverse primer, and molecular beacon (MB). The developed all-in-one biosensor exhibited a broad linear dynamic range of 1 fM to 0.1 nM and high specificity, enabling discrimination of single base differences in the target sequence. The test results of real samples showed that the established all-in-one HRCA biosensor could be used for qualitative or quantitative detection of nucleic acids in cells, throat swabs, and plasma samples, demonstrating high accuracy. Therefore, we envision that the all-in-one HRCA biosensor can serve as a robust assay for universal, sensitive and specific detection of various nucleic acid targets, as well as clinical molecular diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver nanoparticles for the colorimetric determination of electrolytes by UV–vis spectrophotometry and digital image analysis","authors":"Irati Berasarte,&nbsp;Ane Bordagaray,&nbsp;Rosa Garcia-Arrona,&nbsp;Miren Ostra,&nbsp;Maider Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the colorimetric determination of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium electrolytes was investigated as an alternative to the existing AuNP-based methods. Different synthetic routes were explored, and the characterization and purification of the obtained solutions was performed, reducing particle size from 27 ± 15 nm to 10.3 ± 1.4 nm. A procedure employing UV–Vis spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is proposed to evaluate the success of the purification process. The colorimetric response was achieved with the amino acid Lysine, which causes the aggregation of NPs and leads to a visible color change from yellow to dark orange and red. UV–Vis spectroscopy and digital image analysis (DIA) were used as detection methods, obtaining good results in all cases (R² 0.987–0.998 and 0.959–0.997, respectively). By UV–Vis, the first method for Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ using AgNPs was developed, and by DIA, the first method for all four electrolytes. Finally, an extensive literature search led to the identification of several critical aspects regarding the synthesis and use of AgNPs, and some general considerations were raised.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100831"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a photonic crystal-based biosensing platform for HIV viral load quantification","authors":"Saturnin Ombinda-Lemboumba ,&nbsp;Sello Lebohang Manoto ,&nbsp;Charles Maphanga ,&nbsp;Masixole Yvonne Lugongolo ,&nbsp;Mabotse Tjale ,&nbsp;Luleka Mngwengwe ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Kasem ,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Elfaham ,&nbsp;Ahmed El-Hussein ,&nbsp;Patience Mthunzi-Kufa","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate quantification of HIV viral load (VL) is critical for monitoring antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy. Traditional VL testing methods are often expensive and require centralized laboratory infrastructure, limiting their accessibility in resource-constrained settings. In the current study, we present a photonic crystal (PhC)-based optical biosensor functionalized with anti-HIV-gp120 antibodies for the sensitive detection of HIV-1 pseudovirus. Characterization techniques, including dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analysis, UV–visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, confirmed effective antibody-analyte interactions. Transmission spectroscopy revealed significant resonance wavelength shifts corresponding to varying viral titers. The proposed biosensor demonstrated reliable detection and quantification down to a concentration of 0.99 × 10⁻³ TCID₅₀/ml (D3), with measurable resonance wavelength shifts clearly distinguishable from background signals. The detection limit was as low as 0.99 × 10⁻³ TCID₅₀/ml. Validation with real-time quantitative PCR (rt-qPCR) demonstrated the biosensor's sensitivity. These findings underscore the potential of the PhC-based biosensor as a rapid, accurate, and accessible platform for HIV VL monitoring, particularly in low-resource environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emphasis on sensitivity and accuracy: Design and optimization of a high-sensitivity terahertz photonic crystal fiber sensor for precision analysis of petrochemical-based adulterants in hydrocarbon mixtures","authors":"Shuvo Sen ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abdullah-Al-Shafi","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an innovative octagonal cladding with hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor designed for the identification of kerosene adulteration within the terahertz (THz) spectral domain. The sensor's performance is rigorously assessed through simulations conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics, a high-fidelity platform based on the finite element method (FEM) for analyzing complex electromagnetic behaviors within the fiber structure. The sensor's performance was estimated throughout numerical simulations across frequencies varying from 1.0 to 3 THz. Simulation results demonstrate that the optimized design achieves an outstanding relative sensitivity of 97.20% at a target frequency of 2.2 THz, markedly surpassing the capabilities of existing sensing technologies. Moreover, the sensor exhibits extremely low confinement loss, measured at 6.08 × 10⁻⁸ dB/m, along with a minimal effective material loss of 0.00654 cm⁻¹. These characteristics enable the precise detection of minute refractive index differences associated with the unique chemical profiles of various petroleum-based fuels. The high sensitivity and low-loss performance of the proposed sensor support non-invasive and non-destructive testing, ensuring that the samples remain unaltered during analysis. The exceptional sensitivity and accuracy of the proposed sensing system position it as a highly effective solution for detecting kerosene adulteration, thereby safeguarding the quality of petroleum-based fuels for end users. Furthermore, advanced fabrication methods such as extrusion and additive manufacturing may be utilized to produce the photonic crystal fiber-based sensor with enhanced structural precision and scalability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100823"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}