Advances in cancer detection: A review on electrochemical biosensor technologies

Abstract

A major hurdle in disease management and prevention, particularly for cancer, is the early diagnosis. Improved clinical results are closely linked to timely disease detection, which facilitates effective treatment and alleviates the suffering and financial burden on society caused by diseases. Nonetheless, conventional screening techniques, like biopsies and clinical imaging, are currently limited in detecting cancer at very early stages, are quite expensive, and inaccessible to numerous patients. Detecting cancer earlier increases the likelihood of successful treatment. Presently, many cancers are only identified after they have spread throughout the body. There is a pressing need for efficient and precise methods for cancer detection and clinical diagnosis. The emergence of biosensing platforms offers a non-invasive, portable, user-friendly, costeffective detection tool with high specificity, sensitivity, and reliability for cancer markers. In this review paper, we explore the barriers to early cancer detection and explore the fields of biosensor technologies, including immunosensors, aptasensors, nano/biosensors, enzyme biosensors, and non- enzymetic biosensors, and highlight their potential for detecting cancer biomarkers.