{"title":"Recent Advances in Catalysts and Reaction Mechanism for the Direct Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene","authors":"Ben Yang, Kangzhou Wang, Shouqian Dong, Chenlong Huang, Wei Qiang, Xiaowei Li, Jing Wang, Jianli Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6c03382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c03382","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Butadieneis a key monomer in the production of syntheticrubber,resins, and fine chemicals. Although significant progress has beenmade in the technology for the direct conversion of ethanol to butadiene(ETB), challenges remain in the development of highly efficient catalystsand the elucidation of the structure–activity relationshipsof supported catalysts. Furthermore, there are few systematic reviewsanalyzing the structure–activity relationships in the directETB conversion. In this review, we summarize recent advances in catalystsfor direct ETB conversion and systematically analyze the relationshipsamong metal composition, preparation method, support structure, active-siteenvironment, and catalytic performance, and the competitive C–Ccoupling mechanism, reaction kinetics, catalyst deactivation, andregeneration strategies. Furthermore, we present the technical bottlenecksand future opportunities in the direct ETB conversion. This reviewaims to comprehensively analyze the structure–activity relationshipsbetween catalysts and catalytic performance in the direct ETB conversion,with the goal of promoting the development of efficient catalystsand accelerating the industrialization of ETB conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"65 40","pages":"21387–21408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149174051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface-Engineered\u0000Polythiosemicarbazide Membranes\u0000via Chelation-Controlled Silver Nanoparticle Growth for Antibacterial\u0000and Underwater Oleophobic Performance","authors":"Jamaliah Aburabie,Sneha Thomas,Mostafa Khair,Raed Hashaikeh","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6c02995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c02995","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biofouling continues to limit the performance of ultrafiltration membranes for oil–water separation, creating demand for materials that combine high flux, strong selectivity, and built-in antimicrobial activity. Here, we report a chelating polythiosemicarbazide (PTSC) ultrafiltration membrane that supports in situ growth of silver nanoparticles through intrinsic Ag+ coordination and controlled chemical reduction. PTSC membranes were prepared by nonsolvent-induced phase separation using 12 wt% PTSC, loaded with Ag+ and reduced with NaBH4. PTSC showed high Ag+ uptake, reaching about 365 mg g–1 at 250 ppm with less than 3% silver release after prolonged immersion. The modified membrane remained highly hydrophilic and strongly underwater oleophobic, with oil contact angles above 100° for several oils. It showed a molecular weight cutoff near 270 kDa and delivered 97–99% oil rejection, a permeance of about 110–230 L m–2 h–1 bar–1, and antibacterial activity against Bacillus thuringiensis. These results highlight a strategy for multifunctional membranes with minimized silver leaching and fouling resistance.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149210004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}