{"title":"Innovative Coal-to-Olefin Process Integrated with Sustainable Renewable Electricity and Green Hydrogen","authors":"Jinqiang Liang, Danzhu Liu, Shuliang Xu, Mao Ye","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04825","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional Coal-to-Olefins (CTO) process is plagued by high CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and significant water consumption. To address these issues, two routes are designed and modeled to compare with the conventional CTO route in terms of energy consumption, CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, water consumption, and economic performance: the Renewable Electricity coupled to CTO process (RE-CTO) route and the Renewable Electricity and Green Hydrogen coupled to conventional CTO route (RE-GH-CTO). Introducing renewable electricity into the CTO process enhances the energy efficiency, reduces grid loads, and decreases indirect CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The integration of green hydrogen technology removes the air separation unit and water–gas shift unit, shortens the process, reduces energy consumption, and improves CO<sub>2</sub> utilization. The RE-GH-CTO route can motivate a multienergy integration and complementation, improve energy efficiency, and boost light olefins productivity. The results showed that the RE-GH-CTO route improved energy efficiency and carbon utilization efficiency by 14.51% and 40.80%, and reduced carbon dioxide emissions and water consumption by 76.71% and 32.68% compared with the conventional CTO process. In addition, the production cost of the RE-GH-CTO route is 8.30% lower than the conventional CTO route. This innovative route provides a promising approach for introducing green hydrogen for CO<sub>2</sub> utilization and the sustainable conversion of coal to chemicals.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farhatun Najat Maluin, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain, Norin Fatihah Rizal
{"title":"Taguchi Optimization of Adsorptive Removal of 4-Nonlyphenol Pollutant Using Chitosan-Magnetic Composites: A Study of Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamics","authors":"Farhatun Najat Maluin, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain, Norin Fatihah Rizal","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03894","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial wastewater often contains 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), a persistent and harmful pollutant that poses significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Addressing this issue, this study focuses on the synthesis and optimization of superparamagnetic chitosan-coated magnetic composites (Cs–Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) as an efficient adsorbent for 4-NP removal from water. Among the tested formulations, the 1:2 Cs–Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite exhibited superior magnetic properties, larger surface area, and higher adsorption capacity compared to the 1:1 ratio, resulting in enhanced removal efficiency. Its superparamagnetic behavior enables easy separation and reusability, maintaining over 80% efficiency after five adsorption–desorption cycles. The Taguchi method identified optimal removal conditions─pH 8, a 10 min contact time, and a dosage of 0.5 mg/mL─achieving nearly 100% removal efficiency. Kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order behavior, while isotherm studies confirmed Langmuir monolayer adsorption with a maximum capacity (<i>q</i><sub>max</sub>) of 168.28 mg/g. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated the exothermic and spontaneous nature of the process, making Cs–Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> a highly effective and sustainable solution for wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianjun Li, Weijun Yang, Pengwu Xu, Deyu Niu, Piming Ma
{"title":"Recyclable High-Performance Thermosetting Plastics from Isosorbide Based on Diels–Alder Reaction","authors":"Jianjun Li, Weijun Yang, Pengwu Xu, Deyu Niu, Piming Ma","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04639","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of covalent cross-linked networks poses significant challenges for the recycling and reprocessing of thermosetting plastics. This study focuses on the design and synthesis of a series of novel biobased thermosetting polymers using isosorbide, furfuryl amine, and two structurally distinct bismaleimide cross-linkers based on reversible Diels–Alder (DA) reactions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to confirm the successful preparation of isosorbide/furfuryl amine linear prepolymer (ISFA-OH) and isosorbide/furfuryl amine DA cross-linked polymer (ISFA-DA). The mechanical and thermal properties of ISFA-DA could be effectively and rapidly tuned by adjusting the structure and content of the maleimide cross-linkers, achieving tensile strengths ranging from 8.2 to 79.8 MPa, elongations at break from 6.5 to 100%, and glass transition temperatures (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub>) between 26 and 93 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results confirmed the presence of thermal reversible DA and retro-DA reactions within the ISFA-DA cross-linked polymers. The thermal reversible DA reaction endows the ISFA-DA cross-linked polymer with recyclability. We investigated the mechanical properties before and after recycling through both thermal solution and thermomechanical recycling methods, finding that the ISFA-DA cross-linked polymer retains over 90% of its original mechanical strength after thermal solution and thermomechanical recycling. This work provides a novel and promising strategy for design and preparation of a series of high-performance-biobased thermosetting materials with adjustable thermomechanical properties and excellent recyclability.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Ye, Chu Wang, Ximo Wang, Qingjie Wang, Changhai Liang, Chuang Li
{"title":"LiPF6-Based Locally High-Concentration Electrolyte Extends the Calendar Life of Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Min Ye, Chu Wang, Ximo Wang, Qingjie Wang, Changhai Liang, Chuang Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04916","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the solvation structure of the Solvent-Separated Ion Pairs (SSIPs) within commercial electrolytes, the negative electrode fails to receive effective protection, leading to a considerable decline of lithium-ion battery capacity during the calendar aging process. At present, the use of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)-based locally high-concentration electrolytes is an effective way to solve this problem, but due to the high cost and corrosiveness to the current collector, it has not been commercially utilized. Herein, a lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF<sub>6</sub>)-based local high-concentration electrolyte is devised to address the challenge of calendar aging under conditions of high State of Charge (SOC). In this electrolyte, the solvated structure dominated by Contact Ion Pairs (CIPs) and Aggregated Species (AGGs), resulting from the interaction between the electrolyte and solvent, promotes the formation of an inorganic-rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) film on the negative electrode, providing effective protection. The 18650 cylinder battery, constructed with NCA<sub>811</sub>/Graphite, retains an impressive 85.52% capacity even after 90 days of storage at 55 °C. This work offers a viable approach to addressing the storage challenges of commercial lithium-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quirin Grossmann, Paola A. Saenz-Cavazos, Nicole Ferru, Daryl R. Williams, Marco Mazzotti
{"title":"Measuring and Modeling Water and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on Amine Functionalized Alumina under Direct Air Capture Conditions","authors":"Quirin Grossmann, Paola A. Saenz-Cavazos, Nicole Ferru, Daryl R. Williams, Marco Mazzotti","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04581","url":null,"abstract":"Water vapor is an unavoidable component of ambient air that sorbents designed for atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> capture must contend with. Amine functionalized sorbents often exhibit an enhancement of CO<sub>2</sub> uptake in the presence of moisture through a variety of mechanisms, and in this work, we investigate the coadsorption of water and CO<sub>2</sub> on amine functionalized alumina. Sorbent performance is examined under varying levels of humidity and temperature using three common measurement techniques: gravimetric, volumetric, and breakthrough methods. Our findings show that water increasingly enhances CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption up to the monolayer saturation point of water, above which no further enhancement is observed. Competitive adsorption is observed primarily at low relative humidities, and a novel dual-site isotherm model is developed that successfully describes these behaviors. Additionally, this study highlights the unique advantages of each measurement technique for accurately characterizing sorbent performance under direct air capture (DAC) conditions. These insights contribute to the understanding and optimization of amine-based sorbents in DAC applications.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heterogeneous Cobalt Nanocatalyst for Reductive Transformation of Nitroarenes to Aryl Amines Using Isopropanol as a Hydrogen Source","authors":"Manvender Yadav, Raju Kumar, Achala Rana, Baint Singh, Yashveer Singh Meena, Deependra Tripathi, Rajesh Kumar, Sunil Kumar Pathak, Ganesh Naik","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04023","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we introduce an efficient catalytic transfer hydrogenation method using inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and readily available isopropyl alcohol as a hydrogen donor for selectively reducing diverse nitroarenes. The process employs a cobalt-based nanocatalyst (Co–N/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), synthesized via a simple impregnation method using cobalt nitrate, 1,10-phenanthroline, and γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as precursors. This method proves highly effective in producing a wide range of aryl amines (35 examples), pharmaceutical intermediates (4 examples), and late-stage functional group transformations (1 example), with yields ranging from moderate to excellent (70–98%) across various scales. The catalyst was characterized using HR-TEM, powder XRD, XPS, H<sub>2</sub>-TPR, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption, Raman spectroscopy, and ICP-OES techniques. These analyses confirmed the formation of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles. The exceptional performance of the Co–N/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst is attributed to its optimized textural, morphological, and acidic properties, which are superior to other catalysts. Mechanistic studies provided insights into the intermediates formed during different stages of the reaction and confirmed the indirect route (condensation mechanism). The recyclability studies of the catalyst were validated through experimental testing, demonstrating consistent efficiency over three consecutive cycles. This sustainable method offers a promising alternative to conventional hydrogenation processes that use molecular hydrogen.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Ferella, Allison Suichies, Bassel A. Abdelkader, Nikulkumar Kamleshkumar Dabhi, Jay Werber, Charles-François de Lannoy
{"title":"Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Using Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis: Technical Analysis and Cost Breakdown of a Full-Scale Plant","authors":"Francesco Ferella, Allison Suichies, Bassel A. Abdelkader, Nikulkumar Kamleshkumar Dabhi, Jay Werber, Charles-François de Lannoy","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04364","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed techno-economic analysis was performed for a bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) full-scale plant designed to produce large volumes of dilute alkaline solution for use in ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE). OAE is a process by which the surface of the oceans is realkalinized to promote CO<sub>2</sub> absorption from air by converting CO<sub>2</sub> to carbonates for long-term storage in the oceans. The capacity of the BMED stack was designed to process ∼139 000 m<sup>3</sup>/year of desalination brine, resulting in 47 200 t/year of 2.1 wt % NaOH solution. The OAE plant was modeled using colocation with a desalination plant in southern California. Three scenarios were investigated, each focused on a different valorization of the BMED process byproduct of 46 600 t/year of 1.8 wt % HCl solution: selling (1) dilute HCl without further processing, (2) dilute HCl distilled to 20 wt % using carbon-free (solar) energy, and (3) dilute HCl distilled to 20 wt % using waste heat from a nearby power plant. The levelized cost of CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration from the OAE plant, assuming no return on investment, ranged from 848 to 1076 USD/t of CO<sub>2</sub>, depending on the scenario. Subsequently, a discounted cash flow analysis was conducted to assess the price at which carbon credits would have to be sold as revenue source to make a profit on the plant. Our analysis indicates that the cost of energy, labor, loan repayment, and membrane replacement, as well as the inefficiency of commercial membranes, drive the economics of BMED for OAE, while highlighting the necessity to generate alternative byproducts other than HCl. Nevertheless, these high costs (1395–2315 USD/t of CO<sub>2</sub>) align with carbon credit prices currently indicated in contracts signed within the voluntary carbon market. A reliable outlook indicates that technical improvements and better economic perspectives can reduce the levelized cost of CO<sub>2</sub> down to 394 USD/t of CO<sub>2</sub>.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interlayer Spacing Engineering of Cellulose-Derived Hard Carbon for Enhanced Na+ Diffusivity and Optimized Na+ Storage in Anode Materials","authors":"Yicheng Du, Bowen Chen, Jiao Xie, Kaifeng Du","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04586","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose-derived hard carbon (HC) is a promising candidate for a sodium-ion battery (as the optimally configured renewable energy storage system) due to its low cost and environmental sustainability. However, the sodium storage capacity and rate performance are limited by the restricted interlayer spacing, requiring further optimization for practical applications. This study presents a scalable and cost-effective approach to regulating the interlayer spacing of cellulose-derived HC using a preliminary chemical cross-linking (PCC) strategy. The PCC method increases interlayer spacing and introduces structural disorder, thereby significantly improving sodium-ion diffusion kinetics and storage capacity. The HC samples (denoted as PCHC-<i>X</i>, in which <i>X</i> = 1, 2, and 3 stands for the degree of cross-linking) exhibit reversible capacities of up to 312.3 mAh g<sup>–1</sup>, outperforming cellulose-derived hard carbon (222.8 mAh g<sup>–1</sup>). Besides, the PCHC-3 shows notable improvements in sodium-ion transport, with a capacity of 253.6 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at a 5C rate and excellent cycling stability (84.1% retention after 150 cycles at 0.5C). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses further confirm superior Na<sup>+</sup> diffusivity and storage properties for PCHC-3. Deep insights into interlayer spacing engineering will greatly advance the rational design of hard carbon anodes with enhanced electrochemical performances.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fei Chen, Liu Deng, Haichuan He, Liqiang Wang, Minghui Yang, You-Nian Liu
{"title":"Customizing the Crystal Facet of Carbon-Encapsulated Nickel Catalyst for Selective and Durable Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to CO","authors":"Fei Chen, Liu Deng, Haichuan He, Liqiang Wang, Minghui Yang, You-Nian Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c05006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c05006","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon-supported non-noble metal-based catalysts display remarkable catalytic activity and cost-effectiveness in electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (eCO<sub>2</sub>RR). However, precise control of the crystal facet of metal catalysts and prevention of deactivation caused by agglomeration remain challenges. Herein, a novel dual-function customized strategy is presented for the preparation of the N-doped carbon-supported Ni-based porous catalyst with carbon-encapsulated Ni(111) nanoparticles (Ni(111)@C-NDPC), through carbonizing the self-assembly of protein–Ni-ions networks and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-chelated Ni-ions (EDTA–Ni). High exposure of the (111) surface of carbon-encapsulated nickel nanoparticles is achieved through strong coordination between EDTA–Ni, thereby synergistically integrating the advantages of highly active Ni(111) and stable carbon-encapsulated structure formed by protein–Ni-ions networks. Theoretical calculations reveal that Ni(111) facilitates the formation of *COOH and inhibits the hydrogen evolution reaction. The as-prepared Ni(111)@C-NDPC electrocatalyst exhibits an excellent CO Faradaic efficiency (FE<sub>CO</sub>) of 96.3% and stability over 50 h while maintaining FE<sub>CO</sub> above 90% in a wide current density range of 50–300 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>. This work provides a new strategy for precisely customizing highly selective and durable carbon-supported metal eCO<sub>2</sub>RR electrocatalysts.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dissolution of Metal Organic Cage in Deep Eutectic Solvent: A Solution for Preparing Type II Porous Liquids","authors":"Yangyang Xin, Dechao Wang, Weirui Zhang, Fangfang Su, Yisong Liu, Yaru Lu, Wendi Fan, Dongdong Yao, Yaping Zheng","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00183","url":null,"abstract":"Porous liquids represent an innovative class of materials that combine the porosity of porous solids with the dynamic fluidity of liquids, garnering significant interest. However, the preparation of type II porous liquids is often hindered by complex methodologies and stringent requirements for both the porous host and the sterically hindered solvent. Herein, we present a simple and universal approach to prepare type II porous liquids, utilizing the metal organic cage ZrT-1-OH as the porous host and deep eutectic solvents (DES) as the sterically hindered solvent, respectively. Through hydrogen bonding interactions, ZrT-1-OH dissolves efficiently in DES, resulting in porous liquids with low viscosity. These porous liquids exhibit enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> sorption performance and demonstrate potential for selective gas separations of CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub>/N<sub>2</sub>. Given the diversity of available porous organic cages and the high tunability of DES compositions, this approach offers a promising and universal pathway for the design and preparation of type II porous liquids.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}