World Economy and International Relations最新文献

{"title":"Digital Technologies: Policy for Improving Accessibility and Usage Skills Development in Europe and Russia","authors":"Н Плотичкина, Е Морозова, И Мирошниченко","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-70-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-70-83","url":null,"abstract":"В информационном обществе возник новый вид социального неравенства – диспаритет в доступности и навыках использования цифровых технологий, или цифровое неравенство. Авторы раскрывают проявления указанного неравенства и акцентируют роль цифровой инклюзии (расширения охвата цифровыми технологиями) в его ослаблении. Сопоставляются показатели цифрового неравенства в европейских (и некоторых других) странах и России, выделены основные типы политик цифровой инклюзии и субъекты их реализации. Массовое овладение цифровыми навыками представлено как основополагающий индикатор цифровой инклюзии. Ключевыми акторами в ее стимулировании выступают государство и система образования. Вместе с тем в развитии цифровых навыков у различных групп населения значима роль НКО, местных сообществ, библиотек и межсекторного взаимодействия. Характеризуется система мониторинга политики цифровой инклюзии.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"63 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116442342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russia and Global Water Crisis","authors":"A. Suzdaleva","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-53-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-53-59","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, many countries are experiencing a growing shortage of freshwater resources. Aggravation of such situation will have impact on economy and political situation in the countries which do not suffer from water deficiency. So, in the foreseeable future the world may face a global water crisis. The only way to prevent it is to develop new reserves of available water resources and their transborder supplies through formation of international market of fresh water resources and the interregional systems of water logistics. For water exporting countries this will bring not only economic benefits bur greater geopolitical significance. The Russian Federation possesses large reserves of fresh water in great Siberian Rivers that regularly cause catastrophic floods. Projects of transferring part of excess drain (runoff) to arid Central Asian republics were discussed in late years of the USSR. But these projects struck upon indignation of the local ecologically-minded public (ecologists). Since then the Russian Federation does not consider such projects. The author insists that the approach to this problem should to be reconsidered in the light of most recent climate-related events that substantiate the positions of those scientists who forecast a global water crisis until 2050. Active participation in formation of the international market of fresh waters resources has to be included into foreign policy agenda of the Russian Federation. In other words, this country needs to develop its own water diplomacy directed at protection of national interest in this increasingly unstable world – similarly to the experience of some foreign powers. The purpose is to achieve mutually advantageous international agreements on interregional supplies of fresh water. The main obstacle is the resistance of the local ecologists who maintain outdated stereotypes. The situation may be changed by dissemination of proper information on the issue, primarily concerning national ecological interests for participation in international efforts to prevent global water crisis. The refusal of sale of excess volumes of fresh water to neighboring countries may lead to emergency situations there and, consequently, to a burst of illegal migration and even attempts to solve the problem by force.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126262713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russia and China in Africa: Competition or Cooperation?","authors":"A. Dikarev","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-60-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-60-69","url":null,"abstract":"В статье рассматриваются политическая и экономическая деятельность Китая и России в Африке и механизмы сотрудничества со странами континента. Характеристики процессов взаимодействия Африки с внешним миром в научной литературе и СМИ, оценки дискурса “экспансии” и “неоколониализма”. Анализ показателей финансово-экономического сотрудничества Китая и России с Африкой по от¬дельным параметрам: внешняя торговля; прямые иностранные инвестиции; кредиты и займы. Невоз¬можность соперничества с Китаем в силу значительного отставания России по макроэкономическим показателям вовлеченности в африканскую экономику, проблематичность сопряжения стратегий и появления совместных российско-китайских проектов на континенте.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130699819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Movement “Fridays for Future”: The First Results","authors":"A. Korotkova","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-119-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-119-131","url":null,"abstract":"В статье анализируется деятельность молодежного экологического движения “Пятницы ради будущего”, инициированного шведской школьницей Гретой Тунберг и получившего стремительное развитие. Рассмотрены составляющие, делающие его уникальным и позволившие ему в кратчайшие сроки приобрести мировой размах. Показаны особенности движения и его лидера как медиа-феномена, а также возможности влияния школьных забастовок на принятие политических решений.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133078975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Business Strategies of Companies in the Context of Sustainable Development","authors":"Шлихтер Алексей Артемьевич","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-37-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-37-44","url":null,"abstract":"Концепция устойчивого развития в практике производственных фирм становится новой парадигмой их существования. В процессе выстраивания цепочек создания добавленной стоимости бизнес решает важнейшие для общества проблемы, такие как разумное использование природных ресурсов, защита естественной среды обитания, здоровье и безопасность людей. В результате они сами становятся более устойчивыми и успешными.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"92 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120943098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Relations and the War of Anti-Traditionalism with Identity","authors":"R. Lunkin, Mokhovaya Str. Moscow Russian Federation, S. Filatov","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-5-14","url":null,"abstract":"В статье проанализировано противостояние двух мировоззрений – традиционализма и антитрадиционализма в рамках международных отношений. Современный либерализм авторы определяют как антитрадиционализм. “Либеральная революция” постепенно сформировала те ценности, которые на международном уровне считаются незыблемыми (прежде всего права меньшинств, ценности глобализма). Основа традиционалистского движения не сводится к “популизму” или “национализму”, а имеет под собой более глубокие корни, связанные с защитой суверенитета и идентичности. В 2010-е годы стало очевидно, что борьба антитрадиционалистов против традиционалистов идет уже между государствами.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117187767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"British-Russian Relations at the Present Stage (2000–2020)","authors":"I. Kovalev","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-26-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-4-26-36","url":null,"abstract":"Статья посвящена исследованию комплекса проблем в отношениях между Соединенным Королевством и РФ на современном этапе формирования и развития новой многополярной системы международных отношений. Российские исследователи в последнее время предпочитают реагировать на актуальные и медийно востребованные события в двусторонних контактах. В настоящей работе приоритетное внимание уделяется рассмотрению отношений между Москвой и Лондоном в контексте их эволюции и динамики развития, начиная с начала нынешнего века. Принципиально важным представляется выявление причинно-следственных связей между внутриполитическими проблемами двух стран и решениями, принимаемыми в сфере межгосударственных отношений.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125291527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stop or Deadlock? The U.S. Elites about the INF Crisis","authors":"Y. Golub, S. Shenin","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-20-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-20-28","url":null,"abstract":"Статья посвящена анализу восприятия в США политики администрации Д. Трампа в отношении контроля над вооружением в целом и Договора о ликвидации ракет средней и меньшей дальности (ДРСМД) в частности. В контексте эволюции и основных компонентов этой политики авторы изучают отношение к ней наиболее активных и влиятельных элитарных групп (неолибералов, реалистов и консерваторов). Делается вывод о существовавшей возможности компромисса между группами на основе возможного расширения ДРСМД за счет Китая и при поддержке России. В противном случае под угрозу могла быть поставлена пролонгация Договора о мерах по дальнейшему сокращению и ограничению стратегических наступательных вооружений (СНВ‑3), а значит, и модернизация ядерной триады США.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122107775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of Maintaining the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons","authors":"Селезнева Дарья Александровна","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-29-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-29-35","url":null,"abstract":"В статье рассматриваются основные вызовы Договору о нераспространении ядерного оружия и основанному на нем международному режиму нераспространения ядерного оружия, а также анализируется роль, которую эти вызовы будут играть в работе Обзорной конференции участников ДНЯО по рассмотрению действия Договора.","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134630531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-Regional Migration of Labor Resources in Southeast Asia","authors":"Rogozhina Natalia","doi":"10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-111-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-3-111-119","url":null,"abstract":"The regional labor market in Southeast Asia is second only to China and India. Its development is subjected to the movement of labor force within the region. The flow of intraregional migrants has begun to grow since the 1990s, reflecting imbalances in the distribution of labor among the countries of the region and the existence of significant differences between them in household income, wages and competitiveness, working conditions and employment opportunities. The number of labor emigrants in 2015 was 10.2 million people, of which 6.8 million found work in the region itself. The positive results of labor migration are indisputable for both importing countries and exporters of labor. The first, which include Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore, by attracting foreign workers cover the shortage of labor force in their labor market, especially in labor-intensive industries. The bulk of migrants from neighboring countries are semi-skilled and unskilled labor. Its main suppliers are Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Indonesia and, to a lesser extent, Vietnam. In these countries, due to higher rates of population growth and its rejuvenation, excess labor has emerged, which does not have the opportunity to find employment in still underdeveloped economies. Intraregional migration facilitates the solution of the problem of poverty and employment in these countries, raising the level of skills of the workforce, and the flow of funds into the economy through the remittances of migrant workers. However, intraregional migration brings not only economic benefits to the countries of the region, but also creates certain difficulties for them, since it is often accompanied by exploitation, violence of migrants, especially illegal ones. Although labor migration in labor-importing countries is regulated by laws that restrict the entry of migrants from neighboring countries and the duration of their stay in the country, these measures are not sufficient to stop the flow of illegal migrants. Costly and time-consuming bureaucratic procedure for obtaining a visa, the high cost of services of labor agencies, brevity and rigidity of labor contracts – all these factors encourage migrants to seek informal channels to move to another country. To combat illegal migration, various means of policy are used: the deportation of illegal migrants, their criminal prosecution (applies also to the entrepreneur who hires an illegal worker), periodically conducted campaigns for their registration and amnesty. However, these measures are ineffective in terms of reducing the influx of illegal migrants, and most importantly, are detrimental to the economy. The migration policies carried out in Malaysia and Thailand do not satisfy the needs of their economic development. In Singapore, the solution to these problems is ensured by the presence of an effective migration management system. Given the prospects for the development of integration processes in Southeast Asia, the problem of improving the m","PeriodicalId":398103,"journal":{"name":"World Economy and International Relations","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123763576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}