Jarida la Kiswahili最新文献_第2页

Uchangamani wa Muundo wa Majina ya Watu: Mifano kutoka Lugha ya Kihaya

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.11

A. Buberwa

引用次数: 0

Examining Language Accessibility in the Linguistic Landscape of Tanzania: The Case of Labels on Pre-packaged Foods and Beverages 检查语言可及性在坦桑尼亚的语言景观:在预包装食品和饮料标签的情况下

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.9

P. Mdukula

{"title":"Examining Language Accessibility in the Linguistic Landscape of Tanzania: The Case of Labels on Pre-packaged Foods and Beverages","authors":"P. Mdukula","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the language accessibility on labels of commercially produced pre-packaged foods and beverages in Tanzania, targeting local consumers, and its implication on information access. Being guided by Backhaus (2005) and Spolsky (2004) Sociolinguistic Framework, the study extends the scenery of research in the field of linguistic landscape (LL) that places the presumed reader(s) as key actors in analysing LL. The study analysed 129 photographic data (semiotic resources) from labels of pre-packaged foods and beverages collected randomly from six shopping locations in Dar es Salaam. It also interviewed 25 respondents. Findings revealed that two main languages, English and Kiswahili were observed on the studied pre-packaged food and beverage labels. However, it is English and not Kiswahili (the official and national language) which is mostly represented on labels of commercially produced pre-packaged foods and beverages in Tanzania. The majority of local consumers who are not proficient in the most preferred language on labels were reported to have difficulties in reading and understanding the information written on labels a situation that hinders their access to the information contained on labels.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114722316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ubainishaji wa ‘Sura Mbili’ katika Methali za Kiswahili

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.15

J. N. Maitaria

引用次数: 0

Tafsiri kama Nyenzo ya Kutandawaza Utamaduni wa Mswahili: Mfano wa Siku Njema (1996) na A Good Day (2019)

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.10

S. N. M. Ngesu, G. Mrikaria

{"title":"Tafsiri kama Nyenzo ya Kutandawaza Utamaduni wa Mswahili: Mfano wa Siku Njema (1996) na A Good Day (2019)","authors":"S. N. M. Ngesu, G. Mrikaria","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Lengo la makala hii ni kujadili mchango wa tafsiri katika kutandawaza utamaduni wa Mswahili kwa kuangazia riwaya ya A Good Day (Walibora, 2019) kama tafsiri ya riwaya ya Siku Njema (Walibora, 1996) iliyotafsiriwa na Dorothy Kweyu na Fortunatus Kawegere. Tafsiri imekuwa nyenzo muhimu ya kusambaza maarifa ambayo kinadharia yanahusu vipengele vya kiutamaduni kutoka lugha chanzi kwenda lugha lengwa. Makala hii inaangazia mwamko wa hivi karibuni wa kutafsiri kazi za fasihi kutoka Kiswahili kwenda Kiingereza. Kulingana na Kimutai (2016) na Ngesu na wenzake (2019), kumekuwa na mwamko mpya wa kutafsiri kazi za Kiswahili kwenda Kiingereza na lugha nyinginezo, kinyume na ilivyokuwa awali ambapo kazi mbalimbali zilikuwa zikitafsiriwa kwa wingi kutoka Kiingereza kwenda Kiswahili. Data za utafiti huu zilikusanywa kwa kusoma na kuchambua matini chanzi na matini lengwa. Makala hii ililenga kuangazia vipengele vya kiutamaduni vilivyohawilishwa kutoka utamaduni chanzi na kuingizwa katika utamaduni lengwa katika matini teule. Modeli ya Newmark (2003) kuhusu ubainishaji wa vipengele vya kiutamaduni iliongoza uchanganuzi wa data za makala hii. Aidha, mbinu linganishi ilitumiwa kuchanganua kiulinganishi matini chanzi na matini lengwa. Mkabala wa kitaamuli ulitumiwa katika uwasilishaji wa data katika majedwali. Matokeo yanaonesha kwamba kupitia njia ya tafsiri, vipengele vya kiutamaduni vimehawilishwa kutoka lugha chanzi kwenda lugha lengwa.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127835688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ushairi wa Simu Tamba wa Waswahili wa Pwani ya Kenya

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.12

Rayya Timammy, J. Habwe

{"title":"Ushairi wa Simu Tamba wa Waswahili wa Pwani ya Kenya","authors":"Rayya Timammy, J. Habwe","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Katika makala hii tunajadili jinsi simu tamba inavyotumika kama nyenzo katika uandishi, ukuzaji na usambazaji wa ushairi miongoni mwa Waswahili wa Pwani ya Kenya na hatimaye watu wengine kote ulimwenguni. Ili kutimiza malengo haya tumetumia dhana ya utandawazi kama dhana changanuzi na vilevile Nadharia ya Kisosholojia ya Kiuhakiki lli kuchambua masuala ya kimaudhui ya ushairi wa simu tamba. Data ya utafiti huu imekusanywa kutokana na kutangamana na jumuiya ya Waswahili wa Pwani ya Kenya kupitia simu tamba. Mmoja wa waandishi wa kazi hii pia ni Mswahili wa Pwani ya Kenya na mshiriki katika mitagusano hii ya ushairi wa simu tamba. Katika kazi hii tumeangazia maudhui ya ushairi wa simu tamba miongoni mwa Waswahili wa Pwani ya Kenya na vilevile kuonesha baadhi ya mitindo inayopendelewa katika ushairi huu. Imebainika kuwa maudhui ya ushairi wa simu tamba katika eneo la Pwani ya Kenya yanahusu salamu za kutakiana heri siku ya Ijumaa na wakati wa mfungo wa Ramadhani. Masuala mengine ya kijamii yanayojitokeza ni yale yanayofungamana na ndoa, dini, uchumi na siasa. Imedhihirika pia kuwa mashairi ya simu tamba yanatungwa kwa kuzingatia kanuni za kijadi kama vile kuwa na urari wa vina, kupangilia shairi kwa kutumia beti, kuwa na mishororo iliyokadiriwa, na kuwa na urari wa vina na mizani. Mengi ya mashairi ya Waswahili wa Pwani ya Kenya ni ya muundo wa tathlitha na tarbia. Hata hivyo, kuna changamoto za kutunga na kuuendeleza ushairi wa Kiswahili kwa njia ya simu tamba kama vile ugumu wa kupangilia mishororo na hata vipande vya mashairi kwa namna inayofungamana na arudhi.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"79 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130696662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When an Ethnic Language Sneaks into the Tanzanian Rural Secondary School Classroom: How Teachers and Learners Perceive Multilingualism 当一种少数民族语言潜入坦桑尼亚农村中学课堂:教师和学习者如何看待多语现象

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.6

Joshua Mwaipape, Gastor Mapunda

{"title":"When an Ethnic Language Sneaks into the Tanzanian Rural Secondary School Classroom: How Teachers and Learners Perceive Multilingualism","authors":"Joshua Mwaipape, Gastor Mapunda","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Most African countries have adopted the languages of ex-colonial masters as media of instruction (MoI). In Tanzania, English has remained the sole MoI from secondary to post-secondary education despite the endemic multilingualism in the country. Such a monolingual tendency in a multilingual setting has raised debates on how learners manage their studies through English, a language which is scarcely used in their everyday conversation. Thus, the current paper investigates learners’ strategic use of ethnic languages (EL) Nyakyusa and Swahili in the learning of the English language and other selected subjects. It also examines teachers’ and learners’ attitudes to the use of ethnic languages in the teaching and learning process in Tanzanian rural secondary schools. The study was carried out in Kyela District, Mbeya Region, among Form One and Form Two students whose first language is Nyakyusa, but who also use Swahili often when talking to peers at home and around the school compound. We used classroom observation and focus groups to collect data. The analysis revealed that some learners made use of Swahili and Nyakyusa for a number of reasons, including seeking assistance from fellow students whenever they came across a new English word/expression in the classroom. We also found that teachers and students reacted differently to the use of languages other than English in the classroom. While students believed that they would not be able to learn anything if their language was completely unused in the class, teachers believed that the use of Nyakyusa and Swahili was inappropriate. Consequently, teachers controlled learners’ use of Swahili and Nyakyusa in the class and around the school.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131798209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Athari ya Muktadha katika Utunzi wa Kazi za Mathias Mnyampala

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.4

Anna N. Kyamba

{"title":"Athari ya Muktadha katika Utunzi wa Kazi za Mathias Mnyampala","authors":"Anna N. Kyamba","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Makala hii inakusudia kuchunguza athari ya muktadha katika utunzi wa kazi za Mathias Mnyampala. Hii inatokana na ukweli kwamba hakuna kazi ya fasihi inayoibuka katika ombwe. Kwa kawaida kazi mbalimbali hutungwa kwa kuzingatia miktadha anuwai kama vile wa kijamii, kisiasa, kiuchumi na kijiografia. Wapo watunzi wengi wa fasihi ya Kiswahili waliotunga kazi za fasihi katika nyakati tofauti, lakini miktadha ya utunzi wa kazi zao haijajulikana kikamilifu. Mmojawapo wa watunzi hao ni Mathias Mnyampala. Kwa ujumla, katika uwanja wa fasihi mtaalamu huyu amesahaulika katika uhakiki na uchambuzi wa kazi zake (Madumulla, 2011; Kyamba, 2018). Kadhalika katika uhakiki wa kazi za mtaalamu huyu muktadha wa utunzi umegusiwa tu na baadhi ya watafiti pasipo kufanya uchambuzi. Mulokozi (2017) anaeleza kuwa ni muhimu kuzingatia muktadha wa mwandishi katika uhakiki wa kazi ya kisanaa ili ieleweke kikamilifu. Kutokana na umuhimu wa suala hilo, makala hii inakusudia kuchunguza athari ya muktadha katika utunzi wa kazi za Mathias Mnyampala. Makala hii imetumia vitabu vinne vya ushairi. Aidha, makala imeongozwa na Nadharia ya Mwingilianomatini ya Julia Kristeva ya mwaka 1960 inayosema kuwa hakuna kazi ya inayoibuka katika ombwe. Kwa kutumia nadharia hii, tumebaini kuwa muktadha wa utunzi wa kazi za Mnyampala unaingiliana, unakamilishana na unategemeana na matini nyingine tangulizi.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122667422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aina za Uongozi wa Kisiasa katika Riwaya za Kiswahili: Uchambuzi Linganishi wa Kusadikika na Rais Anampenda Mke Wangu

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.5

Daniel Kotey, Felix Kwame Sosoo

{"title":"Aina za Uongozi wa Kisiasa katika Riwaya za Kiswahili: Uchambuzi Linganishi wa Kusadikika na Rais Anampenda Mke Wangu","authors":"Daniel Kotey, Felix Kwame Sosoo","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Makala hii inahusu uongozi wa kisiasa katika riwaya za Kiswahili. Riwaya zilizochaguliwa ni Kusadikika (1952), na Rais Anampenda Mke Wangu (2003). Hali ya uongozi wa kisiasa kabla ya uhuru inaelezwa kuwa ni tofauti na hali ya baada ya uhuru. Hii inamaanisha kwamba uongozi wa kisiasa kabla ya uhuru inawezekana kuwa tofauti na uongozi wa kisiasa baada ya uhuru. Kwa upande mwingine, inaelezwa kwamba hali ya uongozi haijabadilika toka kabla ya uhuru mpaka baada ya uhuru. Lengo la makala hii ni kubainisha aina za uongozi wa kisiasa zinazosawiriwa katika riwaya teule. Hii ni kwa sababu fasihi ni zao la jamii inayozungumza masuala mbalimbali ya jamii. Aidha, katika uandishi wa kazi za fasihi waandishi huakisi yale yanayotokea katika jamii ikiwamo suala la kisiasa. Ikiwa kulikuwa na tofauti au tofauti hizo hazikuwapo, je, ni kwa namna gani waandishi wa fasihi ya Kiswahili wameuonesha uongozi wa kisiasa katika vipindi tofauti. Hili ni wazo la msingi lililotuchochea kujadili suala la uongozi wa kisiasa katika riwaya teule. Aidha, riwaya hizi zilichapishwa katika vipindi mahususi vya uongozi, yaani kabla ya uhuru na baada ya uhuru. Uchunguzi huu ulijikita katika aina za uongozi wa kisiasa zilizoshughulikiwa na waandishi katika riwaya teule. Nadharia ya Ubaadaukoloni iliyoasisiwa na Edward Said mwaka 1978 imetumika katika uchambuzi wa data. Msingi wake unaeleza kuwa uhusiano kati ya jamii mbili, yaani watawaliwa na watawala ulianzisha jamii ya ubaadaukoloni na historia inaeleza vizuri kuhusu jamii hizi. Tuliongozwa na msingi huu kubainisha aina za uongozi wa kisiasa katika riwaya teule ambazo ni uongozi wa kisiasa wa kijadi na uongozi wa kisiasa wa kisasa.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123916370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ulinganishi wa Motifu Zinazoibuliwa na Majagina Wawili Maarufu: Mfano kutoka Biblia Takatifu na Utendi wa Fumo Liyongo

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.3

John Kennedy Mwangi

{"title":"Ulinganishi wa Motifu Zinazoibuliwa na Majagina Wawili Maarufu: Mfano kutoka Biblia Takatifu na Utendi wa Fumo Liyongo","authors":"John Kennedy Mwangi","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Suala la motifu katika kazi ya fasihi ni la msingi kwani hubainisha kiwango cha mwingiliano wa vipengele mbalimbali vya kifasihi ili kuleta msisitizo, kukuza maudhui pamoja na kuendeleza dhamira mbalimbali. Makala hii imelinganisha motifu za mashujaa Fumo Liyongo na Samsoni. Uchunguzi wa mashujaa ulifanyika katika maktaba za umma na vyuo vikuu nchini Kenya. Sampuli iliyohusishwa ilikuwa ni majagina wawili ambao ni Samsoni kutoka katika Biblia Takatifu na Fumo Liyongo kutoka katika Utendi wa Fumo Liyongo. Kwa upande mwingine, uchanganuzi wa data ulihusisha mbinu ya kimaelezo. Isitoshe, uchanganuzi wa makala hii uliongozwa na Nadharia ya Ruwaza ya Shujaa iliyoasisiwa na Campbell (2004). Msukumo wa ulinganishi wa motifu za majagina hawa unatokana na madai kuwa majagina hutofautiana kutokana na tofauti za kitamaduni. Kwa majagina teule, hali hii ni tofauti kwa sababu, licha ya kuwa waliishi katika mazingira na vipindi tofauti, wanaonekana kuibua motifu zinazoshabihiana. Makala hii imewatathmini mashujaa hawa na kubaini kuwa wamefungamana na motifu za ujumbe, kuogofya na kustaajabisha, safari, kifo, hila na usaliti. Hivyo, matokeo ya uchunguzi wa motifu za mashujaa yamebainisha kuwa kwa kiwango kikubwa, motifu zao zinafanana na kuingiliana. Katika Utendi wa Fumo Liyongo, Fumo Liyongo alikuwa maarufu sana kutokana na vitendo vyake vya ajabu katika jamii alimoishi. Vilevile, Samsoni amedhihirika kama mtu wa ajabu na mwenye uwezo na mamlaka yanayomfanya aogopwe kutokana na matendo yake mengi ya kiuhalisiaajabu anayoyatenda.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122083207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Wahenga walisema dalili ya mvua...” Uchunguzi wa Dhima za Viashiria vya Utendaji wa Methali katika Nyimbo za Dansi

Jarida la Kiswahili Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.56279/jk.v85i1.2

A. Mnenuka

{"title":"“Wahenga walisema dalili ya mvua...” Uchunguzi wa Dhima za Viashiria vya Utendaji wa Methali katika Nyimbo za Dansi","authors":"A. Mnenuka","doi":"10.56279/jk.v85i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/jk.v85i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Methali ni utanzu unaotumiwa katika mawasiliano ya kawaida na katika utendaji wa tanzu mbalimbali za fasihi. Yumkini, kutokana na utegemezi wake, pamoja na msisitizo mkubwa kuwa fasihi simulizi hudhihirika katika utendaji, aghalabu, methali zimekuwa zikichambuliwa nje ya muktadha wake wa utendaji. Matokeo yake, nduni nyingi za utendaji wa methali zimeelezwa kiholela, suala linaloleta uvulivuli mkubwa katika fasiri ya methali kwa ujumla. Kwa mfano, kiashiria pekee cha utendaji wa methali kinachoelezwa na wengi ni kile kinachohusisha wahenga, yaani “wahenga walisema…” na vingine vinavyofanana na hicho. Aina hii ya kiashiria hudokeza aina ya utendaji inayoondoa msimamo na hisia za mdondoaji kwa sababu huhusisha maudhui ya methali na wahenga. Kwa kuwa methali ni mali ya jamii, kwa vyovyote vile, kuna uwezekano mkubwa wa kuwa na viashiria vingine vinavyoakisi mazingira ya utendekaji wa methali pamoja na kujumuisha hisia za watumiaji. Kwa kutumia Nadharia ya Utendaji, makala hii inalenga kubainisha na kuchunguza dhima za viashiria vya utendaji wa methali katika nyimbo za muziki wa dansi za Kiswahili. Matokeo yanadhihirisha kuwa, mbali na kiashiria cha “wahenga walisema...” nyimbo za muziki wa dansi zina viashiria mbalimbali vya utendaji wa methali. Baadhi ya viashiria hivyo hudhihirisha mitazamo, misimamo na hisia za watendaji wa methali. Aidha, imebainika kuwa ili kuelewa vizuri maudhui ya methali, uchambuzi wa viashiria vya utendaji haukwepeki.","PeriodicalId":411809,"journal":{"name":"Jarida la Kiswahili","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128197443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0