Sahar Bakhshi , Mahsa Rahmanipour , Amir R. Amirsoleimani , Mostafa Rezazadeh , Hossein Siampour , Ahmad Moshaii
{"title":"Nanopyramid copper structures on screen-printed carbon electrode for high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensing: A cost-effective and scalable approach","authors":"Sahar Bakhshi , Mahsa Rahmanipour , Amir R. Amirsoleimani , Mostafa Rezazadeh , Hossein Siampour , Ahmad Moshaii","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report on the fabrication of a robust non-enzymatic glucose sensor featuring a sensing electrode composed of pyramid-shaped copper/copper oxide (Cu/Cu<sub>2</sub>O) nanostructures formed through a simple electrodeposition process on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The fabrication of Cu/Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanostructures on the SPCE enhances the charge transfer and electrocatalytic performance of the sensor, proving advantageous for glucose sensing. Notably, this morphology contributes to electrochemical glucose determination over a wide linear range of 0.01 to 6 mM, with a sensitivity of 214.04 μA/(mM·cm<sup>2</sup>) and a low detection limit of 0.03 μM. The proposed simple approach ensures high reproducibility, stable attachment to the printed layer, and cost-effectiveness, making it well-suited for scalable production of non-enzymatic glucose sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100706"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of tunable terahertz metamaterial for variable optical attenuation and sensing applications","authors":"Zonghong Wu , Yu-Sheng Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, an actively tunable terahertz metamaterial (TTM) is proposed to realize variable optical attenuation and sensing applications. The unit cell of TTM is composed of H-shaped resonator (HSR) and C-shaped resonator (CSR). The resonant frequency can be tuned from 0.60 THz to 0.82 THz and show an analog electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon. By adjusting the geometry parameters of HSR and CSR, the enhanced quality (Q) factor is obtained from 2 to 14. Moreover, the CSR can be rotated from 0° to 90° to show the potential in the variable optical attenuator (VOA) application. The resonant intensity at 0.60 THz can be gradually decreased and then disappeared eventually when the CSR rotated from 0° to 90° in TE mode. While the resonant intensity at 0.60 THz can be gradually increased and then reach maximum value from 0° to 90° in TM mode. To demonstrate the proposed TTM can be used for the environmental sensing application, the TTM is exposed on the ambient environment with different refractive indexes from 1.0 to 2.2. The maximum sensitivity is 67 GHz. This work offers a novel approach for the THz metamaterial using for the VOA, optical switching, and sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruijiao Miao , Xin Zhang , Jinping Zhang , Shuqin Li , Pu Wang , Xiu-Hong Wang
{"title":"Hollow-core anti-resonant optical fibers for chemical and biomedical sensing","authors":"Ruijiao Miao , Xin Zhang , Jinping Zhang , Shuqin Li , Pu Wang , Xiu-Hong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber (HC-ARF) provides solutions for breaking the bottlenecks in areas of high-power transmission and high-efficiency optical waveguide. Other than transporting light wave, HC-ARFs can synergistically combine microfluidics and optics in a single fiber with unprecedented light path length not readily achievable by planar optofluidic configurations. The unique features of strict light confinement, wide transmission band and low transmission loss of HC-ARFs enable high sensing performance with low sample consumption, outcompeting conventional optical assays. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of HC-ARFs for label-free molecular sensing. We deliver information on the light propagation mechanism and state-of-the-art structures of HC-ARFs, as well as recent progress in chemical and biomedical sensing mainly covering gas, liquid, DNA and protein sensors along with exosome-based liquid biopsy and cancer cell detection. At the end, challenges and prospects of HC-ARF for sensing applications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylwia M. Berus , Tomasz Szymborski , Beata Młynarczyk-Bonikowska , Grażyna Przedpełska , Monika Adamczyk-Popławska , Agnieszka Kamińska
{"title":"Identifying changes in vaginal fluid using SERS: Advancing diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis","authors":"Sylwia M. Berus , Tomasz Szymborski , Beata Młynarczyk-Bonikowska , Grażyna Przedpełska , Monika Adamczyk-Popławska , Agnieszka Kamińska","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaginal infections, medically termed vaginitis, encompass a spectrum of symptomatic presentations arising from disturbances within the vaginal microflora. The conventional diagnostic approach relies on microscopic examination of wet preparation of vaginal discharge, considered the ‘gold standard’ in clinical practice. Complementary to this, culture-based methodologies are often employed to reinforce diagnostic accuracy. However, challenges such as subjectivity in result interpretation, resource-intensive requirements regarding skilled personnel, and reagent utilization underscore the need for alternative diagnostic strategies.</div><div>In this article, we demonstrate surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) techniques to elucidate the molecular signatures present in vaginal fluids, accounting for various influencing factors, including disruptions in the natural microflora, vaginal irrigation practices, and contraceptive usage. Furthermore, we investigated the spectral manifestations associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) relative to control samples. Each clinical specimen underwent meticulous characterization encompassing microbial composition, pH levels, purity, and other pertinent parameters.</div><div>Our findings unveil significant associations between extraneous inflammatory factors such as vaginal irrigation and diminished sample purity with alterations in SERS signals. Conversely, the day of the menstrual cycle phase exhibits negligible influence on spectral profiles. Notably, VVC samples demonstrated diverse spectral responses correlating with the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. These explorations hold promise in paving the path towards developing a novel intrinsic framework for the diagnosis of vaginitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100702"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection of vaccinia virus proteins in wastewater environment using biofunctionalized optical fiber semi-distributed FBG-assisted interferometric probes","authors":"Albina Abdossova , Aina Adilzhankyzy , Kuanysh Seitkamal , Massimo Olivero , Guido Perrone , Wilfried Blanc , Luca Vangelista , Daniele Tosi","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we present the detection of proteins expressed by poxvirus with fiber-optic probes based on a semi-distributed interferometer (SDI) assisted by a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), performing the measurement directly into a wastewater sample. Modern biosafety applications benefit from real-time, dynamic-sensing technologies that can perform diagnostic tasks into a wide set of analytes, with a particular emphasis on wastewater, which appears to collect a significant number of viral titers in urban and indoor environments. The SDI/FBG probe can perform substantial progress in this field, as it embeds a dual sensitivity mechanism to refractive index changes (sensitivity up to 266.1 dB/RIU (refractive index units)) that can be exploited in biosensing, while simultaneously having the capability to measure the temperature (sensitivity 9.888 pm/°C), thus providing an intrinsic cross-sensitivity compensation. In addition, a standard FBG analyzer can be used as an interrogator, improving affordability and real-time detection over previous works. The probes have been functionalized with antibodies specific for L1, A27 and A33 vaccinia virus proteins, performing detection of a protein concentration in a scenario compatible with online viral threat detection. Direct detection of wastewater samples shows that the L1-functionalized sensor has a higher response, 9.1–11.3 times higher than A33 and A27, respectively, with a maximum response of up to 1.99 dB and excellent specificity. Dynamic detection in wastewater shows that the sensors have a response over multiple detection cycles, with a sensitivity of 0.024–0.153 dB for each 10-fold increase of concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100699"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Sung Park , Waqas Ahmad , Kyonghwan Choe , Riaz Ahmad , Tae Ju Park , Myeong Ok Kim
{"title":"Biosensors and biomarkers: A dynamic duo towards Alzheimer's disease detection","authors":"Jun Sung Park , Waqas Ahmad , Kyonghwan Choe , Riaz Ahmad , Tae Ju Park , Myeong Ok Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's disease is the most common and costly chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder, with the highest global public health impact. However, diagnosing this neurodegenerative disorder is challenging and often relies on traditional clinical diagnostics techniques applied after symptoms appear, which are complex, costly, time-consuming, and potentially intrusive methods. This hinders the development of effective tools for Point-of-Care applications. To address these limitations, researchers have been developing several biosensing techniques utilizing biosensors, which have excellent selectivity and sensitivity for detecting Alzheimer's disease biomarkers at an early stage more efficiently and promptly. This comprehensive study focuses on promising biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease detection in various bio-fluids, as well as the accompanying obstacles and advantages. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of current biosensing techniques, focusing on electrochemical and optical biosensors, which are well-known for their exceptional sensitivity and selectivity in detecting Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. These biosensors facilitate the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in point-of-care testing, thereby enhancing point-of-care applications for Alzheimer's disease. We also explore bioelectronic tongues and bioelectronic noses as innovative, non-invasive tools for detecting biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease, which further facilitates point-of-care applications for Alzheimer's disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensitive and real-time monitoring of microbial growth using a dielectric sensor with a 65-GHz LC-oscillator array and polytetrafluoroethylene membrane","authors":"Yoshihisa Yamashige , Siyao Chen , Yuichi Ogawa , Takashi Kawano , Shojiro Kikuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we report a sensitive real-time microbial growth monitoring technique using a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) dielectric sensor with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane. The sensor comprised an LC oscillator array operating at 65-GHz, whose resonant frequency was altered according to the dielectric properties of the region approximately 15 μm from the surface. We previously reported the rapid detection of viable <em>Escherichia coli</em> suspended in a liquid medium using the dielectric sensor; however, sensing growing cells was challenging owing to their tendency to float outside the effective sensing area in the suspended medium. To address this, we propose a new method to enhance the sensitivity of the device using a PTFE membrane that retains cells inside the effective area during measurement. Experiments using <em>Escherichia coli</em> suggested that the use of the membrane more than doubled sensitivity, reducing inspection times for practical applications. Furthermore, experiments with <em>Lactococcus lactis</em>, <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>, and <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> demonstrated that this method can be used to monitor the growth of various microbes. In addition, variations in the output values of each oscillator facilitated the determination of microbial characteristics, such as cell size and growth distribution. This microbial growth monitoring technique is expected to find applications across a wide range of fields, such as food inspection, environmental hygiene monitoring, antibiotic susceptibility testing, new drug discovery, and the exploration of beneficial microbes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100703"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruna Gabriela Pedro , John Alexander Gomez Sanchez , Pedro Bertemes-Filho
{"title":"Sensitivity Approach for Blood Glucose Impedance Data Using the Geselowitz Theorem","authors":"Bruna Gabriela Pedro , John Alexander Gomez Sanchez , Pedro Bertemes-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article presents a preclinical study focused on developing a non-invasive blood glucose monitoring device. Current glucose monitoring methods, such as capillary or venous tests, are inconvenient for frequent use, making continuous monitoring challenging. This study explores the BGP (Bruna Gabriela Pedro) model, which links electrical impedance to blood glucose levels, as a potential alternative. Using the Geselowitz Theorem and impedance spectroscopy in a 4-electrode configuration, the study investigates the relationship between blood conductivity and glucose concentration. Impedance spectra were recorded for five human blood samples with glucose concentrations between 106 and 188 mg/dL. These samples were housed in an insulating container with four stainless steel electrodes. Conductivity was calculated using the Geselowitz Theorem at 1.0, 3.9, and 24.9 kHz. A finite element model built in COMSOL was employed to assess electrode sensitivity, which had a maximum regression error of 3.75 %. The results demonstrated a sigmoid relationship between blood glucose concentration and conductivity, with impedance decreasing non-linearly as glucose levels increased. Sensitivity diminished for glucose concentrations exceeding 188 mg/dL. An increase of 82 mg/dL in glucose concentration led to conductivity changes of 1.14, 2.82, and 5.14 S/m at frequencies of 1.0, 3.9, and 24.9 kHz, respectively. The findings suggest that the BGP analytical model could be refined through the inclusion of additional data on glucose's impact on electrical impedance. These improvements could support the development of non-invasive glucose meters. The research holds significant clinical potential for the creation of a simple, cost-effective glucose monitoring device. Continuous glucose monitoring could enhance diagnostic accuracy and support better therapeutic decision-making, particularly in emergency care. The affordability and accessibility of such a device may benefit a broad patient base.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100698"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiayu Liu , Bohong Zhang , Amjed Abdullah , Sura A. Muhsin , Jie Huang , Mahmoud Almasri
{"title":"A Fiber optics based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy sensor for chemical and biological sensing","authors":"Jiayu Liu , Bohong Zhang , Amjed Abdullah , Sura A. Muhsin , Jie Huang , Mahmoud Almasri","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates an innovative surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor developed on a side-polished multimode optical fiber core. The optical fiber was integrated into specifically designed 3-dimensional printed mold, where manual polishing of the fiber took place. Microsphere Photolithography (MPL) techniques was employed to pattern periodic nanoantenna arrays on the polished surface, incorporating multiple disk diameters at a fixed periodicity. Subsequent gold deposition/lift-off were carried out to transfer the pattern from the photoresist to the fiber core, resulting in highly periodic hexagonal closed pack (HCP) arrays of nanodisks. These arrays can significantly enhance the SERS signal intensity compared to that of the fiber tip. The sensor's performance was demonstrated using various concentrations of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye ranging from 10<sup>−5</sup> to 10<sup>−9</sup> M as a function of disk diameter and sensing surface area. The resulting spectra revealed characteristic peak positions that aligned well with the fingerprint Raman spectra of R6G. The results demonstrates that the sensitivity is 10<sup>−9</sup> M for the sensor with an 800 nm disk diameter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100686"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Homayoun Asadzadeh , Scott Renkes , MinJun Kim , George Alexandrakis
{"title":"Computational and experimental study of AC measurements performed by a double-nanohole plasmonic nanopore sensor on 20 nm silica nanoparticles","authors":"Homayoun Asadzadeh , Scott Renkes , MinJun Kim , George Alexandrakis","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel method of AC sensing is presented that uses a double nanohole (DNH) nanoaperture atop a solid-state nanopore (ssNP) to trap analytes and measure their optical and electrical properties. In this method analytes are propelled by an external applied voltage towards the sensor until they are trapped at the DNH-ssNP interface via a self-induced back action (SIBA) plasmonic force. We have previously named this method SIBA Actuated Nanopore Electrophoresis (SANE) sensing and have shown its ability to perform concurrent optical and DC electrical measurements. Here, we extend this method to AC sensing of 20 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> (silica) nanoparticles, using voltage modulation over a wide range of frequencies applied on top of a baseline DC bias. The sensor was constructed using two-beam GFIS Focused Ion Beam (FIB) lithography, incorporating Ne FIB to mill the DNH and He FIB to drill a central 30 nm ssNP. We utilized COMSOL Multiphysics simulations to explore the multi-frequency AC current conductance properties of the silica nanoparticles trapped at the SANE sensor. These simulations computed conductance changes and phase shifts induced by the presence of the nanoparticle over an AC frequency range of 20 Hz to 100 kHz. Experimental measurements confirmed the trends seen in the computational data. Additional computational studies were then performed to dissect the underlying mechanisms driving the observed AC measurements. Looking forward, we aim to adapt this technology for probing therapeutic nanoparticles non-invasively, offering a promising tool for enhancing quality control of nanoparticle-mediated drug and gene delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100694"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}