Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research最新文献

{"title":"Nanoengineered diagnostic surface for efficient detection of MMP1 cancer biomarkers","authors":"Graziele Cruzado ,&nbsp;Alexis Marion ,&nbsp;Edward Harvey ,&nbsp;Geraldine Merle","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer, a global health concern, necessitates improved diagnostic tools for early detection and personalized treatment strategies. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), crucial in cancer progression, degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and facilitate metastasis. MMP1, notable for its role in ECM degradation and tumor promotion, is implicated in various cancers. Detecting MMP1 early offers critical insights into cancer progression and treatment efficacy. Traditional diagnostic methods are invasive and time-consuming, prompting the development of more efficient detection techniques. Here, we introduce an electrochemical peptide-based biosensor for sensitive MMP1 detection. Utilizing gold nanostructures to enhance surface area and signal-to-noise ratio, the biosensor employs ferrocene-labeled peptides sensitive to MMP1 hydrolysis, enabling voltammetric detection. This approach combines nanotechnology with electrochemical techniques for enhanced sensitivity and specificity, promising transformative impacts on cancer diagnostics. The biosensor exhibits a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.27 ng/mL and demonstrates exceptional specificity towards MMP1, highlighting its potential for precise MMP1 detection in clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100761"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetraphenylethylene fluorophore-based AIE-fluorescent ionogels","authors":"Xuejing Zhai ,&nbsp;Jinxue Zhao ,&nbsp;Xinghai Wang ,&nbsp;Yahui Wen ,&nbsp;Peiyi Li ,&nbsp;Qiancheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Lidong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) systems face challenges in low-visibility environments, particularly for monitoring applications at night, due to optical and electrical signal feedback limitations. To address this issue, we developed fluorescent ionogels (TPPE-IL) by incorporating TPPE into an ionic liquid matrix. This innovative combination enhances the performance of wearable electronic devices through improved ionic conductivity, softness, and transparency. TPPE-IL exhibits significantly higher fluorescence intensity than hydrogel systems, making it more effective for nighttime monitoring. It demonstrates exceptional fluorescence stability during continuous stretch-release cycles (1000 s) and robust adhesive properties. Additionally, it exhibits excellent environmental stability and dehydration resistance. The sensitivity of TPPE-IL as a sensing material is 1.85, making it suitable for high-performance deformation sensors. Notably, the strain sensor based on TPPE-IL enables real-time monitoring of human and giant salamander movements at night, providing high sensitivity and reliable signal response. This study highlights the potential of TPPE ionogels in wearable electronics and ecological monitoring, offering a significant reference for developing new fluorescent ionogels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100768"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective and simultaneous electrochemical detection of amoxicillin and paracetamol in pharmaceuticals and serum using a mixed-ligand poly(Co(II)-phenanthroline, diresorcinate) modified electrode","authors":"Dereje Birhanu ,&nbsp;Alemu Tesfaye ,&nbsp;Adane Kassa ,&nbsp;Getinet Tamiru Tigineh ,&nbsp;Amare Benor ,&nbsp;Atakilt Abebe","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal coordination compounds are emerging as good alternative electrode modifiers for detection of various electroactive analytes due to their several appropriate features such as that they can provide high sensitivity, selectivity, electrical conductivity, and a larger surface area. This study reports the use of carefully designed and prepared cobalt(II) complex using resorcinolate (HR⁻) and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen) having a formula of Co(HR)₂(phen) (DHRPCo), with electroactivity and a tetrahedral geometry. The later properties are important for its easy polymerization and impart porous surface on the electrode surface. This complex was used for the fabrication of metal complex-based polymer film-modified electrode for the simultaneous analysis of amoxicillin (AMX) and paracetamol (PTM). Using cyclic voltammetric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods, the potentiodynamic (employing a potential range) synthesis of poly(diresorcinate-1,10-phenanthrolinecobalt(II)) modified glassy carbon electrode (poly(DHRPCo)/GCE) was confirmed. The poly(DHRPCo)/GCE in an equimolar combination of AMX and PTM showed adequately separated oxidative peaks with significantly improved peak current, indicating the polymer film's electrocatalytic property towards the oxidation of AMX and PTM, as compared to the unmodified GCE. The poly(DHRPCo)/GCE electrode demonstrated a linear oxidative peak current response to AMX and PTM concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 400.0 μM under optimum pH and square wave voltammetric configurations. The detection limits were 20.50 nM for AMX and 4.03 nM for PTM. While interference recovery errors were less than 4.84 % for both analytes, the range of spike recovery rates for AMX and PTM was 99.00 % to 100.45 % and 99.33 % to 100.05 %, respectively. The technique showed outstanding electrode stability and a high degree of agreement between the detected and nominal values of AMX and PTM in tablet samples. These results confirm the reliability of the developed approach for simultaneous quantification of AMX and PTM in diverse real-world samples. Its application to pharmaceutical tablets and human blood serum further highlights its potential as an effective analytical tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methane detection approach based on THz wave absorber","authors":"Alireza Barati Haghverdi ,&nbsp;Ilghar Rezaei ,&nbsp;Amir Ali Mohammad Khani ,&nbsp;Toktam Aghaee","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A simple and efficient methane detection approach has been developed in this paper. A THz wave absorber sensitive to refractive index is designed. The proposed absorber mainly uses nested graphene rings and continuous graphene sheets. Two scenarios are followed in this paper. Firstly, a simple single layer including graphene rings on top of the Kapton dielectric and backside coated gold is suggested. The graphene rings face free space or polluted air with a known refractive index in this situation. The second scenario considers the sample (probably toxic polluted air) in the middle layer and also in free space. Both states are mathematically modeled in terms of referred impedance. Additionally, full-wave simulations are also performed. The equivalent impedance can reveal the absorption response of the structure with the aim of impedance matching or maximum power transmission theorem. Interestingly, the impedance modeling converges to the numerical full-wave simulation, verifying efficient mathematical modeling. Furthermore, ample simulation results are provided to investigate the robustness and reliability of the proposed methane optical detector. Based on the findings, the proposed detector is highly appropriate for gas detection, specifically for the healthcare industry due to using Kapton which makes it flexible and wearable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100758"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel electrochemical aptasensor for L-tryptophan detection utilizing photoluminescent covalent organic polymer","authors":"Farzaneh Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Roushani ,&nbsp;Mina Nasibipour ,&nbsp;Mehrangiz Bahrami ,&nbsp;S. Jafar Hoseini","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel method was developed for the sensitive detection of L-tryptophan (Trp) utilizing an imine-linked covalent organic polymer (COP) with inherent photoluminescent properties. The COP was synthesized through the reaction of aminoclay (AC) with terephthalaldehyde (TPA). This COP incorporates building blocks featuring a large conjugated aromatic skeleton, high stability, a rough surface, and uniform morphology, facilitating effective binding with aptamers. Electrochemical testing results demonstrated that the aptasensor based on the COP significantly enhanced the detection of Trp, achieving an exceptionally low detection limit of 0.03 fM within a Trp concentration range of 0.1 fM to 500 nM. This detection limit surpasses those of most other reported Trp sensors. Furthermore, the aptamer-based biosensor exhibited remarkable stability and repeatability. This study introduces a new electrochemical sensing approach for Trp detection based on the COP, showcasing a comprehensive understanding of COP-based biosensor design that can be extended to detect various target compounds. The proposed method presents an innovative and cost-effective solution for the swift and accurate identification of Trp using the COP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100773"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of novel oligomeric Co(II) complexes of 4,4′-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline modified glassy carbon electrode for differential pulse voltammetric determination of ciprofloxacin","authors":"Mezgebu Biresaw ,&nbsp;Adane Kassa ,&nbsp;Getinet Tamiru Tigineh ,&nbsp;Atakilt Abebe","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two new oligomer mixed ligand complexes, comprising 21 ([Co₂₁(phen)₄₂(bipy)₂₁]Cl₄₂ (C2)) and 100 monomer units ([Co₁₀₀(phen)₂₀₀(bipy)₁₀₀]Cl₂₀₀ (C3)) were synthesized. These complexes, designated as [Co₂₁(phen)₄₂(bipy)₂₁]Cl₄₂ (C2) and [Co₁₀₀(phen)₂₀₀(bipy)₁₀₀]Cl₂₀₀ (C3), were employed for the modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to detect ciprofloxacin (CPF) in tablet formulations and human urine samples. By potentiodynamic deposition, the modified electrodes (poly(C2)/GCE) and (poly(C3)/GCE) were prepared, forming a conductive electroactive film on the GCE surface. The modified electrodes were characterized using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which revealed an increased effective surface area and a significant reduction in charge transfer resistance of the electrode. An oxidative peak at a lower potential with a six-fold increase in peak current was observed at the poly(C2)/GCE. The absence of a reductive peak in the reverse scan indicated the irreversibility of the electrochemical oxidation of CPF. The correlation coefficient between the peak current and the square root of the scan rate indicated that CPF oxidation at the poly(C2)/GCE was primarily controlled by diffusion mass transport. With a detection limit of 3.4 × 10⁻⁹ M, the voltammetric current response of CPF at the poly(C2)/GCE under optimal circumstances showed a linear trend with concentrations ranging from 5.0 × 10⁻⁸ to 2.0 × 10⁻⁴ M. It was discovered that the CPF levels in the examined tablet brands fell between 98.35 % and 101.30 % of their stated ranges. The recovery results for tablet and urine samples ranged from 99.44 % to 99.95 % and 99.25 % to 100.51 %, respectively, with interference recovery showing an error of less than 4.73 %. When it came to determining CPF in tablet formulations and human urine samples, the new approach outperformed recently published voltammetric methods. This superiority can be attributed to the simplicity of the electrode modification step, the lowest limit of detection, and a reasonably wide linear dynamic range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in hazardous gases detection: Using dual structures of photonic crystal fiber-based sensor","authors":"Pratishtha Pandey ,&nbsp;Sapana Yadav ,&nbsp;Adarsh Chandra Mishra ,&nbsp;D.K. Dwivedi ,&nbsp;Pooja Lohia ,&nbsp;R.K. Yadav ,&nbsp;Upendra Kulshrestha ,&nbsp;Vipin Kumar ,&nbsp;Prabhu Paramasivam ,&nbsp;R. Bousbih ,&nbsp;M. Khalid Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comparative analysis of two distinct nonlinear elliptical hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based sensors designed for the detection of three gaseous analytes, namely CCl₄ (<em>n</em> = 1.461), SnCl₄ (<em>n</em> = 1.5086) and C₁₀H₁₆ (<em>n</em> = 1.472). A comprehensive examination is conducted across a wide wavelength range (1.2 μm–2.6 μm). In order to enhance both the fabrication tolerance and sensing performance of the proposed sensors, investigations have been conducted on the diameter of circular and elliptical-shaped air holes, as well as the dimensions of struts and the core size. Silica works as background material for both the sensors. The sensing parameters including relative sensitivity, effective area, birefringence, and dispersion, have been obtained for two different sensors proposed for evaluation. The numerical investigation employs the finite element method based on Comsol Multiphysics. When comparing both sensors, sensor design-2 stands out with an impressive nonlinear coefficient value of 15.470 W⁻¹Km⁻¹, a higher relative sensitivity of 98.386 %, enhanced effective area of 1.134× 10⁻¹¹ m², comparable effective refractive index of 1.496 and significant birefringence −4.701 × 10⁻⁵, along with low confinement loss for SnCl₄ followed by CCl₄ and C₁₀H₁₆ at 1.2 μm operating wavelength, owing to its higher refractive index compared to sensor design-1 for same sensing analyte. The designed model holds potential applications in sensing, bio-sensing research, and related fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100738"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pressure sensor made of laser-induced graphene@carbon ink in a waste sponge substrate using novel and simple fabricaing process for health monitoring","authors":"Aoxun Liang ,&nbsp;Weijie Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanrui Cui ,&nbsp;Peihua Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinkun Chen ,&nbsp;Junlong Zhai ,&nbsp;Wenhao Dong ,&nbsp;Xueye Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a laser-induced graphene (LIG)@ carbon ink sponge (GCS) pressure sensor. This sensor has the advantage of low cost, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost by using simple materials (carbon ink and sponge) and processes. It has a high linearity with R² = 0.996, a high sensitivity S = 3.68 kPa⁻¹, a response time of 400 ms, and a recovery time of 300 ms. Meanwhile, to reduce the interference of sweat and water vapor in a high-humidity environment, the hydrophobic Ecoflex material is selected and improved by using SiO₂ for packaging, enhancing the practicability of the sensor. The sensor is soft in texture and suitable for human health monitoring, and can be attached to different parts of the human body to monitor various physiological signals. By monitoring the click frequency of the mouse and keyboard, the bending of the arm, the cough at the neck (analyzing its frequency, intensity, and time pattern), the mechanical parameters when walking at the center of the sole, the physiological signal of clenching the fist, and the pressure change when holding a water cup at the center of the palm, it provides a assistance for related fields such as motor function assessment, diagnosis of respiratory system diseases, disease diagnosis and rehabilitation treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100730"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid crystal template-assisted electrodeposition of nanoporous nickel microspheres: A sensitive electrochemical sensing platform for electrocatalytic oxidation and quantitative determination of l-carnitine","authors":"R. Dehdari Vais ,&nbsp;M. Negahdary ,&nbsp;S.R. Rasouli Nasrabadi ,&nbsp;A. Rahi ,&nbsp;S.A. Dastgheib ,&nbsp;H. Heli","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>l</span>-carnitine (LC) is a vital constituent of mammalian tissues, has a significant role in the function of different biological systems, and its determination is of great interest. Electrochemical sensing using nickelaceous nanostructured electrocatalysts offers potential interests and advantages. In the present study, nanoporous nickel microspheres (NNiMs) were electrodeposited and then utilized as an electrode modifier for the electrocatalytic oxidation and determination of LC. NNiMs were electrodeposited on a nickel substrate from a liquid crystal medium containing nickel (II) chloride, and Triton X-100 under a potentiostatic condition. The surface morphological characterization of the obtained nanoporous microspheres was followed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. NNiMs were transformed into the corresponding oxides by applying consecutive potential cycles in an alkaline medium, and the electron transfer coefficient and apparent charge transfer rate constant of the redox species present on the modified electrode surface were calculated as 0.59 and 0.54 s⁻¹, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and steady-state polarization measurements were used for assessing the electrocatalytic oxidation mechanism and kinetics of LC on the NNiMs surface. Based on these measurements, an LC diffusion coefficient of 4.1 × 10⁻⁶ cm² s⁻¹, a catalytic rate constant of 4.0 × 10⁴ cm³ mol⁻¹ s⁻¹, and an electron transfer coefficient of 0.41 were achieved. The proposed sensor was then employed as a sensitive amperometric sensor for determination of LC with a linear dynamic range of 25 to 217 μmol L⁻¹, a calibration sensitivity of 67.85 mA L mol⁻¹, and a detection limit of 3.2 μmol L⁻¹. The designed sensing platform depicted a stable and reproducible response and insignificant interference from the common species found in the biological fluids and pharmaceutical formulations. Taking all these features together, the developed determination method can be satisfactorily exploited as a simple and quick tool for direct analysis of LC in pharmaceutical oral solutions and human serum samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100743"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TraxVBF: A hybrid transformer-xLSTM framework for EMG signal processing and assistive technology development in rehabilitation","authors":"Seyyed Ali Zendehbad ,&nbsp;Athena Sharifi Razavi ,&nbsp;Marzieh Allami Sanjani ,&nbsp;Zahra Sedaghat ,&nbsp;Saleh Lashkari","doi":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fact that people with mobility impairments often have great difficulties in performing essential Activities of Daily Living (ADL) shows the importance of developing effective rehabilitation strategies. To address this need, we propose TraxVBF, a multimodal visual biofeedback submodel using surface Electromyography (sEMG) signals and kinematic movement data to exploit muscle synergy patterns. TraxVBF offers innovative real time visual feedback that can be used to enhance neurorehabilitation systems. Pre-processing and extracting muscle synergy patterns is performed by the Hierarchical Fast Alternating Least Squares (Fast-HALS) algorithm, and key movement points are identified with the Modified MediaPipe algorithm to capture temporal and spatial dynamics with precision using TraxVBF, which is driven by Extended Long Short-Term Memory (xLSTM) and Transformer architectures. This allows the model to predict movement trajectories accurately, enabling motor learning and functional recovery of patients through real time feedback without the expensive hardware. The model is shown to significantly improve performance metrics such as Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Coefficient of Determination (R²). For healthy participants, TraxVBF-type Base outperforms state of the art models (LSTM and GRU) with an MSE of 0.06 and R² of 0.89. Practical evaluations with an average R² of 0.880 for healthy participants and 0.327 for patients demonstrate the model generalizability. These results indicate that TraxVBF may be a useful tool to improve motor learning and rehabilitation, and longer term clinical trials and multi-sensory biofeedback are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":424,"journal":{"name":"Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}