Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research最新文献

{"title":"Adaptive resolution in speckle displacement measurement using optimized grid-based phase correlation and statistical refinement","authors":"Hamed Sabahno ,&nbsp;Satyam Paul ,&nbsp;Davood Khodadad","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Speckle metrology is a powerful optical sensing tool for non-destructive testing (NDT) and advanced surface characterization, enabling ultra-precise measurements of surface deformations and displacements. These capabilities are critical for material analysis and surface assessment in sensing-driven applications. However, traditional correlation methods often struggle to balance resolution and robustness, particularly when simultaneously measuring both small- and large-scale deformations in noisy, high-frequency data environments. In this paper, we present an adaptive resolution approach for speckle displacement measurement that combines grid-based phase correlation with statistical refinement for enhanced accuracy and resolution.</div><div>Unlike traditional phase correlation techniques that rely on global correlation, our method introduces a flexible grid-based framework with localized correlation and dynamic overlap adjustments. To improve measurement performance, we developed an optimization technique that uses the median absolute deviation of residuals between reference and deformed images, enabling the algorithm to automatically adapt grid sizes based on local deformation characteristics. This allows it to handle both small- and large-scale deformations simultaneously and effectively. The approach resulted in a relative error reduction of up to 14 % compared to the best of the results obtained using a manually fixed grid size.</div><div>The proposed sensing methodology is validated through a series of numerical simulations and experimental studies, including controlled deformations with a micrometer translation stage and random speckle displacements on water-sprayed surfaces. Results demonstrate that our method can accurately detect both known and unknown deformations with high accuracy and precision, outperforming traditional techniques in terms of adaptability and robustness, particularly for surface deformation analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100790"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal reduction synthesis approach of reduced graphene oxide for the preparation of a label-free and prompt immuno sensing of Salmonella enterica via electrochemical techniques","authors":"Nahid Rehman ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Pandey ,&nbsp;Anjana Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work comprises an immunosensor fabrication decorated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) onto Indium tin oxide (ITO) coated electrodes to detect <em>Salmonella enterica</em> antigen. The rGO was synthesized with a modified Hummer technique and characterized via UV, XRD, FTIR, RAMAN and SEM techniques. The synthesized rGO was optimized at different concentrations to develop an immunosensor. An EDC-NHS interaction immobilized the monoclonal antibody against the selected antigen. Electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were deployed to characterize the modified electrodes in 5 mM Zobell's solution, followed by a differential pulse voltammetry analysis for sensor validation. The fabricated sensor has a 44 CFU/mL detection limit (LoD) and a 135 CFU/mL quantification limit (LoQ) with a linear range of 10¹–10⁷ CFU/mL. This proposed immunosensor can be applied to any sample containing traces of <em>Salmonella enterica.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasensitive label-free ratiometric colorimetric sensor for free chlorine detection in tap water based on a novel brilliant blue-Au NCs","authors":"Dongning Li ,&nbsp;Yanli Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Xu ,&nbsp;Wenfang Sun ,&nbsp;Haiping Ni ,&nbsp;Xiangping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, Au nanoclusters was prepared under the guidance of a synthetic colorant brilliant blue (BB-Au NCs). The microstructure and crystal structure of the resulting products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The absorbance of BB-Au NCs at 247 nm was enhanced while the absorbance at 308 and 630 nm was reduced by free chlorine, an unavoidable and ubiquitous disinfection byproduct. The optical properties of BB-Au NCs and the influence of free chlorine were analyzed using computational chemistry methods based on density functional theory (DFT). The ratio of absorbance of BB-Au NCs at 247 and 630 nm was used for accurate quantitative determination of free chlorine in a range from 5 to 50 μM, with the detection limit is 1 μM. This method demonstrates potential application for simple and environmentally friendly detection of free chlorine in water samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100785"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiphysical model of CMUT array based on modal decomposition and the Rayleigh integral","authors":"A.E. Biriukov,&nbsp;A.M. Korsunsky","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a high number of modeling techniques for calculation of characteristics of capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers. Very few of them are capable of calculation of the acoustic field, especially when the number of cells in the array is huge. Implementation of an approach based on superposition of modes and the Rayleigh integral is suggested. A computer model, utilizing this approach, also includes other methods for calculation of related parameters. A mass-spring-damper model is used to determine the lumped parameters and influence of the softening effect. Solution to a thin plate equation gives eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes used to find the membrane's response to an arbitrary excitation. For accurate evaluation of an acoustic field, the model discretizes normal velocity on a surface of the array. The array supports simple generation with individual phase shifts between the cells. The model is parametrized and adapted for an interface with user. An example object with specified physical and geometrical parameters is given. The key mechanical and acoustical characteristics are presented for the provided example object with a detailed description for their calculation. The model is verified by comparison to FEM within these characteristics. An acoustical study is conducted for an array with 4 example cells for two cases of phase shifts. The effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with FEA is provided: in terms of time for following studies: lumped parameters, eigenvalues, frequency response (mechanical and acoustical) and radiation pattern; in terms of accuracy for a parametric lumped parameters study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100784"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and electrocatalytic performance of CoW11CpFe@Cu-BTC/MWCNTs-COOH modified glassy carbon electrode for simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid","authors":"Somayeh Kochebaghi ,&nbsp;Somayeh Dianat","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) is clinically important but challenging due to their similar properties, which often lead to poor sensitivity and specificity in traditional diagnostic methods.</div><div>To address this, the study presents a novel hybrid nanocomposite-POM@MOF/MWCNTs-COOH-engineered for the selective and sensitive detection of both biomarkers. The material was thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Electrochemical profiling was conducted using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and amperometry. Under optimal conditions, the sensor demonstrated linear detection ranges of 5–100 μM and 100–550 μM for DA, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.16 μM, and 200–950 μM and 950–4450 μM for UA, with an LOD of 0.82 μM, as determined by DPV. These findings highlight the potential of our novel hybrid nanocomposite as a promising tool for clinical diagnostics. This innovative hybrid nanocomposite offers significant advantages over existing sensing platforms for DA and UA detection. Its unique combination of high acidity, oxygen-rich surface, and robust redox capabilities enables simultaneous detection of both analytes with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. The sensor's exceptional electrocatalytic performance positions it as a promising tool for clinical diagnostics, potentially improving healthcare outcomes through accurate biomarker detection at clinically relevant concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and fabrication of multiplex microfluidic LAMP PCR for simultaneous detection of opportunistic protozoa","authors":"Fatemeh Mahdavi ,&nbsp;Maryam Niyyati ,&nbsp;Amir Shamloo ,&nbsp;Rasool Dezhkam ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammadali Hoseinian ,&nbsp;Seyyed Javad Seyyedtabaei ,&nbsp;Hamed Mirjalali","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intestinal parasites are a health problem in many regions, especially in developing countries. <em>Giardia lamblia</em>, <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., and <em>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</em> are of great diagnostic importance, particularly in immunocompromised patients and children. This study aimed to develop a multiplex microfluidic LAMP (MμLAMP) PCR for rapid detection of three protozoa. The LAMP primers were designed for the parasites. The microfluidic disk with different compartments was designed using AutoCAD software and fabricated by laser beam. After DNA extraction, the amplifications were performed for all positive samples using MμLAMP PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of tests were calculated and the results were compared to the real-time PCR. The LAMP analysis revealed that 29/30 (96.7 %), 12/19 (63.2 %), and 25/30 (83.3 %) samples were positive for <em>G. lamblia</em>, <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., and <em>E. bieneusi</em>, respectively. The specificity results of the LAMP method were high and the sensitivity test results indicated that the LAMP method has the ability to detect 180 ag/μL of <em>G. lamblia</em> DNA, 2.5 fg/μL of <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. DNA, and 34 ag/μL of <em>E. bieneusi</em> DNA. The multiplex accuracy results of microfluidic disk showed that none of two-parasite DNA mixes with their non-specific primers cause false positive results. The present study simultaneously detects <em>G. lamblia</em>, <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., and <em>E. bieneusi</em>. The current results indicate that the MμLAMP PCR method is a rapid, sensitive, and highly specific method for simultaneous detection of <em>G. lamblia</em>, <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp., and <em>E. bieneusi</em> in clinical studies, making it a suitable tool for screening and point of care (PoC) testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100787"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of eco-friendly and cost-effective electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of 4-aminophenol and paracetamol in water","authors":"Antía Fdez-Sanromán ,&nbsp;Najib Ben Messaoud ,&nbsp;Marta Pazos ,&nbsp;Emilio Rosales ,&nbsp;Raquel Barbosa Queirós","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pharmaceutical waste contamination is an increasing environmental concern due to its persistence and potential adverse impact on aquatic ecosystems. Among these contaminants, paracetamol (PA) and 4-aminophenol (4-AP) are prevalent in urban wastewater due to their widespread use. Accurate detection of these compounds is essential for environmental risk assessment and mitigation strategies. In this study, an electrochemical sensor based on carbon screen-printed electrodes (C-SPEs) modified with functionalized carbon nanofibers (CNF-COOH) was developed for the simultaneous detection of PA and 4-AP. The electrochemical performance of commercially available gold and carbon-based SPEs was evaluated, demonstrating superior sensitivity for PA and 4-AP with C-SPEs. The incorporation of CNF-COOH improved electron transfer and increased surface area, enhancing both sensitivity and selectivity by facilitating stronger interactions with the target analytes. The novel C-SPE/CNF-COOH sensor achieved detection limits of 0.002 mM for PA and 0.007 mM for 4-AP. It was successfully tested in real freshwater samples, demonstrating high accuracy even in complex matrices. This innovative methodology provides a rapid, cost-effective, and portable analytical tool for routine monitoring of pharmaceutical contaminants, enabling more accurate environmental risk assessments and supporting the implementation of more efficient management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100782"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in nano-enhanced biosensors: Innovations in design, applications in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety, and emerging research challenges","authors":"Mohamed Hemdan ,&nbsp;Khaled Abuelhaded ,&nbsp;Abanoub A.S. Shaker ,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Ashour ,&nbsp;Moustafa M. Abdelaziz ,&nbsp;Mohammed I. Dahab ,&nbsp;Yara A. Nassar ,&nbsp;Amir M.M. Sarguos ,&nbsp;Pola S. Zakaria ,&nbsp;Haidy A. Fahmy ,&nbsp;Sherif S. Abdel Mageed ,&nbsp;Mariam O.A. Hamed ,&nbsp;Mahmoud F. Mubarak ,&nbsp;Mostafa A. Taher ,&nbsp;Najla F. Gumaah ,&nbsp;Ahmed H. Ragab","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of nanotechnology into biosensor design has propelled significant advancements, transforming them into essential tools for precise and rapid detection in diverse fields. This comprehensive review highlights the latest innovations in nanotechnology-enhanced biosensors, emphasizing their role in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety. It explores how advancements in signal transduction, detection limits, and surface functionalisation have enabled early disease diagnosis through biomarker detection, precise therapeutic drug monitoring, and real-time health assessments. In environmental applications, these biosensors offer unparalleled accuracy in detecting pollutants and pathogens, addressing critical challenges in water and air quality monitoring. In food safety, they ensure rapid identification of contaminants, including toxins, pesticide residues, and pathogens, supporting compliance with stringent safety standards. The review also examines challenges such as scalability and regulatory constraints, while discussing the transformative potential of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and 3D printing. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the evolving applications and future potential of nanotechnology-driven biosensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100783"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A screen-printed carbon electrode modified with a green synthesized gold nanoparticle for selective detection of nitrite in drinking water sample","authors":"M.V. Arularasu ,&nbsp;T.V. Rajendran ,&nbsp;R. Vignesh ,&nbsp;Vinod Kumar Nelson ,&nbsp;Shaik Mohammed Yusuf","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanomaterials are used in numerous applications such as medicine, environmental remediation, food packaging, and biomedical applications. Nanoparticle synthesis using the eco-friendly technique shows a fascinating property compared to conventional chemical route methods. In this work, we demonstrate an eco-friendly synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the <em>Acacia nilotica</em> leaf extract. AuNPs modified screen-printed electrode was applied for electrochemical detection of nitrite. Synthesized AuNPs were characterized by various techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, and UV–visible analysis. FT-IR result of AuNPs demonstrate the distinct functional groups involved in the formation of AuNPs. FE-SEM confirms the AuNPs towards agglomeration and tiny nanoparticles were obtained in uniformly spherical in shape. The TEM analysis revealed AuNPs have small spherical nanoparticles with a size ranging from 10 to 20 nm and EDX result displayed the presence of Au element. The UV–visible absorbance band appeared at 584 nm due to surface plasmon resonance, which confirms the reduction of Au ions to elemental AuNPs. At optimized conditions, a wide linear response range from 0.1 to 1000 μM and a relatively low detection limit (0.03 μM) was observed for electrochemical detection of nitrite ion by modified AuNPs/SPCE electrode. Moreover, the sensor demonstrates outstanding repeatability, selectivity, reproducibility, and storage stability. Thus, the fabricated, AuNPs/SPCE electrode has versatile, practical applications for detecting nitrite in aquatic media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100781"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-Chip DO sensor based on phosphorescence lifetime spectroscopy for investigation of activation parameters in photodynamic therapy of cancers","authors":"E. Heydari ,&nbsp;S. Delavari ,&nbsp;K. Hajisharifi ,&nbsp;S. Emadi ,&nbsp;H. Radnaseri ,&nbsp;M. Moeini ,&nbsp;H. Mehdian ,&nbsp;A. Erdem ,&nbsp;G. Bai ,&nbsp;M. Razzaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 3D-printed optofluidic chip with an embedded dissolved oxygen sensor, empowered with a time-resolved phosphorescence lifetime spectroscopy platform, is developed for indirect analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamics in photodynamic therapy (PDT). This platform is implemented for continuous evaluation of ROS production/elimination through real-time measurement of photoluminescence (PL) lifetime (<span><math><mi>τ</mi></math></span>) during PDT treatment, revealing the key contributions of the photosensitizer (PS), excitation laser, and the medium in ROS generation during this process. Rose Bengal (RB) is utilized as a PS to demonstrate this system's capability to analyze and tune the PS activation parameters such as PS concentration, laser exposure time, and power. In addition, the platform provides important information on the medium activation duration, the maximum changes in the PL lifetime (<span><math><mo>∆</mo><mi>τ</mi></math></span>_max), and the time to reach <span><math><mo>∆</mo><mi>τ</mi></math></span>_max. For the Dulbecco's modified eagle medium high glucose (DMEM HG) containing fetal bovine serum (FBS), RB, and A375 human melanoma cell line as a representative example, these parameters are 1070 s, 4.4 μs, and 780 s respectively. Two ROS scavengers of sodium pyruvate (SP) and terephthalic acid (TA) are used to demonstrate that more than 90 % of the change in the <span><math><mi>τ</mi></math></span> corresponds to OH• and H₂O₂ radicals, confirming the correlation between ROS generation/elimination and <span><math><mi>τ</mi></math></span> variations. Moreover, this system is compared with conventional absorption and photoluminescent methods based on 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) indicator. Unlike DPBF and similar indicators, this on-chip system besides providing real-time data on the dynamics of activation and deactivation of the PSs, enables distinguishing the contribution of various parameters, and is not consumed during the measurement and can be reused multiple times. Therefore, the developed platform is potentially beneficial for on-chip drug analysis and development in PDT therapy, as well as other biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100779"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}